scholarly journals A Retrospective Cohort Study of COVID-19 among Children in Fulton County, Georgia, March 2020 - June 2021

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe M Barrera ◽  
Mallory Hazell ◽  
Allison T Chamberlain ◽  
Neel R Ghandi ◽  
Udodirim Onwubiko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
School Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Notifiable Disease ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Disease Surveillance System ◽  
Percent Positivity

Objective: To describe case rates, testing rates, and percent positivity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among children aged 0-18 years by school-age grouping. Design: We abstracted data from Georgia's State Electronic Notifiable Disease Surveillance System on all 10,437 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases among children aged 0-18 years during March 30, 2020 to June 6, 2021. We examined case rates, testing rates, and percent positivity by school-aged groupings, namely: preschool (0-4 years), elementary school (5-10 years), middle school (11-13 years), and high school (14-18 years) and compared these data among school aged children to those in the adult population (19 years and older). Setting: Fulton County, Georgia. Main outcome measures: COVID-19 case rates, testing rates, and percent positivity. Results: Over time, the proportion of pediatric cases rose substantially from 1.1% (April 2020) to 21.6% (April 2021) of all cases in the county. Age-specific case rates and test rates were consistently highest among high-school aged children. Test positivity was similar across school-age groups, with periods of higher positivity among high-school aged children. Conclusions: Low COVID-19 testing rates among children, especially early in the pandemic, likely underestimate the true burden of disease in this age group. Despite children having lower measured incidence of COVID-19, we found when broader community incidence increased, incidence also increased among all pediatric age groups. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve, it remains critical to continue learning about the incidence and transmissibility of COVID-19 in children.

scholarly journals Retrospective cohort study of COVID-19 among children in Fulton County, Georgia, March 2020–June 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e001223
Author(s):  
Chloe M Barrera ◽  
Mallory Hazell ◽  
Allison T Chamberlain ◽  
Neel R Gandhi ◽  
Udodirim Onwubiko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
School Age ◽  
Notifiable Disease ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Disease Surveillance System ◽  
Percent Positivity ◽  
Paediatric Age

ObjectiveTo describe case rates, testing rates and percent positivity of COVID-19 among children aged 0–18 years by school-age grouping.DesignWe abstracted data from Georgia’s State Electronic Notifiable Disease Surveillance System on all 10 437 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases among children aged 0–18 years during 30 March 2020 to 6 June 2021. We examined case rates, testing rates and percent positivity by school-aged groupings, namely: preschool (0–4 years), elementary school (5–10 years), middle school (11–13 years), and high school (14–18 years) and compared these data among school-aged children with those in the adult population (19 years and older).SettingFulton County, Georgia.Main outcome measuresCOVID-19 case rates, testing rates and percent positivity.ResultsOver time, the proportion of paediatric cases rose substantially from 1.1% (April 2020) to 21.6% (April 2021) of all cases in the county. Age-specific case rates and test rates were consistently highest among high-school aged children. Test positivity was similar across school-age groups, with periods of higher positivity among high-school aged children.ConclusionsLow COVID-19 testing rates among children, especially early in the pandemic, likely underestimated the true burden of disease in this age group. Despite children having lower measured incidence of COVID-19, we found when broader community incidence increased, incidence also increased among all paediatric age groups. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve, it remains critical to continue learning about the incidence and transmissibility of COVID-19 in children.

scholarly journals Prevalence of measles antibody in children of different ages in Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 468-473
Author(s):  
A. Karimi ◽  
A. Arjomandi ◽  
A. Alborzi ◽  
M. Rasouli ◽  
M. R. Kadivar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
School Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Vaccine Failure ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran

An outbreak of measles due to secondary vaccine failure prompted this investigation into the prevalence of measles antibody in children. We studied 608 children in 7 different age groups:6, 9, 14 and 18 months and 6, 10 and 15 years. Children in the 2 youngest groups received no vaccination; the rest were vaccinated at 9 months and 15 months. The 15-year-old age group received an additional vaccination. Transplacental measles antibody [Ab] decreased from 10.0% at 6 months to 0% at 9 months. Measles Ab was positive in 52.9% [14 months], 89.4% [18 months], 60.8% 96 years], 45.0% [10 years] and 96.8% [15 years]. To increase Ab levels, a booster vaccination is recommended, administered either with the second DPT booster or at pre-high school age

Absence of Transfer in Unusual Uses Tests

1966 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilbert S. Ray
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Summer School ◽  
Positive Transfer ◽  
School Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
School Group

To produce weight responses to the word “screw-driver” in an Unusual Uses Test, the test was preceded by a test asking for uses of an electric iron. For the two groups, a high school age group, and a college summer school group, no evidence of positive transfer appeared.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF SMOKING IN ADULT POPULATION OF IRKUTSK

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 153-156
Author(s):  
Максикова ◽  
Tatyana Maksikova ◽  
Бабанская ◽  
Evgeniya Babanskaya ◽  
Меньшикова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Considerable Problem ◽  
The One

Smoking is a significant risk factor of chronic noncommunicable diseases. Smoking prevalence is variable in different populations. A study of the prevalence of this risk factor allows to estimate its contribution to the development of cardiovascular pathology, to plan the necessary amount of medical care for people using tobacco, and to determine the effectiveness of prevention activities in the region. As a result of the study, smoking frequency in population of the Irkutsk region older 18years of age or over was established as 29.5%. The number of smokers increased with age, reaching maximum value of 38.6% in the group 30–39 years. Male smokers made maximum in the age group 30–39 years, women – in the age group of 18–19 years. The average age of smokers was 34 years, the one of nonsmokers – 43 years. The age difference was 9 years, and it was lower in the group of men than in the group of women (5 and 11 years, respectively). The number of the smoking men were 3 times larger, than women: 50.2% and 13.5%, respectively. Among persons with arterial hypertension, 22.1% were smoking with the maximum frequency of smoking in age groups from 20 to 49 years. These figures point to a considerable problem of smoking in the region.

scholarly journals Tularemia transmission to humans: a multifaceted surveillance approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (16) ◽  
pp. 2139-2145 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Akhvlediani ◽  
I. Burjanadze ◽  
D. Baliashvili ◽  
T. Tushishvili ◽  
M. Broladze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Notifiable Disease ◽  
Surveillance Studies ◽  
Disease Surveillance System ◽  
Acute Infections ◽  
System 2 ◽  
Incident Cases

AbstractTularemia has sustained seroprevalence in Eurasia, with estimates as high as 15% in endemic regions. The purpose of this report is to characterise the current epidemiology of Francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica in Georgia. Three surveillance activities are summarised: (1) acute infections captured in Georgia's notifiable disease surveillance system, (2) infectious disease seroprevalence study of military volunteers, and (3) a study of seroprevalence and risk factors in endemic regions. Descriptive analyses of demographic, exposure and clinical factors were conducted for the surveillance studies; bivariate analyses were computed to identify risk factors of seropositivity using likelihood ratio χ2 tests or Fisher's exact tests. Of the 19 incident cases reported between 2014 and August 2017, 10 were confirmed and nine met the presumptive definition; the estimated annual incidence was 0.12/100 000. The first cases of tularemia in Western Georgia were reported. Seroprevalences of antibodies for F. tularensis were 2.0% for military volunteers and 5.0% for residents in endemic regions. Exposures correlated with seropositivity included work with hay and contact with multiple types of animals. Seroprevalence studies conducted periodically may enhance our understanding of tularemia in countries with dramatically underestimated incidence rates.

scholarly journals Analyzing the Mental Health of Students in Dealing with the Coronavirus Disease Pandemic (Covid-19)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Chamdani ◽  
Umi Mahmudah ◽  
Siti Fatimah
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High School ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
School Senior ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Learning At Home ◽  
At Home

This study aims to analyze mental health and anxiety levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study focused on students who were forced to study at home by e-learning. This study used as many as 210 students from junior high school, senior high school, and university levels which were selected randomly. Then, this study used a mixed-method by combining quantitative and qualitative approaches. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to obtain empirical results to compare mental health and anxiety levels based on student age groups. The analysis results revealed there was a positive and significant influence of the students’ age group on mental health and anxiety levels during the outbreak of COVID-19. The analysis also concluded that students in the 12-15 years’ age group had the worst mental health level. Meanwhile, students in the 20-25 years’ age group are known to have the lowest anxiety level. Overall, this study found that Indonesian students experienced a decline in mental health and detected an increase in anxiety levels. The level of mental health and student anxiety has implications for their learning at home, which can lead to unsatisfactory learning outcomes.

scholarly journals Comparing Acute Symptoms and Recovery Time Following Sports-Related Concussion Across School Age Groups

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 774-774
Author(s):  
T Tarkenton ◽  
C Presley ◽  
N Didehbani ◽  
C H Silver ◽  
C M Cullum
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
School Age ◽  
Early Elementary ◽  
General Anxiety Disorder ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
The North ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Recovery Times

Abstract Purpose Despite considerable research on pediatric sports-related concussion (SRC), few studies have analyzed groups from school-age through young adulthood. This study aimed to examine acute symptoms (i.e., emotional, physical, and cognitive) and recovery times across this age range. Methods Participants age 5–25 with SRC (n=611) presented to concussion clinics in the North Texas Concussion Registry within 2 weeks of injury. Subjects were stratified into 4 age groups: early elementary (age 5-9; n=19), late elementary (10–13; n=181), high school (14-17; n=384), and college (18-25; n=39). The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), General Anxiety Disorder-7 Item Scale (GAD-7), and concussion symptom log (Sx log), were administered. ANOVA was used to compare symptom scores and recovery times across groups. Results Differences were found on PHQ-9 scores (p=.05), with the early elementary and high school groups reporting significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms than the late elementary and college groups. No differences were seen on GAD-7 scores. Differences in Sx log severity scores were nonsignificant (p=.09), although scores increased with age (early: M=21.4, late=25.7, high school=30.0, college=35.5). Lastly, recovery time differed across groups (p=.008), with early elementary participants having the longest recovery (M=8.3 days) and the college group having the shortest (M=5.1 days). Conclusion Older age groups reported higher levels of acute post-concussion symptoms and more rapid recovery compared to younger age groups, suggesting that symptomatology and recovery time vary developmentally and the effects of age warrant consideration in young athletes.

scholarly journals Changes in the epidemiology of hepatitis A in three socio-economic regions of China, 1990–2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Jin Sun ◽  
Guo-Min Zhang ◽  
Rong-Jun Zhou ◽  
Hui Zheng ◽  
Ning Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Notifiable Disease ◽  
Expanded Program On Immunization ◽  
Economic Regions ◽  
Economic Transitions ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequity

Abstract Background Hepatitis A (HepA) vaccination and economic transitions can change the epidemiology of HepA. China’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita was known to be inversely associated with the incidence of HepA, but a deeper understanding of the epidemiology of HepA in different socio-economic regions is lacking. We compare the changing epidemiology of HepA in three socioeconomic-geographic regions of China. Methods We obtained data on all HepA cases reported through the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System and assessed trends and changes in age-specific incidence rates by age quartile and season. We categorized the country into three regions, the sequential years into five era, compared the incidence, quartile age, seasonal intensity and coverage of HepA of the three regions. Linear regression was performed to analyse trends in incidence of HepA and to analyse the association between coverage and incidence. Results The annual mean incidences of HepA in the eastern, central, and western regions decreased from 63.52/100 000, 50.57/100 000 and 46.39/100 000 in 1990–1992 to 1.18/100 000, 1.05/100 000 and 3.14/100 000 in 2012–2017, respectively. Decreases in incidence were seen in all age groups in the three regions; the incidence was highest (9.3/100 000) in the youngest age group (0–4 years) of the western region, while in the central region, the age group with the highest incidence changed from 0 to 9 years to adults ≥60 years old. In 2017, the median age of HepA cases was 43 years (Q1–Q3: 33–55), 47 years (Q1–Q3: 32–60) and 33 years (Q1–Q3: 9–52) in the eastern, central, and western provinces, respectively. Seasonal peaks became smaller or were nearly elimination nationwide, but seasonality persisted in some provinces. After the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) included HepA vaccine into the routine schedule in 2007, HepA coverage increased to > 80% in the three regions and was negatively association with the HepA incidence. Conclusion The incidence of HepA decreased markedly between 1990 and 2017. A socioeconomic inequity in coverage of HepA vaccine was almost eliminated after HepA vaccine was introduced into China’s EPI system, but inequity in incidence still existed in lower socio-economic developed region.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document