scholarly journals Response of rhizobial strains on biochemical traits and nutrient uptake in Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) under moisture stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sapna Yadav ◽  
Kamal Dutt Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Formation Stage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Rhizobial Isolate ◽  
Field Area

The present study was conducted to assess the biochemical responses and nutrient uptake in response to rhizobial inoculations in mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) subjected to drought stress, and to screen the rhizobial isolates for drought tolerance. A field experiment was designed in randomized block design and replicated three times during kharif season of 2016 at Crop Physiology Field Area, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The experiment consisted of two levels of treatments (1) without inoculation (only RDF) and (2) with inoculation (RDF with combination of five rhizobial strains viz. Vigna 703 + PSB strain P-36, MR 63, MR 54, MB 17a and MH 8b2) and two environments i.e. rainfed (no post sowing irrigation) and irrigated (irrigations each at pre-flowering and pod formation stage). Membrane stability index, leghaemoglobin content, chlorophyll content reduced by 17.7 %, 24.5% and 2.9% resp. under rainfed conditions while the plants inoculated with rhizobial isolate MR63 and MB 17a shows greater chlorophyll content (20.2% and 16.2%), LHb (29.1% and 22.9%) and MSI (19.4% and 17.9%) and enhanced nutrient uptake over RDF.

scholarly journals Serapan Hara N, P, K dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung Pada Berbagai Dosis Pupuk Anorganik dan Organik di Tanah Inceptisol

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Mulyati Mulyati ◽  
Baharuddin AB ◽  
R Sri Tejo Wulan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Inorganic And Organic

The use of inorganic fertilizers has an important role in increasing plant growth and production. But it also causes various problems such as decreasing soil organic matter, soil acidity, soil degradation, nutrient imbalance and increasing environmental pollution. Therefore, it needs to be balanced with the provision of organic fertilizers. A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of application of various doses of inorganic and organic fertilizers on N, P, K nutrient uptake and maize plant growth. The experimental design used was a randomized block design arranged in a factorial manner consisting of two factors. The first factor is the dose of inorganic fertilizer (A): 0, 150 and 300 kg ha-1 phonska and the second factor is organic fertilizer plus (P): 0, 10, 20 tons ha-1. The two factors were combined and each treatment combination was repeated three times. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance at the 5% level of significance. The results showed that there was no interaction between the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers on the growth and nutrient uptake of N, P and K. However, the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers had a significant effect on all tested agronomic traits except for plant height. Nutrient uptake of N, P and K also increased significantly due to the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers. The balance of inorganic and organic fertilizer application increases the availability of nutrients as well as the uptake of N, P, and K nutrients by maize plants.

Water use Efficient Sunflower Hybrids having Diverse Cytoplasmic Background

Helia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (71) ◽  
pp. 187-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikrant Tyagi ◽  
S. K. Dhillon
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Drought Resistant ◽  
Stress Susceptibility

Abstract A set of fifty two hybrids developed through line×tester breeding design were sown in randomized block design with three replications to evaluate their performance for seed yield under two environments (normal irrigation and water stress). Drought resistant indices and multivariate statistical analysis from the pooled data obtained from water stress and normal irrigated environments over the two years. Hybrid PRUN-29A × RCR-8297 (1.55) and 40A × P100R (1.55) had the largest stress tolerance index (STI) rate and hybrid ARG-2A × P69R the smallest rate (a high STI rate for the genotype represents its high drought resistance and its high yielding potential). Hybrid ARG-6A × P69R (2.41) had the largest extent (susceptible) of Stress susceptibility index (SSI), while hybrid E002-91 × RCR-8297 (0.13) had the least (resistant) extent a large extent of this index indicates the genotype susceptibility to drought. In terms of yield stability index (YSI), hybrid 40A × RCR-8297 (0.51) and ARG-6A × P69R (0.51) and hybrid ARG-2A × P69R (1.18) had the smallest and the largest rate respectively (genotypes with high YSI are expected to yield highly in stress conditions. Hybrid 40A × RCR-8297 (30.36) and PRUN-29A × P69R (−10.07) displayed the least and the most amount of tolerance index (TOL) index, a high amount of TOL is a sign of genotype susceptibility to stress. Hybrid PRUN-29A × P69R (1.53) displayed the least extent of yield index (YI), while hybrid ARG-6A × P69R (0.51) and 40A × RCR-8297 (0.51) displayed the highest extent.

EFICIÊNCIA DE BIOESTIMULANTES E FUNGICIDA NOS CARACTERES AGRONÔMICOS E ECONÔMICOS NA CULTURA DO MILHO VERDE

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
RICARDO FRANCISCHINI ◽  
ALESSANDRO GUERRA DA SILVA ◽  
DAURI JOSÉ TESSMANN
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Presence And Absence

 RESUMO - O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico e econômico na cultura do milho verde submetida ao uso de bioestimulantes na presença e ausência de fungicida. Dessa forma, dois experimentos foram conduzidos em anos distintos, em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com três repetições, em arranjo fatorial 4x2. O primeiro fator correspondeu à combinação de bioestimulantes (Ausência, MC Cream, MC Extra, MC Cream+MC Extra) e o segundo fator à presença e ausência de fungicida (piraclostrobina + epoxiconazole). Foi avaliado o peso de espigas verdes, a altura de plantas, diâmetro de colmo, teor de clorofila e severidade de doenças, além da viabilidade econômica dos tratamentos. Os Bioestimulantes, na ausência de fungicida, foram eficientes para aumentar o peso das espigas verdes, altura de plantas, e o teor de clorofila. Na presença do fungicida os bioestimulantes aumentaram o diâmetro de colmo e reduziram a severidade de doenças. Os investimentos em insumos elevaram os custos de produção, porém a rentabilidade foi compensada pelo aumento da renda bruta. Em situação de baixa disponibilidade hídrica, o bioestimulante MC Extra foi o mais viável economicamente para a cultura do milho verde.Palavras-chave: fitossanidade, produtividade, renda líquida, Zea mays L. EFFICIENCY OF BIOSTIMULANTS AND FUNGICIDE IN THE AGRONOMIC AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERS OF GREEN CORN  ABSTRACT – The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic and economic performance of the green corn crop, subjected to the use of biostimulants in the presence and absence of fungicide. Two experiments were conducted in different years using a randomized block design with three replications, in a 4x2 factorial arrangement. The first factor corresponded to the combination of biostimulants (Absence, MC Cream, MC Extra, MC Cream + MC Extra) and the second factor was the presence and absence of fungicide (pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole). Green ear weight, plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll content and severity of diseases were evaluated, as well as the economic viability of the treatments.In the absence of fungicide, biostimulants were efficient to increase the green ear weight, plant height, and chlorophyll content. In the presence of the fungicide, biostimulants increased stem diameter and reduced disease severity. Investments in inputs increased production costs, but profitability was offset by the increase in gross income. In a situation of low water availability, the biostimulant MC Extra was the most economically viable for the green maize crop.Keywords: plant health, productivity, net income, Zea mays L.

scholarly journals Hydrocooling on postharvest conservation of butter lettuce

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane FM França ◽  
Welington S Ribeiro ◽  
Fernanda C Silva ◽  
Lucas C Costa ◽  
Elizanilda R Rêgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Cold Chamber

Lettuce is a vegetable highly susceptible to water loss, which reduces its shelf life and increases the final cost to the consumer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of hydrocooling on the postharvest shelf life of butter lettuce 'Vitória de Santo Antão'. The lettuce heads, after selection, were subjected to the following treatments: T1= hydrocooling followed by storage at 5°C in the cold chamber; T2= storage in the cold chamber at 5°C without hydrocooling; T3= hydrocooling followed by storage at 22°C and T4= storage at 22°C without hydrocooling. We determined the shelf life, leaves mass loss, chlorophyll content, relative water content, total soluble sugars content, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars and starch. The data were analyzed in split plot in a randomized block design with four replications. The hydrocooling was effective in slowing down the visual wilting of the leaves at 5 and 22°C, extending the shelf life. The hydrocooling combined with storage at 5°C maintained the leaves water balance, keeping them hydrated during storage, causing an increase of 20% in the marketing of the product, from 5 days in lettuces without hydrocooling, to 6 days when these were subjected to hydrocooling. No effect of hydrocooling in the chlorophyll content, total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars and starch of leaves was observed in any of the storage temperatures. The hydrocooling at 4°C during 5 minutes, followed by storage at 5°C is an effective technique to maintain the leaves water balance, promoting longer shelf life.

scholarly journals Respon Pemupukan Terhadap Hasil dan Kualitas Hasil Salak Gula Pasir (Salacca zalacca cv. Gula Pasir) di Luar Musim Serta Kandungan Air Dan Klorofil Daun

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
NI MADE KESUMA DEWI ◽  
I NYOMAN RAI ◽  
I WAYAN WIRAATMAJA
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Short Time

Fertilization Response to Off-Season Production and Fruit Quality of Salak Gula Pasir (Salacca Zalacca cv. Gula Pasir) and water and Chlorophyll Content of Leaves. Naturally salak Gula Pasir (Salacca zalacca cv. Gula Pasir) flowers every three months a year, but only one to two seasons of the flowers can develop into fruit. Failure of flowers develop into fruit, usually call fruit-set failure, causes the fruits be available seasonally in a short time period, only 2-3 months a year, i.e. during the harvest time (on-season period) from December to February. This research aimed to know response of fertilization to off-season production and fruits quality of salak Gula Pasir and its ralatinship to water and chlorophyll content of leaves. The study used a randomized block design with the treatment was fertilization, consists of 14 levels (fertilized according farmers’ way with leaf midrib only/control, fertilized with compost, mycorrhizal biofertilizer, inorganic NPK, combination of farmers' way and compost, combination of farmers’ way and mycorrhizal biofertilizer,  combination of farmers' way and inorganic NPK, combination of compost and mycorrhizal biofertilizer,  combination of compost and inorganic NPK,  combination of mycorrhizal and inorganic NPK,  combination of farmers’ way, compost, and mycorrhizal biofertilizer,  combination of farmers’ way, compost, inorganic NPK,  combination of farmers’ way, mycorrhizal biofertilizer and inorganic NPK, and  combination of farmers’ way, compost, mycorrhizal biofertilizer, and inorganic NPK). Each treatment was repeated 3 times. The study was carried out in the off season period from April to Nopember 2018 at the production center of salak Gula Pasir plantation i.e. at Sibetan Village, Bebandem District, Karangasem Regency. The results showed that the highest fruit weight per tree at the off-season was obtained on combination of fertilization of farmers' way and mycorrhizal biofertilizer  (of 2536.67 g) and the lowest was on  control/fertilized according farmers’ way  (1,220.00 g). Fertilization with compost, mycorrhizal biofertilizer, and inorganic NPK singly, or by combining it, increases the quality of off-season fruit of salak Gula Pasir, reflected by the increase of weight per fruit, fruit diameter and fruit sweetness compared to control. The lower of yield per tree and quality of fruit on control compared to other fertilization treatments was relate to low relative water content and chlorophyll content of leaves.

scholarly journals Prunning technique and foliar fertilizer application to improve yield of pecco in fourth prunning year of tea plant

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muthia Syafika Haq ◽  
Adhi Irianto Mastur ◽  
Dr H Karyudi
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Tea Plant ◽  
The Other ◽  
Foliar Fertilizer ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Tea Production ◽  
Field Area ◽  
Better Than

Effect of prunning technique and foliar fertilizer application had been conducted to improve yield of pecco in the Research Institute for Tea and Cinchona experiment station, Gambung, Indonesia with altitude of 1.350 m above sea level, and with andysol soil type. The experiment was held from July to October 2015 in tea production field area containing 480 plants. The clone was GMB 7and was in the fourth prunning year, interval of plucking pecco was seven days. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with four treatments, replicated six times. Foliar fertilizer application was performed following every plucking. The results indicated that breaking apical dominance of tea short by 5 cm–10 cm of prunning above plucking table combined with foliar fertilizer application of N 1% and ZnSo<sub>4</sub> 2% + 0,1% of humic acid, could increase weight of pecco per plot in the first nine weeks of the prunning. This treatment was better than the other three. But the percentage of pecco shoots was low, lower than 50%, the weight of one pecco was also very low 0,7 g, indicating that the treatment of harvesting pecco in the fourth prunning year was not recomended to be practiced in improving yield of pecco.

scholarly journals The Effect of Biofertilizer and Inorganic Fertilizer Toward The Nutrient Uptake in Maize Plant (Zea mays l.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-225
Author(s):  
Yun Sondang ◽  
Khazy Anty ◽  
Ramond Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Maize Plant ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Experimental Field ◽  
Indigenous Microorganism ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Randomized Design

The productivity of land and plants have decreased slowly, due to the use of inorganic fertilizers continuously. Efforts to improve productivity are reducing inorganic fertilizers and returning organic matter to the soil. The aim of this research are (1) to identify the chemical characteristics of biofertilizer with an indigenous microorganism as bioactivators and (2) to study the effect of biofertilizer on nutrient uptake of maize plant. The research was conducted at Laboratory, Greenhouse, and Experimental Field of Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Payakumbuh, West Sumatra Indonesia. The first step experiment in the Laboratory was produced indigenous microorganism from banana humps. The second step of making bio-fertilizers in Greenhouse used a Completely Randomized Design with four treatments of indigenous microorganism (IMO) level 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% in biofertilizer with five replications. The third step of biofertilizer application on the Experimental Field used Randomized Block Design Factorial arranged with two factors and three replications, the first factor IMO level in biofertilizer (M) 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and the second factor was the dosage of inorganic fertilizer (P) 0%, 50%, 100% of the recommended dosage, 12 combinations of treatments were obtained. Results showed that microbe consortium (Enterobacter cloacae, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Aspergillus niger, and Trichoderma asperellum) in biofertilizers with different levels would affect the chemical characteristics of biofertilizer. Biofertilizers influences nutrient uptake of P and K maize plant, while inorganic fertilizer influences nutrient uptake of N and P maize plant.

scholarly journals Instability of the expression of morphological and phenological descriptors to environmental variation in white oat

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 683
Author(s):  
Jossana Santos ◽  
Simone Meredith Scheffer-Basso ◽  
Nadia Canali Lângaro ◽  
Sandra Patussi Brammer
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Stability

Morphological and phenological characters are used in the selection, breeding, and description of plant varieties with varying genotypes. The stability of these descriptors in the face of environmental changes can determine their usefulness in situations where plant varieties must be reliably identified. The objective of this study was to verify the expression of morphological and phenological descriptors and use them to distinguish between white oat cultivars (Avena sativa L.) in two growing periods. For this, five cultivars, protected and belonging to four breeders, referred to as G1, G2, G3, G4, and G5, were sown in the typical growing season in southern Brazil (autumn-winter) and outside that period (winter-spring), and grown for forty days. The experiment was established in the field, in a randomized block design replicated three times. The cultivars were evaluated for 42 descriptors (15 quantitative and 27 qualitative). Quantitative data were analyzed by analysis of variance, the comparison of averages, and multivariate analysis by generating average euclidean distances. Qualitative data were analyzed by mode determination, followed by obtaining the similarity index. The relationship between cultivars was illustrated by dendrograms. The stability index for each descriptor was calculated. A genotype x environment interaction was observed for 28 descriptors. The stability of descriptor appearance and persistence over the growing season was higher in qualitative (44%) than in quantitative (7%) descriptors. The most stable qualitative descriptors were lemma color, hairiness of the upper node, flag leaf position, hairiness of the base of the grain, basal grain length, and rachilla length. The most stable quantitative descriptor was flag leaf length. Shifting the white oat growing season from autumn-winter to winter-spring reduced the cycle and modified the expression of most descriptors by changing the phenotypic distinctness between cultivars.

THE EFFECT OF ADDITIVE COMBINATION AND Azotobacter sp. TOWARDS Glycine max. L. GROWTH

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-107
Author(s):  
Yunia Vella Alfani ◽  
Pudjawati Suryatmana ◽  
Ade Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Additive Materials

This study was aimed at determining the increasing of growth and production of soybean crops by giving Azotobacter sp. and additive materials such as coconut water, molasses, and bran. This research was conducted on Januari 2018 to April 2018 at Ciparanje Experimental Field Faculty of Agriculture. Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java Province, on ± 774 meters above sea level (asl) using single factor randomized block design with 10 treatments; Azotobacter sp. and additive materials combination such as coconut water, molasses, and bran in three repetitions. The observations on the parameters observed in the final vegetative phase were on plant height, chlorophyll content, and population of Azotobacter sp. using Total Plate Count (TPC) method.The results show that the application of combination additives materials and Azotobacter sp. effect on populations Azotobacter sp., chlorophyll content, plant height and number of soybean pods (Glycine max L.). Application of coconut water independently, water added with Azotobacter sp., and combination of additive with Azotobacter sp. can give the best effect to the content of chlorophyll, plant height, and soybean crops components (Glycine max. L.).PENGARUH KOMBINASI BAHAN ADITIF DAN Azotobacter sp. TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Glycine max. L.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kedelai dengan memberikan Azotobacter sp. dan aditif air kelapa, molase, serta dedak. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Januari 2018-April 2018 di Kebun Percobaan Ciparanje Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Jawa Barat pada ± 774 meter di atas permukaan laut (dpl). Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 10 perlakuan pemberian Azotobacter sp. dan aditif air kelapa, molase, serta dedak dengan tiga ulangan. Pengamatan terhadap parameter yang diamati pada fase vegetatif akhir yaitu tinggi tanaman, kandungan klorofil, dan populasi Azotobacter sp. dengan metode Total Plate Count (TPC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aplikasi kombinasi bahan aditif dan penambahan pupuk hayati Azotobacter sp. berpengaruh terhadap populasi Azotobacter sp., kadar klorofil, tinggi tanaman dan jumlah polong tanaman kedelai (Glycine max L.). Aplikasi air kelapa secara mandiri, air kelapa yang ditambahkan dengan Azotobacter sp., dan kombinasi bahan aditif dengan Azotobacter sp. dapat memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap kandungan klorofil, tinggi tanaman, dan komponen hasil tanaman kedelai (Glycine max. L.). 

Growth, productivity and nutrient uptake of aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.) as influenced by different nutrient management practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Kalyan Jana ◽  
Ramyajit Mondal ◽  
GK Mallick
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Treated Plot

A field experiment was undertaken to study the effect of nutrient management on rice cv. Puspa (IET-17509) during pre-kharif season of 2013 and 2014. The experiment was conducted at Rice Research Station, Bankura with eleven different nutrient management practices i.e., N1 = N, P2O5, K2O @ 60, 30, 30 kg ha-1 (RDF);N2 = RDF + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t ha-1; N3 = RDF + FYM @ 5 t ha-1 ; N4 = FYM @ 5 t ha-1, N5 = Vermicompost @ 2.5 t ha-1 ; N6 = RDF + glyricidia (well decomposed) as green manure @ 3 t ha-1; N7 = RDF + ZnSO4 @ 20 kg ha-1 N8 = RDF + borax @ 2 kg ha-1 ; N9 = RDF + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t ha-1 + ZnSO4 @ 20 kg ha-1 ; N10 = RDF +Vermicompost @ 2.5 t ha-1 + borax @ 2 kg ha-1 ; N11 = RDF + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t ha-1 + ZnSO4 @ 20 kg ha-1 + borax @ 2 kg ha-1 respectively in randomized block design comprising of three replications. The result of experiment revealed that rice plot fertilized with the combination of NPK @ 60:30:30 + VC + ZnSO4@ 20 kg ha-1 + borax @ 2 kg ha-1 recorded the highest grain yield of 4.45 t ha-1 which was 56.69 % higher (2.84 t ha-1) than the FYM treated plot. Organic substitution by FYM and vermicompost (VC) had failed to register the significant impact on growth, yield and nutrient uptake. Nutrient uptake and residual nutrient status was also highest in NPK @ 60:30:30 kg ha-1 + VC @ 2.5 t ha-1 + ZnSO4 @ 20 kg ha-1+ borax @ 2 kg ha-1 fertilized plot.

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