scholarly journals A Rapid Method to Evaluate Pre-Travel Programs for COVID-19: A Study in Hawaii

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy T. Hou ◽  
Genevieve C. Pang ◽  
Kristin M. Mills ◽  
Krizhna L. Bayudan ◽  
Dayna M. Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Rapid Method ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Study Participation ◽  
District Health ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Anonymous Testing ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mean

AbstractBackgroundPre-travel testing programs are being implemented around the world to curb COVID-19 and its variants from incoming travelers. A common approach is a single pre-travel test, 72 hours before departure, such as in Hawaii; however this raises concerns for those who are incubating or those infected after pre-travel testing or during transit. We need a rapid method to assess the effectiveness of pre-travel testing programs, and we use Hawaii as our case study.MethodsWe invited travelers departing from Kahului main airport at the end of their visit to Maui (major tourist destination among the Hawaiian islands) and performed COVID-19 PCR testing. Eligible participants needed a negative pre-travel test and a Hawaiian stay ≤ 14 days. We designed for anonymous testing at the end of travel so that travel plans would be unaffected, and we aimed for ≥ 70% study participation.ResultsAmong consecutive eligible travelers, 282 consented and 111 declined to participate, leading to a 72% (67-76%, 95% confidence interval) participation rate. Among 281 tested participants, two were positive with COVID-19, with an estimated positivity rate of 7 cases per 1,000 travelers. The top states of residence are California (58%) and Washington (21%). The mean length of stay was 7.7 ± 0.2 days. Regarding pre-travel testing, 87% had non-nasopharyngeal tests and 66% had self-administered tests.ConclusionsThis positivity rate leads to an estimated 17-30 infected travelers arriving daily to Maui in November-December 2020, and an estimated 52-70 infected travelers arriving daily to Hawaii during the same period. These counts surpass the Maui District Health Office’s projected ability to accommodate 10 infected visitors daily in Maui; therefore, an additional mitigation layer for travelers is recommended. This rapid field study can be replicated widely in airports to assess effectiveness of pre-travel programs and can be expanded to evaluate COVID-19 importation and its variants.

scholarly journals Meditation Tourism, Buddhist Philosophy in Practice: A Case Study of Lumbini, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-59
Author(s):  
Netra Prasad Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
National Development ◽  
Meditation Practice ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
The Core ◽  
Spiritual Tourism ◽  
Religious Tourism ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

The dimensions of travelling and tourism have become manifold in recent decades. People love to travel with various purposes. Religious tourism, yoga tourism, peace tourism and spiritual tourism are some dimensions. Lumbini can be a best destination for meditation tourism, which could be much rewarding for individual, social and national development. The travelers and stakeholders have yet to be aware of this aspect. In Buddhism, Lumbini is a best destination for meditation tour. Exploring the importance of travelling Lumbini for meditation is the main objective of this article. Tourists and pilgrims would benefit immensely if they understand the significance of meditation tourism to Lumbini, its philosophy and practice. This article aims to explore the spiritual significance of Lumbini and it will provide visions of a purposeful development and publicity that would shape Lumbini as a best destination for meditation tourism. The government and private sectors are interested to develop Lumbini as best tourist destination. People all over the world are attracted to visit Lumbini for different reasons. Most tourists are unaware of the core aspect of visiting Lumbini. People who visit Lumbini are unaware about meditation practice or involving in charity works. Meditation and compassion are the core aspects of Buddha’s teachings, which are neither realized nor practiced. There seems a vast gap between the actual philosophy of Buddhism and the attitude of most of the visitors. This research study attempts to reveal the significance of meditation tourism in Lumbini.

scholarly journals Perceptions and Role of Tourist Destination Residents Compared to Other Event Stakeholders in a Small-Scale Sports Event. The Case of the FIS World Junior Alpine Ski Championships 2019 in Val di Fassa

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 6909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Bazzanella
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
The World

The role of stakeholders is critical in addressing challenges with or problems in small-scale sports events. The purpose of this study is to investigate the perceptions of the event stakeholders toward sports events, with a particular focus on the role of residents in a tourist destination. The goal is to understand their perceptions with respect to different topics and in particular to the sustainable development of the tourist destination. This case study focuses on the World Junior Alpine Ski Championships 2019 in Trentino Val di Fassa—Italy (JWC2019). Applying a mixed methodology, the study analyzes the stakeholders during the sports event (quantitative method) and the point of view of the residents in their stakeholder role after the sports event (qualitative method). The main findings of this study show that residents differ from tourists and other stakeholders in terms of their perception of the event and its strengths. But when it comes to the perceptions regarding the territory, the groups of stakeholders analyzed do not seem to have systematically different opinions. Some paradoxes do, however, emerge with respect to the residents’ awareness of their role as stakeholders and the implications of the event with respect to sustainability and how such an event may underpin a concept of sustainable development for the territory as a whole.

The headache of terror

Neurology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. e111-e118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Synne Øien Stensland ◽  
John-Anker Zwart ◽  
Tore Wentzel-Larsen ◽  
Grete Dyb
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mass Shooting ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Type Headache

ObjectiveTo elaborate the risk of headache among adolescent survivors exposed to terror.MethodsOn July 22, 2011, a lone man opened gunfire, killing 69 people at a summer camp for adolescents on the Utøya islet in Norway. All 358 adolescent survivors 13 to 20 years of age were invited to participate in the Utøya interview study. Among the 213 (59%) respondents, half (49%) were male, the mean age was 17.7 years, and 13 (6%) were severely injured. For each survivor, 8 matched controls were drawn from the population-based Young-HUNT3 Study, conducted between 2006 and 2008, with a participation rate of 73%. Recurrent migraine and tension-type headache (TTH) over the past 3 months served as main outcomes and were measured 4 to 5 months after the mass shooting with a validated headache interview, in accordance with the International Classification of Headache Disorders.ResultsAfter exposure to terror, the odds ratio for migraine was 4.27 (95% confidence interval 2.54–7.17) and for TTH was 3.39 (95% confidence interval 2.22–5.18), as estimated in multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for injury, sex, age, family structure and economy, prior exposure to physical or sexual violence, and psychological distress. The observed increased risk of headache in survivors was related largely to an increase in weekly and daily headaches.ConclusionsExposure to terror increases risk of persistent weekly and daily migraine and TTH in adolescent survivors, above expected levels. The terrors of other violence may similarly increase the risk of frequent headaches. After severe psychological traumas, interventions may need to address survivors' pain to hinder chronification.

scholarly journals The Development of Marine Transportation System in Supporting Sustainable Tourism Case Study: Nusa Penida Island, Bali Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nyoman Nyoman Budiartha RM ◽  
Ida Bagus Putu Adnyana
Keyword(s):  
Site Selection ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Marine Transportation ◽  
Network Construction ◽  
Infrastructure Provision ◽  
The World ◽  
Good Potential

Bali Island is well-known tourist destination in the world. As well as Bali Island, several small islands amongst Bali Island such as Nusa Penida, Nusa Lembongan and Nusa Ceningan have good potential for tourist destination. Infrastructure for inter-islands transportation which is located in Southern Bali needs to be improved to support the economy in such region. Various issues are found in improving the infrastructure provision which is related to existing harbor infrastructure such as lack of support from the relevant institutional and port site selection. This study reviewed the factors considered in the development of infrastructure for marine transportation. Supports from relevant institutions, improved infrastructure, transportation network construction, and support then participation of local communities are the factors which can use as strategies and recommendation in strengthening the marine transportation.

Effect of particulate iron on tracking indoor PM2.5 of outdoor origin: A case study in Nanjing, China

2020 ◽  
pp. 1420326X1989914
Author(s):  
Zhitong Wang ◽  
Cong Liu ◽  
Qian Hua ◽  
Xiaohong Zheng ◽  
Wenjing Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
The World ◽  
Particulate Iron ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Indoor Pm2.5 ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

A tracer element can help distinguish between indoor PM2.5 of outdoor origin and that of indoor origin. PM2.5-associated iron has been proposed as a tracer element of PM2.5 in Beijing. This study aims to examine the effect of particulate iron on tracking indoor PM2.5 of outdoor origin in temporal and spatial scales. From July 2018 to March 2019, we collected 24 pairs of indoor and outdoor PM2.5 samples in Nanjing, China. We calculated a normalized ratio (ratio of indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratio of iron to that of PM2.5). Results show a mean ± SD of the normalized ratio of 1.0 ± 0.38. It suggests that particulate iron tracks PM2.5 well during outdoor-to-indoor transport on average. This tracking performance varies temporally. The mean ± SD of the normalized ratio is 0.79 ± 0.17 from July to December 2018 and 1.2 ± 0.41 in March. The results from studies published in different regions of the world over recent years show a mean normalized ratio of 0.88, 0.67, 1.3 and 0.8 in Asia, Europe, North America and South America, respectively, indicating the spatial heterogeneity of iron’s tracking effect. In comparison, sulphate appears to exhibit a less stable tracking effect than iron.

scholarly journals Efficacy of vocational education: a longitudinal analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-426
Author(s):  
Ronaldo de Albuquerque e Arraes ◽  
Francisca Zilania Mariano
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Education ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
World Literature ◽  
State School ◽  
The World ◽  
Student’S Performance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Matching Techniques

The impact of vocational schools on student’s performance is controversial in the world literature. Thus, this paper contributes to such debate by evaluating the performance of Vocational Education State School (VESS) students on secondary education exams in a case study for the state of Ceará (Brazil). This is done through matching techniques applied to a unique longitudinal database. Among the results, it is highlighted that the mean effect of the VESS treatment is positive and significant in all knowledge areas of the exams, especially in Writing, for which the effect of VESSs on student performance exceeded that of students from regular schools by 40%.

scholarly journals Desenvolvimento local em destinos turísticos alternativos: Estação Náutica de Avis (Alentejo - Portugal)

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-539
Author(s):  
Paula Reis ◽  
◽  
Ana Balão ◽  
Maria da Saudade Baltazar ◽  
Marcos Olímpio dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Development ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
World Cafe ◽  
The World ◽  
Local Stakeholders ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Participative Methodologies

The objective of this article is to present a case study focusing on local development strategies of nautical tourism, currently underway in an inland territory, in the municipality of Avis in the Alentejo region (Portugal). The necessary mobilisation and involvement of the local stakeholders, in the use and valorisation of their endogenous resources toward the construction of an integrated tourist product,in an alternative tourist destination, has been achieved through the application of the world café methodology, which in this case proved to be innovative and fruitful. The results achieved fostered inter‑knowledge and the formation of teams work‑ ing together in a four‑helix process, articulating several local products toward structuring the integrated tourist product – Avis Nautical Station. We have seen how participative methodologies assume a structuring role, critical to success in the development processes. The added value of this article consists in sharing these methodologies toward their incorporation in specific sectors of activity such as tourism and other areas of intervention.

Culture and the plasticity of perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lifshitz ◽  
T. M. Luhrmann
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
The World

Abstract Culture shapes our basic sensory experience of the world. This is particularly striking in the study of religion and psychosis, where we and others have shown that cultural context determines both the structure and content of hallucination-like events. The cultural shaping of hallucinations may provide a rich case-study for linking cultural learning with emerging prediction-based models of perception.

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