scholarly journals Vaccine-Hesitant Parents' Considerations Regarding Covid-19 Vaccination of Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erga Atad ◽  
Itamar Netzer ◽  
Orr Peleg ◽  
Keren Landsman ◽  
Dalyot Keren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vaccine Efficacy ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Short Development Time ◽  
Vaccine Promotion

Introduction: Israel led a rapid vaccine rollout against COVID-19, leading to a local remission of the epidemic and rolling back of most public health measures. Further vaccination of 12-15-year-olds may be hindered by public perceptions of the necessity and safety of vaccination. Methods: we examined the considerations of vaccine hesitant parents (VHPs) regarding vaccination of children against COVID-19. The responses of 456 parents were surveyed and analyzed before FDA authorization of vaccination of children. Results: parents who were vaccinated against COVID-19 were more likely to intend to vaccinate their children (r=-0.466, p<0.01). Low accessibility of vaccination may be a dissuading factor for VHPs more inclined to vaccinate. Vaccine efficacy and gaining a "Green Pass" were positively associated with an intention to vaccinate and statistically significant. VHPs inclined not to vaccinate indicated short development time and possible long term effects as dissuading factors. Discussion: vaccine promotion should be tailored for VHPs' positive and negative considerations for higher uptake.

scholarly journals Long-term effects of public health insurance on the health of children in Mexico: a retrospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. e1448-e1457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Celhay ◽  
Sebastian Martinez ◽  
Matias Muñoz ◽  
Michelle Perez ◽  
Ricardo Perez-Cuevas
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Public Health Insurance ◽  
Long Term Effects

scholarly journals Perchance to Dream: Pathology, Pharmacology, and Politics in a 24-Hour Economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-305
Author(s):  
IAIN BRASSINGTON
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Share Price ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Health It ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Lack Of Sleep

Abstract:The lack of sleep is a significant problem in the modern world. The structure of the economy means that 24 hour working is required from some of us, sometimes because we are expected to be able to respond to share-price fluctuations on the other side of the planet, sometimes because we are expected to serve kebabs to people leaving nightclubs, and sometimes because lives depend on it. The immediate effect is that we feel groggy; but there may be much more sinister long-term effects of persistent sleep deprivation and disruption, the evidence for which is significant, and worth taking seriously. If sleeplessness has a serious impact on health, it represents a notable public health problem. In this article, I sketch that problem, and look at how exploiting the pharmacopoeia (or a possible future pharmacopoeia) might allow us to tackle it. I also suggest that using drugs to mitigate or militate against sleeplessness is potentially morally and politically fraught, with implications for social justice. Hence, whatever reasons we have to use drugs to deal with the problems of sleeplessness, we ought to be careful.

The Cost of Austerity Policies for Public Health

2018 ◽  
Vol 117 (802) ◽  
pp. 310-314
Author(s):  
Aaron Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Health And Well Being

[S]hort-term policy changes can have long-term effects on the health and well-being of the population.

scholarly journals Mit tudunk az e-cigaretta káros hatásairól?

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (45) ◽  
pp. 1767-1773
Author(s):  
László Béla Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
New Public Health ◽  
New Public

Abstract: Electronic cigarettes are becoming increasingly popular with smokers worldwide. This has created an entirely new public health dilemma. The central issue in the debate is the disease risk imposed by e-cigarettes. It is generally acknowledged that e-cigarettes are unlikely to be as harmful as conventional cigarettes, but there are little data that quantify their relative harms. Experiments in cell cultures and animal studies show that e-cigarettes can have multiple negative effects. Scientific evidence regarding their human acute health effects is limited. The long term effects in humans are unknown, and there is no evidence that e-cigarettes are safer than tobacco in the long term. This review higlights the recent data regarding e-cigarettes toxicity impact on lung and cardiovascular system. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(45): 1767–1773.

scholarly journals Individually Optimal Choices can be Collectively Disastrous in COVID-19 Disease Control

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madison Stoddard ◽  
Debra Van Egeren ◽  
Kaitlyn Johnson ◽  
Smriti Rao ◽  
Josh Furgeson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Complete Suppression ◽  
Natural Immunity ◽  
Endemic Disease ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: The word ‘pandemic’ conjures dystopian images of bodies stacked in the streets and societies on the brink of collapse. Despite this frightening picture, denialism and noncompliance with public health measures are common in the historical record, for example during the 1918 Influenza pandemic or the 2015 Ebola epidemic. The unique characteristics of SARS-CoV-2—its high basic reproduction number (R0), time-limited natural immunity and considerable potential for asymptomatic spread—exacerbate the public health repercussions of noncompliance with interventions (such as vaccines and masks) to limit disease transmission. Our work explores the rationality and impact of noncompliance with COVID-19 disease control measures. Methods: In this work, we used game theory to explore when noncompliance confers a perceived benefit to individuals. We then used epidemiological modeling to predict the impact of noncompliance on control of COVID-19, demonstrating that the presence of a noncompliant subpopulation prevents suppression of disease spread. Results: Our modeling demonstrating that noncompliance is a Nash equilibrium under a broad set of conditions, and that the existence of a noncompliant population can result in extensive endemic disease in the long-term after a return to pre-pandemic social and economic activity. Endemic disease poses a threat for both compliant and noncompliant individuals; all community members are protected if complete suppression is achieved, which is only possible with a high degree of compliance. For interventions that are highly effective at preventing disease spread, however, the consequences of noncompliance are borne disproportionately by noncompliant individuals. Conclusions: In sum, our work demonstrates the limits of free-market approaches to compliance with disease control measures during a pandemic. The act of noncompliance with disease intervention measures creates a negative externality, rendering COVID-19 disease control ineffective in the short term and making complete suppression impossible in the long term. Our work underscores the importance of developing effective strategies for prophylaxis through public health measures aimed at complete suppression and the need to focus on compliance at a population level.

scholarly journals Um estudo bibliométrico sobre a pesquisa operacional aplicada à sustentabilidade ## A bibliometric study on operational research applied to sustainability

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Hugo Souza De Abreu ◽  
Marina Leite de Barros Baltar ◽  
Andrea Souza Santos
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Operational Research ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Bibliometric Study ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Bibliometric Approach

ResumoA sustentabilidade está sendo cada vez mais vista como uma possível solução para os problemas decorrentes, principalmente, da ação humana no meio ambiente. Entretanto, para que seus efeitos sejam observados à longo prazo faz-se necessário que sejam utilizadas abordagens como a Pesquisa Operacional (PO) que busca solucionar, ou pelo menos minimizar, problemas reais e complexos, fornecendo apoio aos tomadores de decisão. Nesse sentido, este estudo busca realizar uma revisão da literatura com abordagem bibliométrica que tem como objetivo identificar estudos que utilizam a PO aplicada à sustentabilidade. Para obter e compilar as informações, foram utilizados os bancos de dados do Web of Science™, que apresenta alcance e cobertura satisfatórios. Os resultados mostram, por exemplo, que o assunto, embora antigo, continua em expansão, sendo publicados estudos em periódicos com elevada relevância científica. Além disso, nota-se que a utilização da PO é uma importante estratégia de suporte aos tomadores de decisão brasileiros de diversas áreas do conhecimento tais como saúde pública, gerenciamento urbano e rural e engenharia para promoção da sustentabilidade. AbstractSustainability is increasingly being seen as a possible solution to problems arising mainly from human action on the environment. However, for its long-term effects to be observed, it is necessary to use approaches such as Operational Research (OR) which seeks to solve, or at least minimize, real and complex problems, providing support to decision makers. Thus, this study conducts a literature review with a bibliometric approach that aims to identify studies that use the OR applied to sustainability. To obtain and compile the data, we used Web of Science ™ databases, which have satisfactory range and coverage. The results show, for example, that the despite being an old subject, it is still expanding, with studies published in journals with high scientific relevance. In addition, it is noted that the use of OR is an important strategy to support Brazilian decision makers from various areas of knowledge such as public health, urban and rural management, and engineering to promote sustainability.

An epidemiological evaluation of a public health measure aimed at reducing the availability of methylamphetamine

1972 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. de Alarcón
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Social Factor ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Abnormal Behaviour ◽  
Public Health Measure ◽  
Health Measure ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Epidemiological Evaluation

SynopsisThis paper attempts to show how a public health measure, by reducing production and withdrawing methylamphetamine (Methedrine) from retail pharmacists, dramatically affected the prevalence of its abuse in a provincial population. This measure coincided with the midpoint of a four-year survey into drug abuse which was being carried out in that area. This opportune timing created a natural experiment whereby it became possible to observe and measure the short- and long-term effects of a single social factor on one form of abnormal behaviour.

scholarly journals 9/11 Health Update

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6383
Author(s):  
James E. Cone ◽  
Albeliz Santiago-Colón ◽  
Roberto Lucchini
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
World Trade Center ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
World Trade Center Disaster ◽  
Trade Center

This Special Issue of the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is dedicated to increasing the scientific information available about the long-term effects of exposure to the 2001 World Trade Center disaster [...]

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