scholarly journals Towards a system-level causative knowledge of pollinator communities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serguei Saavedra ◽  
Ignasi Bartomeus ◽  
Oscar Godoy ◽  
Rudolf Philippe Rohr ◽  
Pengjuan Zu
Keyword(s):  
Species Interactions ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Causal Analysis ◽  
System Level ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Road Map

Pollination plays a central role both in the maintenance of biodiversity and in crop production. However, habitat loss, pesticides, invasive species, and larger environmental fluctuations are contributing to a dramatic decline of numerous pollinators world-wide. This has increased the need for interventions to protect the composition, functioning, and dynamics of pollinator communities. Yet, how to make these interventions successful at the system level remains extremely challenging due to the complex nature of species interactions and the various unknown or unmeasured confounding ecological factors. Here, we propose that this knowledge can be derived by following a probabilistic causal analysis of pollinator communities. This analysis implies the inference of interventional expectations from the integration of observational and synthetic data. We propose that such synthetic data can be generated using theoretical models that can enable the tractability and scalability of unseen confounding ecological factors affecting the behavior of pollinator communities. We discuss a road map for how this probabilistic causal analysis can be accomplished to increase our system-level causative knowledge of natural communities.

scholarly journals Mediterranean-climate oak savannas: the interplay between abiotic environment and species interactions

Web Ecology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Marañón ◽  
F. I. Pugnaire ◽  
R. M. Callaway
Keyword(s):  
Species Interactions ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Mediated Effects ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
Oak Savannas ◽  
Herbaceous Community

Abstract. Mediterranean oak savannas cover about 4 million ha in California (northwest America) and 3 million ha in Spain and Portugal (southwest Europe), and are ecologically and socio-economically important systems. Here we review literature on the interactions between the two dominant elements of savannas – the oak overstorey, the herbaceous understorey, and the surrounding grassland matrix. We focus on the main ecological factors affecting the oak understorey environment: shade, soil moisture, soil nutrients, and animal-mediated effects. We then review the main features of the herbaceous community in the oak understorey, as compared to the adjacent open grassland, in terms of species composition, biomass, diversity, and soil seed bank. We examine processes associated with oak regeneration and growth, and their relationships with the herbaceous layer and other woody plants cover. Finally, we discuss the complex facilitative and interference interactions that occur in oak-grassland systems and review models proposed to explain the dynamics and coexistence of oak trees and herbaceous plants in savannas.

The IFLA Global Vision Project in Zimbabwe: Towards a Unified Field Road Map for Libraries

Mousaion ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Collence Takaingenhamo Chisita ◽  
Nyarai Patience Chibanda
Keyword(s):  
Economic Transformation ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Road ◽  
Unified Field ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Library Associations ◽  
Global Vision ◽  
Library Profession

The development of libraries in any country is critical for its socio-economic transformation especially during this 21st century era where access to information and knowledge underpins development. The International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) launched the Global Vision Project in 2017 as a way of strengthening library throughout the world. The project has seen over 190 countries participating worldwide. For most nations, especially those in the developing countries, this has indeed created platforms for strong and united library associations that are powering literate, informed and participative societies. A number of countries in Africa including Zimbabwe have taken the initiatives to participate in the IFLA Global Vision. This article seeks to examine the challenges and opportunities   for librarians in Zimbabwe in building a united library field. It will also scrutinize the road travelled by librarians in Zimbabwe in their pursuit of a vision to reposition their libraries on the global library landscape. The   article will also study the factors affecting the development of a unified library sector in Zimbabwe. It will also explore how the national professional association Zimbabwe Library Association (ZIMLA) can contribute towards a unified library profession through collaboration. The article also proposes a strategy to enhance cooperation among librarians in Zimbabwe.

Exploring the Ecological Factors Affecting the Employment of People with Disabilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-93
Author(s):  
Young-soo Kim ◽  
◽  
Su-yon Kim ◽  
Won-sup Ryu ◽  
Soo-eun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Factors ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Improving Drought Tolerance in Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek): Morpho-Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Perspectives

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1534
Author(s):  
Chandra Mohan Singh ◽  
Poornima Singh ◽  
Chandrakant Tiwari ◽  
Shalini Purwar ◽  
Mukul Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
The Impact

Drought stress is considered a severe threat to crop production. It adversely affects the morpho-physiological, biochemical and molecular functions of the plants, especially in short duration crops like mungbean. In the past few decades, significant progress has been made towards enhancing climate resilience in legumes through classical and next-generation breeding coupled with omics approaches. Various defence mechanisms have been reported as key players in crop adaptation to drought stress. Many researchers have identified potential donors, QTLs/genes and candidate genes associated to drought tolerance-related traits. However, cloning and exploitation of these loci/gene(s) in breeding programmes are still limited. To bridge the gap between theoretical research and practical breeding, we need to reveal the omics-assisted genetic variations associated with drought tolerance in mungbean to tackle this stress. Furthermore, the use of wild relatives in breeding programmes for drought tolerance is also limited and needs to be focused. Even after six years of decoding the whole genome sequence of mungbean, the genome-wide characterization and expression of various gene families and transcriptional factors are still lacking. Due to the complex nature of drought tolerance, it also requires integrating high throughput multi-omics approaches to increase breeding efficiency and genomic selection for rapid genetic gains to develop drought-tolerant mungbean cultivars. This review highlights the impact of drought stress on mungbean and mitigation strategies for breeding high-yielding drought-tolerant mungbean varieties through classical and modern omics technologies.

scholarly journals Analysis of factors affecting IoT-based smart hospital design

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Banu Çalış Uslu ◽  
Ertuğ Okay ◽  
Erkan Dursun
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Healthcare Management ◽  
Hospital System ◽  
Intelligent Computing ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Hospital Design ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Smart Hospital

AbstractCurrently, rapidly developing digital technological innovations affect and change the integrated information management processes of all sectors. The high efficiency of these innovations has inevitably pushed the health sector into a digital transformation process to optimize the technologies and methodologies used to optimize healthcare management systems. In this transformation, the Internet of Things (IoT) technology plays an important role, which enables many devices to connect and work together. IoT allows systems to work together using sensors, connection methods, internet protocols, databases, cloud computing, and analytic as infrastructure. In this respect, it is necessary to establish the necessary technical infrastructure and a suitable environment for the development of smart hospitals. This study points out the optimization factors, challenges, available technologies, and opportunities, as well as the system architecture that come about by employing IoT technology in smart hospital environments. In order to do that, the required technical infrastructure is divided into five layers and the system infrastructure, constraints, and methods needed in each layer are specified, which also includes the smart hospital’s dimensions and extent of intelligent computing and real-time big data analytic. As a result of the study, the deficiencies that may arise in each layer for the smart hospital design model and the factors that should be taken into account to eliminate them are explained. It is expected to provide a road map to managers, system developers, and researchers interested in optimization of the design of the smart hospital system.

Ecological factors affecting gene flow in the Brachionus plicatilis complex (Rotifera)

Oecologia ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Africa Gómez ◽  
María José Carmona ◽  
Manuel Serra
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Brachionus Plicatilis ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen and Boron in Seed Yield and Yield Attributing Characters of Broccoli

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-544
Author(s):  
A. Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Major Nutrients ◽  
Pod Length

Plant nutrient is one of the limiting factors affecting crop production. Nitrogen and boron are major nutrients in case of broccoli. So, an experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of nitrogen and boron in seed yield and yield attributing characters of broccoli in Rampur, Chitwan during winter season. The experiment was laid out in factorial RCBD design with four levels of nitrogen and two levels of boron. Each plot consists of 25 plants which were separated by 60 * 60 cm spacing. There are altogether eight treatments replicates thrice. Local variety Calabrese was used.  Significant effect of different dose of nitrogen and boron on yield attributing characters was found. Also interactive effect of nitrogen and boron in number of pods, pod length, seed yield and number of seeds per pod was found significantly different.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(3): 541-544

scholarly journals Protocol for a quasi-experimental study examining the effect of a ball skills intervention on four domains of preschooler development

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Wu ◽  
Wichai Eungpinichpong ◽  
Hui Ruan ◽  
Xinding Zhang ◽  
Sansan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ball Skills

Abstract Background: Preschooler inactivity and insufficient motor development have serious long-term consequences. The Chinese Ministry of Education launched a nationwide football-focused pilot project aimed at kindergartens in 2019 and issued the policy “Notice on the Establishment of National Football Kindergartens” in 2020. However, the impact of fundamental movement skills (FMS) interventions on other aspects of child development is unclear. Aim: This study will evaluate the effects of ball skills physical education projects on the development of Chinese preschoolers’ physical, motor, cognitive, and social competencies and examine the influencing factors. Method: This is a quasi-experimental study evaluating how well the “Hello Sunshine” curriculum project promotes children’s development over 10 weeks. The trial will be conducted from September 2021 to November 2021 in 12 classes from 3 kindergartens with a total of 249 children aged 4 to 6 years in Haikou, China. Pre- and posttest analyses will include tests on participants’ physical fitness, FMS, cognitive self-regulation, and emotional competence. Participants’ background information will be collected through questionnaires answered by parents and teachers. The intervention will focus on game-based basic ball skills. Findings: If this intervention provides evidence that these skills improve children’s multidimensional development, it will support the promotion of similar programs in China. We will also outline the social-ecological factors affecting the intervention’s results, providing further information for improving pedagogical methods related to preschool ball skills.

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