scholarly journals Changes in antidepressant use in Australia: A nationwide analysis prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2015-2021)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana de Oliveira Costa ◽  
Malcolm B. Gilles ◽  
Andrea L Schaffer ◽  
David Peiris ◽  
Helga Zoega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
First Year ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Differential Impact ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Health Burden ◽  
Annual Prevalence ◽  
Antidepressant Use

Background: Depression and anxiety affect 4% to 14% of Australians every year; symptoms may have been exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined recent patterns of antidepressant use in Australia in the period 2015 to 2021, which includes the first year of the pandemic. Methods: We used national dispensing claims for people aged ≥10 years to investigate annual trends in prevalent and new antidepressant use (no antidepressants dispensed in the year prior). We conducted stratified analyses by sex, age group and antidepressant class. We report outcomes from 2015 to 2019 and used time series analysis to quantify changes during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020 to February 2021). Results: In 2019 the annual prevalence of antidepressant use was 170.4 per 1,000 women and 101.8 per 1,000 men, an increase of 7.0% and 9.2% from 2015, respectively. New antidepressant use also increased for both sexes (3.0% for women and 4.9% for men) and across most age groups, particularly among adolescents (aged 10-17 years; 46%-57%). During the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, we observed higher than expected prevalent use (+2.2%, 95%CI 0.3%, 4.2%) among females, corresponding to a predicted excess of 45,217 (95%CI 5,819, 84,614) females dispensed antidepressants. The largest increases during the first year of the pandemic occurred among female adolescents for both prevalent (+11.7%, 95%CI 4.1%, 20.5%) and new antidepressant use (+15.6%, 95%CI 8.5%, 23.7%). Conclusion: Antidepressant use continues to increase in Australia overall and especially among young people. We found a differential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in treated depression and anxiety, greater among females than males, and greater among young females than other age groups, suggesting an increased mental health burden in populations already on a trajectory of increased use of antidepressants prior to the pandemic. Reasons for these differences require further investigation.

scholarly journals A first-year dornase alfa treatment impact on clinical parameters of patients with cystic fibrosis: the Brazilian cystic fibrosis multicenter study

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Rozov ◽  
Fernando Antônio A. e Silva ◽  
Maria Angélica Santana ◽  
Fabíola Villac Adde ◽  
Rita Heloisa Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
First Year ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Emergency Room Visits ◽  
Dornase Alfa ◽  
Pulmonary Exacerbations ◽  
One Year

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical impact of the first year treatment with dornase alfa, according to age groups, in a cohort of Brazilian Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients. METHODS: The data on 152 eligible patients, from 16 CF reference centers, that answered the medical questionnaires and performed laboratory tests at baseline (T0), and at six (T2) and 12 (T4) months after dornase alfa initiation, were analyzed. Three age groups were assessed: six to 11, 12 to 13, and >14 years. Pulmonary tests, airway microbiology, emergency room visits, hospitalizations, emergency and routine treatments were evaluated. Student's t-test, chi-square test and analysis of variance were used when appropriated. RESULTS: Routine treatments were based on respiratory physical therapy, regular exercises, pancreatic enzymes, vitamins, bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and antibiotics. In the six months prior the study (T0 phase), hospitalizations for pulmonary exacerbations occurred in 38.0, 10.0 and 61.4% in the three age groups, respectively. After one year of intervention, there was a significant reduction in the number of emergency room visits in the six to 11 years group. There were no significant changes in forced expiratory volume in one second (VEF1), in forced vital capacity (FVC), in oxygen saturation (SpO2), and in Tiffenau index for all age groups. A significant improvement in Shwachman-Kulczychi score was observed in the older group. In the last six months of therapy, chronic or intermittent colonization by P. aeruginosa was detected in 75.0, 71.4 and 62.5% of the studied groups, respectively, while S. aureus colonization was identified in 68.6, 66.6 and 41.9% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS: The treatment with dornase alfa promoted the maintenance of pulmonary function parameters and was associated with a significant reduction of emergency room visits due to pulmonary exacerbations in the six to 11 years age group, with better clinical scores in the >14 age group, one year after the intervention.

scholarly journals Population Structure and Life Table of Dog Conch (Strombus turturella) in Bangka Belitung Islands, Indonesia [Struktur Populasi dan Tabel Hidup Siput Gonggong (Strombus turturella) di Kepulauan Bangka Belitung, Indonesia]

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Okto Supratman ◽  
Tati Suryati Syamsudin
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Life Table ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Growth Coefficient ◽  
Recruitment Time

AbstractDog Conch (Strombus turturella) has an essential economic value in Bangka Belitung Islands. Allegedly, the population of Dog Conch is decreasing due to overexploitation. The purpose of this study is to provide information related to the distribution of long frequency, growth pattern, age group, recruitment time estimation and life table of Dog Conch. This research took place on the coast of Tukak Village and Anak Air Island, Bangka Belitung Islands. Samples of Dog Conch were taken using 3x3 m2 square. The shell length of Dog Conch found ranged between 18.18 to 77.49 mm, consisting of three age groups. Asymptotic length value (L∞), growth coefficient (K) and theoretical age on zero-length (t0) were 83.94 mm, 0.79/year and -0.152 sequentially. In the first year, Dog Conch grows to 50.18 mm and slows down when it grows older until it is 13 years old. The proportion of high mortality rate was at 1 to 2 years old and 3 to 4 years old or in adult individuals, while the highest life expectancy rate was in the age group of 0-1-year old or young individuals. It indicated that the high mortality rate was in the group in which people use to consume or sell in the marketsAbstrakSiput gonggong (Strombus turturella) memiliki nilai ekonomis penting di Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Diduga populasi siput gonggong semakin menurun akibat dari eksploitasi berlebihan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan informasi terkait distribusi frekuensi panjang, pola pertumbuhan, kelompok umur, estimasi waktu rekruitmen dan tabel hidup siput gonggong. Lokasi penelitian berada di Pesisir Desa Tukak dan Pulau Anak Air, Kepulauan Bangka Belitung.Pengambilan sampel siput gonggong dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuadrat 3x3 m2. Panjang cangkang siput gonggong yang ditemukan berkisar antara 18.18 s.d 77.49 mm yang terdiri atas 3 kelompok umur. Nilai panjang asymptotic (L∞), koefisien pertumbuhan (K) dan umur teoritis ketika panjang sama dengan nol (t0) adalah 83.94 mm, 0.79/tahun dan -0.152 secara berurutan. Pada tahun pertama siput gonggong mengalami pertumbuhan, mencapai 50.18 mm dan melambat ketika umur semakin tua hingga umur 13 tahun. Proporsi laju kematian tinggi terdapat pada umur 1 s.d 2 tahun dan 3 s.d 4 tahun atau pada individu dewasa, sedangkan nilai harapan hidup tertinggi terdapat pada kelompok umur 0-1 tahun atau individu muda. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kematian tertinggi terdapat pada kelompok umur yang telah diambil oleh masyarakat untuk dikonsumsi dan dijual ke pasaran.

scholarly journals Antidepressant Use and Risk of Suicidal Behavior in Older Persons With Depression: A Cohort Study in Hong Kong

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 441-441
Author(s):  
Yi Chai ◽  
Hao Luo ◽  
Kenneth K C Man ◽  
Wallis C Y Lau ◽  
Ian C K Wong
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Antidepressant Use

Abstract Background Depression is highly prevalent in older adults and requires treatment. However, debate persists on whether antidepressant use is associated with an elevated risk of suicidal behavior. This study aims to examine the short- and long-term risk of suicidal behavior by various classes of antidepressants in older persons with depression. Methods Persons aged 40 years and above and received a clinical diagnosis of depression between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2016 were identified from the Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System in Hong Kong. The risk of suicidal behavior in persons who were prescribed antidepressants was compared with persons who were not prescribed any antidepressant drugs. Antidepressants were classified as tricyclic and related antidepressant drugs (TCAs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants (NaSSAs), serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) and others. Incidence and adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of subsequent self-harm and suicide within one-year and the whole study period were estimated by age groups. Results A total of 34,927 persons aged 40-64 years, and 19,300 persons aged 65+ years were included. In the younger age group, the highest short-term and long-term risks were found in others (aHR, 2.33; 1.02-5.34) and NaSSAs (2.88; 2.15-3.86), respectively. In the older age group, no significant association was observed between antidepressant use and suicidal behavior across all antidepressant classes. Conclusion The self-harm and suicide associated risks vary across antidepressant classes and age groups. Cautions are always needed for antidepressant prescriptions.

scholarly journals CRITERIA FOR THE PROTECTING OF POPULATION AFTER RADIATION ACCIDENT: USE OF RADIATION RISK FOR ANALYSIS AND OPTIMAL DECISIONS MAKING TO LIMIT THE CONSUMPTION OF FOOD CONTAMINATED BY TECHNOGENIC RADIONUCLIDES

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
V. S. Repin ◽  
L. V. Repin
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Radiation Risk ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
First Year ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Risk Of Death

The purpose of this paper is to assess the compliance of criterion A, adopted in NRB-99/2009 as emergency level of dose intervention, to permissible values of specific activity of137Cs,90Sr and131I in food products in the first year after the accident. Assessments are made on the basis of comparison of the conservativeness coefficients by dose and the magnitude of the risk. The results of the evaluation showed that estimates of the doses and risks for137Cs,90Sr, calculated on the basis of weighting by the number of age groups, are equally conservative. For131I, the conservative factors for dose and risk vary significantly, which indicates that it is not appropriate to use an effective dose to optimization of radiation protection for the given radionuclide. The ratios of the risk-weighted average weighted by the number of individual age groups to the weighted average effective dose values for137Cs and90Sr are close to the nominal risk of death from malignant neoplasms for the population of 5×10-5, which confirms that nominal risk factors can only be used for the general population. Two variants of the criteria for optimization of the radiation protection of the population are proposed: 1) by the value of the average weighted by the number of individual age groups, the value of the effective dose, or 2) the value of the average weighted by the number of individual age groups of risk. It is shown that to optimize the protection of individual age groups, the more preferable criterion is the risk value calculated for a given age group, since the maximum effective dose of some age group does not always correspond to the maximum risk.

Outcome with Lenalidomide Plus Dexamethasone Followed by Early Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation In the ECOG E4A03 Randomized Clinical Trial

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 38-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Samuel diCapua Siegel ◽  
Susanna Jacobus ◽  
S. Vincent Rajkumar ◽  
Rafat Abonour ◽  
Natalie Scott Callander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Early Mortality ◽  
First Year ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Advisory Committees

Abstract Abstract 38 INTRODUCTION: Lenalidomide and bortezomib have moved into the management of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma leading to dramatically improved outcomes. As a consequence, the role of upfront autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplant (ASCT) has become more controversial. The ECOG E4A03 clinical trial randomized newly diagnosed MM patients to lenalidomide with high-dose dexamethasone (LD) vs lenalidomide with low-dose dexamethasone (Ld) (Rajkumar et al Lancet Oncol 2010; 11: 29–37). Upon completing four cycles of therapy, pts had the option of ASCT or continuing on the assigned therapy. The purpose of this abstract is to determine the outcome of patients on this trial pursuing early ASCT according to various age-groups. MATERIALS and METHODS: This is a post hoc, retrospective analysis of overall survival within age subgroups stratified by early ASCT status. This is a landmark analysis including only pts surviving the first 4 cycles of therapy. RESULTS: In all three age-groups studied, 1, 2, and 3-year survival probability estimates with ASCT were excellent (Tables 1, 2, and 3). For patients under the age of 65 who survived the first 4 cycles of therapy, overall survival at 3-years was 94% with early ASCT, 78% in pts continuing protocol therapy. Although direct comparison with patients not going to early transplant is not possible because the assignment to early ASCT versus no early ASCT was not randomized, survival with ASCT at 3-years appeared higher. While we attempt to correct for age, the differences may be influenced by other factors such as performance status, comorbidities, response to therapy, etc. The presumption that treatment related mortality (TRM) should be more problematic for older pts undergoing ASCT is addressed by looking at the >65 and >70yo cohorts. In the >65 age group, one-year mortality is similar between the early ASCT population and the no early ASCT population. In the >70 age group, no adverse impact of early ASCT was seen in the first year on overall survival but the sample size is extremely small. In all age groups early ASCT seemed to mitigate some of the survival disadvantage associated with randomization to the LD arm. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis shows that the strategy of lenalidomide plus dexamethasone induction followed by early ASCT has a remarkably good outcome in terms of overall survival in all age groups studied and supports the continued role of early consolidative ASCT in newly diagnosed patients. The risk of early mortality was notably low in the first year in all age groups. The risk of early mortality seems to increase at 2 years for the LD pts not choosing early ASCT and at 3 years for the Ld pts not choosing early ASCT. Selection bias makes it difficult to compare results for pts that chose early ASCT directly to the patients who did not receive early ASCT in this trial. As such, these results emphasize the need for randomized trials investigating the timing of ASCT in myeloma in the era of novel therapy. Disclosures: Siegel: Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Millennium Pharmaceuticals: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Merck: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Off Label Use: Lenalidomide for front line therapy. Abonour:Celgene: Speakers Bureau; Millennium Pharmaceuticals: Speakers Bureau. Callander:Millennium Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding. Fonseca:Amgen: Consultancy; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Genzyme: Consultancy; Onyx: Research Funding; Otsuka: Consultancy; Medtronic: Consultancy. Vesole:Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Young Female Athletes: Patellar Versus Hamstring Tendon Autografts

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 2086-2092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hytham S. Salem ◽  
Vahe Varzhapetyan ◽  
Nimit Patel ◽  
Christopher C. Dodson ◽  
Fotios P. Tjoumakaris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Graft Failure ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Background: Female athletes are 2 to 8 times more prone to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture than males. Furthermore, reinjury to the ipsilateral or contralateral knee can occur in >20% of athletes. Female sex and younger age are known risk factors for graft failure. The optimal graft choice for young females remains unknown and poorly studied. Purpose/Hypothesis: The authors aimed to compare clinical outcomes in young females who underwent ACL reconstruction (ACLR) with bone–patellar tendon–bone (BTB) and quadrupled hamstring (HS) autografts. It was hypothesized that no significant differences in outcomes exist between graft choices. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Female patients aged 15 to 25 years who underwent primary ACLR with BTB or HS autograft were included for review. Patients were subdivided into 2 age groups: 15 to 20 years and 21 to 25 years. The occurrence of chondral, meniscal, or ligamentous injury to either knee was recorded for comparison. Results: A total of 256 females were included (BTB, n = 175; HS, n = 81). The majority of patients were between the ages of 15 and 20 years (BTB, 80%; HS, 77.8%). Overall, graft rupture occurred in 23 patients (9%) and contralateral ACL tear occurred in 18 (7%). Subgroup analysis showed that 75% of BTB and 100% of HS graft retears occurred in females aged 15 to 20 years. Within this age group, there was a significantly lower rate of graft ruptures in the BTB group (6.4%) as compared with the HS group (17.5%, P = .02). Allograft augmentation was used in 4 of the 11 HS grafts that retore. When allograft-augmented grafts were excluded, there was no significant difference in graft failure rate between graft choices. Fifteen patients in the BTB group (12%) as opposed to 1 in the HS group (2%) reported extreme difficulty or the inability to kneel on the front of the knee ( P = .04). Conclusion: In females aged 15 to 20 years undergoing ACLR, BTB autograft may lead to fewer graft ruptures than HS autograft. While this difference was not observed in females aged 21 to 25 years, a larger sample may be required to accept the null hypothesis in this age group. BTB autograft significantly increased the risk of kneeling pain as compared with HS regardless of age.

Recent trends in mortality in Australia

1972 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
First Year ◽  
Age Group ◽  
World War ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
The 1960S

Before World War II, mortality in Australia had decreased progressively since 1860, the first year for which statistics are available. The present study shows that this decline in mortality, although interrupted by the war, continued again during the 1950s but appears to have halted around 1960. In some age groups, death rates have even increased during the 1960s.The alteration in the trend of mortality has occurred mainly in the middle age group, 35–64, while death rates for persons aged over 64 have tended to remain constant and those for persons aged 15 and under have continued to decline. Death rates for males aged 15–34 declined throughout the period, tending to level off towards the end, whereas the rates for females aged 15–34 have increased during recent years.The retardation of mortality decline appears to have resulted from a slight increase in death rates from arteriosclerotic and degenerative heart disease, together with rapid increases in death rates from lung cancer for males and motor vehicle accidents for females.

scholarly journals Measles Cases by Age Group during the Elimination of Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Tsvirkun ◽  
A. G. Gerasimova ◽  
N. T. Tikhonova ◽  
E. B. Ezhlova ◽  
A. A. Melnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measles Virus ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
First Year ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Epidemic Process ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Measles Elimination ◽  
Children First ◽  
First Year Of Life

Objective. With the increase in vaccination coverage of the child population began the process of ousting children determining the incidence of measles in the country and by 2004, the children ceased to play a leading role in maintaining the epidemic process of measles. The definition of significance in the epidemic process of measles individuals of different age, including children in the first year of life, was the purpose of the work. Material and methods. Measles cases in different age groups were analyzed for the period 2003 - 2015 in the Russian Federation. 1799 cases of measles in children under 1 year were investigated. The ELISA method were examined the sera of children up to 1 year in 2002 - 22 sampls, 2016 - 31 sampls. Results. Analysis of the incidence of measles in different age groups conducted since the beginning of the program of measles elimination in Russia to date (2003 - 2015), showed that with the increase in the level of the immune stratum, the incidence of measles inculcated among the population declined markedly and even in the boom years (2012 - 2014) intensive morbidity rates of children aged 3 - 6 years, adolescents and adults averages ranged from 3.0 to 4.0 per 100 thousand of the appropriate age. The exception was children first year of life and children aged 1 - 2 years, of intense the incidence of which was several times higher (in average, respectively, was 22.0 and 19.0). If the vast majority of affected children aged 1 - 2 years had been vaccinated against measles, for various reasons, the children of the first year of life, according to the immunization calendar, the vaccination could not be. Conclusion. Detailed analysis showed that the incidence of measles in the country determined by the adult population. Comparison of incidence and state of specific immunity to measles virus in children the first year of life suggests that their involvement in the epidemic process of measles is not determinative. Changing the proportion of affected children of this age are directly linked with fluctuations in the long-term dynamics of the overall incidence of measles in the country, and high, compared with other age groups, the intensive indicator of disease is not due to a large numerical composition of this age group.

scholarly journals Bullying and Being Bullied; How Much Can It Increase the Risk of Depression and Anxiety in Students? A Multilevel Fixed-effect Model Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Babaee ◽  
Marzieh Nojomi ◽  
Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi ◽  
Babak Eshrati
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Fixed Effect ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: School violence as a health issue is a global concern. One of the problems that affect the health and well-being of children at school is bullying. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to examine the association of depression and anxiety with bullying among 6 - 19-year-old students in Iran. Methods: This study was conducted in Tehran, Iran, in 2020. A multistage cluster sampling method was used, and 54,550 students aged six to 19 years of both sexes, from urban and rural areas, were selected. Standard questionnaires, according to the WHO recommendations, were used for data collection. Involvement in bullying in the past 12 months and anxiety and depression status in both bully and bullied students were investigated by standard questionnaires. To compare the psychiatric problems and violent behavior, the Wald chi-square test was applied. The multilevel fixed-effect model and logistic multivariate regression were used to adjust the multilevel effects and estimate the odds of anxiety and depression in both bully and bullied students. All statistical analyses were performed at a 95% significance level. Results: Of the total students, 50.9% were males, 29.45% were in the 6 - 10 age group, and 70.55% in the 11 - 19 age group. There was a significant difference in depression and anxiety between boys and girls in both age groups (P < 0.001). Amongst males, 11.7% of the students aged 6 - 10 and 11% of the students aged 11 - 19 and in females, 7.7% aged 6 - 10 and 10.4% aged 11 - 19 had at least four experiences of bullying to others in the last year. The odds ratios for depression in male bullies were 1.3 and 1.5 in 6 - 10 and 11 - 19 age groups, respectively. The odds ratios for depression in bullied males and females were 4.2 and 3.9 in 6 - 10 and 2.9 and 4.3 in 11 - 19 age groups, respectively. Bulling others increased the odds of anxiety to 1.7 and 1.9 in males and 2.1 and 1.9 in females in 6 - 10 and 11 - 19 age groups, respectively. In bullied students, the odds of anxiety were estimated at 2.9 and 2.2 in males and 3.4 and 2.2 in female students respectively, in 6 - 10 and 11 - 19 age groups. Conclusions: There was a significant positive association between psychological disorders (anxiety and depression) and bullying among 6 - 19-year-old students. Victims of bullying were more at risk of depression and anxiety. This health-threatening phenomenon should not be ignored.

scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL GROWTH QUALITY OF CARASOBARBUS LUTEUS FROM EUPHRATES IN AL- MUTHANNA PROVINCE

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. D. K. Alasadiy
Keyword(s):  
Condition Factor ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
First Year ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Growth Quality ◽  
Better Than

Results of current study represents the first investigation on age groups and growth of  Carasobarbus luteus from two stations of the Euphrates in Al- Muthanna province, during  the period from September 2017 to March 2018.A total of 155 samples were caught belonging this fish species . age group comprised five (II+-VI+) for males and six (II+-VII+) for females with dominant III + age group in both sexes. The annual increment in length was decreased with the increase in age group, while the annual increment in weight was the highest in the first year and increase with age, except for VI+ year for  males. The regression coefficient (b) indicated that   the growth modality of Carasobarbus luteus was Allometric in males and isometric in females. mean values of condition factor from 1.06699 (IV+) to 1.51979 (II+) in males and between 1.156865(VII+)  to 1.558341(IV+) for females, statistical analysis showed significant differences(P≤0.05) between males and females in values of condition factor .Growth models of Von Bertalanffy  were( L∞=30 cm, K=0.15, to= -0.213) for both sexes. The current study found that this fish does not reach large, ages and the female growth is better than male.

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