scholarly journals Management and containment of a SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant outbreak at the Malawi University of Science and Technology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gama Petulo Bandawe ◽  
Petros Chigwechokha ◽  
Precious Kunyenje ◽  
Yohane Kazembe ◽  
Jeverson Mwale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Routine Testing ◽  
Main Campus ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
Senior Students ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Testing Coverage

Outbreaks of COVID at university campuses can spread rapidly and threaten the broader community. We describe the management of an outbreak at a Malawian university in April 2021 during Malawi's second wave. Classes were suspended following detection of infections by routine testing and campus-wide PCR mass testing was conducted. Fifty seven cases were recorded, 55 among students, two among staff. Classes resumed 28 days after suspension following two weeks without cases. Just 6.3% of full-time staff and 87.4% of outsourced staff tested while 65% of students at the main campus and 74% at the extension campus were tested. Final year students had significantly higher positivity and lower testing coverage compared to freshmen. All viruses sequenced were beta variant and at least four separate virus introductions onto campus were observed. These findings are useful for development of campus outbreak responses and indicate the need to emphasize staff, males and senior students in testing.

Ethnocentrism and University Students in Ethiopia (1995–2018)

2022 ◽  
pp. 105678792110699
Author(s):  
Desalegn Amsalu ◽  
Seyoum Mesfin
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Classroom Learning ◽  
Student Interactions ◽  
Main Campus ◽  
University Campuses

Since 1995 and until it apparently eased with the coming of Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, ethnicity has become the dogmatic principle of the country for its social and political policies. Consequently, it has permeated through university campuses and affected relationships among students belonging to different ethnic groups. This study makes a micro-sociological ethnographic description and analysis of different “sites” of student interactions in curricular activities such as in classroom learning, extracurricular activities such as sporting, and service deliveries such as common residential compounds and dining halls at Addis Ababa University’s Main Campus.

scholarly journals The Relationship between the Facial Expression of People in University Campus and Host-City Variables

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongxu Wei ◽  
Richard J. Hauer ◽  
Xuquan Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Estimates ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
Positive Expression ◽  
Theoretical Evidence

Public attitudes towards local university matters for the resource investment to sustainable science and technology. The application of machine learning techniques enables the evaluation of resource investments more precisely even at the national scale. In this study, a total number of 4327 selfies were collected from the social network services (SNS) platform of Sina Micro-Blog for check-in records of 92 211-Project university campuses from 82 cities of 31 Provinces across mainland China. Photos were analyzed by the FireFACETM-V1.0 software to obtain scores of happy and sad facial expressions and a positive response index (PRI) was calculated (happy-sad). One-way analysis of variance indicated that both happy and PRI scores were highest in Shandong University and lowest in Harbin Engineering University. The national distribution of positive expression scores was highest in Changchun, Jinan, and Guangzhou cities. The maximum likelihood estimates from general linear regression indicated that the city-variable of the number of regular institutions of higher learning had the positive contribution to the happy score. The number of internet accesses and area of residential housing contributed to the negative expression scores. Therefore, people tend to show positive expression at campuses in cities with more education infrastructures but fewer residences and internet users. The geospatial analysis of facial expression data can be one approach to supply theoretical evidence for the resource arrangement of sustainable science and technology from universities.

Building Locator Using Geographical Information System Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1396-1401
Author(s):  
A. A. Mustaffa ◽  
C. M. Iruthayam ◽  
S. Bukhari ◽  
A. H. Omar
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Gis Application ◽  
Main Campus ◽  
Attribute Data ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Time And Energy ◽  
Senior Students

Rapid and fast-growing developments have increased the demand to build more facilities and buildings in Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM). In accordance with this statement, newly or senior students including lectures in UTHM finds it difficult to locate their accurate location or destination which causes their wastage of time and energy. Thus, studies on locating building using Geographic Information System (GIS) application were conducted. The main aim of this study is to develop a web based GIS application as a proper and effective solution which is intended to minimize the problems in locating buildings and facilities within main campus of UTHM. The objectives of this study are to develop a database for UTHM main campus buildings where it will be used to analysis building locator information and developing the database into a web-based application. The database system is designed using QGIS where geospatial and attribute data were used to create a database as a dataset to run the application. This application known as Campus Building Locator (CBL) was designed with suitable information such as block name, building name and block image to show building’s location and facilities. Questioners have been distributed to analysis the effectiveness of CBL based on users feedback. Based on the result obtained, 58% of the users strongly agree that CBL is a user-friendly application and 67% of users also strongly agree that the information provided as mentioned before is sufficient enough to locate building or facilities around the campus area. About 58% of users are satisfied with the components and features provided in this application where it attracts the user to use it more often for their search. Overall, CBL will introduce new searching approach, a very useful medium and standard references to all UTHM occupants.

scholarly journals Implementation of a Rapid RT-LAMP Saliva-based SARS-CoV-2 Testing Program in the Workplace

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley W.M. Cook ◽  
Kaitlyn Kobasa ◽  
Marielou Tamayo ◽  
Natasha Theriault ◽  
Diane J.R. Gordon Pappas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lamp Assay ◽  
Rapid Testing ◽  
Routine Testing ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Human Sample ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Saliva Collection ◽  
Second Wave

Rising SARS-CoV-2 cases, testing delays and the risk of pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic transmission provided the impetus for an in-house rapid testing pro-gram. Employees and their household contacts were encouraged to self-collect saliva samples which were pooled for routine testing using an established colorimetric reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay. In brief, individual or a maximum of four saliva samples were pooled, heat-inactivated to render microorganisms, especially SARS-CoV-2, non-infectious prior to being added to RT-LAMP assay tubes containing either human sample control gene, RNase P or a region of the SARS-CoV-2 gene, ORF1ab. During the second wave of SARS-CoV-2 infections in November 2020, two samples from an employee and a member of their household tested positive via RT-LAMP within two days of each other. A delayed clinical qRT-PCR test confirmation of both individuals 5 days later underscores the power of routine rapid testing with within-the-hour turnaround times. Workplace rapid testing programs using RT-LAMP are flexible in their design, have a reduced cost compared to qRT-PCR, may involve non-invasive self-saliva collection for increased safety for the testing personnel, and can be performed with minimal training.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Peer-Led Didactics in the Core Clinical Year on a Regional Medical Campus

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Waasdorp Hurtado ◽  
Erik Wallace ◽  
Chad Stickrath
Keyword(s):  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Medical Examiner ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Educational Method ◽  
Main Campus ◽  
The Core ◽  
Regional Medical ◽  
Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship

Purpose The best methods for learning outside of the clinical setting in the core clinical year, especially at Regional Medical Campuses with limited full-time academic faculty, are unknown. Methods We developed and implemented a peer-led didactic program to complement our longitudinal integrated clerkship (LIC) for students at our new regional medical campus (RMC) to achieve the same goals, objectives, and competencies as students at our main campus. These didactic sessions were developed and led by students for their peers with the assistance of community faculty members. Student scores on USMLE Step exams and National Board of Medical Examiner (NBME) subject exams for the core specialties were compared among the intervention group at the Regional Medical Campus, the main campus, and the national average. Finally, a student focus group provided qualitative data about student perceptions of these sessions.   Results Among participating students, ninety-five percent reported that the student-led didactics were relevant to their clinical work and eighty percent reported that these sessions enhanced their knowledge and the content was provided at the right pace and level. Students ranked preparing to teach student-led didactics as one of the most valuable learning experiences and “worth the time it took to prepare.” Students scored comparably to their main campus peers on all seven NBME subject exams and the Step 2 CK exam. Conclusion Utilizing peer-led didactics as a part of a longitudinal integrated clerkship is feasible and effective in helping students achieve the goals, objectives, and competencies of the core clinical year. This educational method should be considered at other LIC-based programs. The authors do not have any conflicts of interest to disclose. This project received no funding. As all data were completely anonymized thought the internet survey and no patients were involved, this was not reviewed by an ethics board.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 infections in kindergartens and associated households at the start of the second wave in Berlin, Germany – a cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlene Thielecke ◽  
Stefanie Theuring ◽  
Welmoed van Loon ◽  
Franziska Hommes ◽  
Marcus A. Mall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Kindergarten Children ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Routine Testing ◽  
Household Members ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Pandemic Wave

AbstractObjectivesThe comparatively large proportion of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections in the youngest children opens up the possibility that kindergartens represent reservoirs of infection. However, actual surveys in kindergartens beyond individual outbreaks are rare. At the beginning of the second pandemic wave in Berlin, Germany, i.e., end of September 2020, we screened SARS-CoV-2 infections among kindergarten children, staff and connected household members.MethodsTwelve kindergartens were randomly selected in the Berlin metropolitan area, and a total of 720 participants were recruited (155 pre-school children, 78 staff, 487 household members). Participants were briefly examined and interviewed, and SARS-CoV-2 infections and anti-SARS-Cov-2 IgG antibodies were assessed.ResultsSigns and symptoms, largely resembling common cold, were present in 24.2% of children and 28.9% of staff. However, no SARS-CoV-2 infection was detected among 701 PCR-tested individuals, and only one childcare worker showed IgG seroreactivity (0.15%; 1/672).ConclusionsAgainst a backdrop of increased pandemic activity in the community, this cross-sectional study does not suggest that kindergartens are silent transmission reservoirs. Nevertheless, at increasing pandemic activity, reinforced precautionary measures and repeated routine testing appears advisable.

Epidemiology of Campus Sexual Assault Among University Women in Eswatini

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051988820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Fielding-Miller ◽  
Fortunate Shabalala ◽  
Sakhile Masuku ◽  
Anita Raj
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
University Students ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Full Time ◽  
African Region ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
Campus Sexual Assault

Sexual assault on university campuses has attracted growing attention, but there is little data available on the scope of the problem in Southern Africa. We sought to measure the prevalence of campus sexual assault among female university students at the University of Eswatini and describe the experience of survivors using a mixed-methods study design. Women were randomly sampled from a list of all full-time female university students provided by the office of the registrar, and participants completed a brief behavioral survey in a private study office using a tablet with computer-assisted self-interview software. Women who indicated experiences of sexual violence during the survey were invited to self-identify themselves to study staff to participate in a follow-up qualitative interview. We measured sexual assault using the Sexual Experiences Survey–Short Form Version (SES-SFV). We found that women in University were over 6 times more likely to report forced or coerced sex in the previous 12 months than has been previously reported in the general population. Sixty percent of participants reported experiencing an attempted or completed sexual assault in their lifetime, and a total of 38% reported an assault in the past 12 months. The vast majority (93%) of assailants were known to their victim, and the majority (56%) of perpetrators were romantic partners. The majority of participants had never disclosed their assault, and victim blaming and stigma emerged as highly salient themes during in-depth qualitative interviews. Food insecurity, losing a parent before age 21, and hazardous drinking were all significantly associated with experiencing sexual assault in the previous 12 months, as was experiencing a previous assault before the age of 18. To our knowledge, this is the first generalizable study of campus sexual assault prevalence conducted in the Southern African region.

Science and the Open-Doors Educational Movement

1975 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 741-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Jen
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Revolution ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
The Cultural Revolution

I visited China for 46 days in the months of July and August 1974, almost exactly two years after my first visit in 1972. The interval between my two visits coincided very closely with the growth of the campaign to criticize Lin Piao and Confucius, which reached an intense level at the time of my most recent visit. In my own view, the campaign was the second wave of the Cultural Revolution in succession to the first wave formed by the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. In both, the educational movement or revolution has played and is playing a very prominent role and has in turn produced very visible effects on China's science and technology.

The Study of Embodied Science and Technology Impacts of Construction Industry Based on I-O S-LCA Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 2407-2413
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Yang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Social Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Full Time Equivalent ◽  
Productive Force

The rapid development of urbanization promotes the development of the construction industry greatly. Due to long life cycle of the construction projects, construction industry and other industry departments associate widely. Therefore, construction industry inevitably has a big impact on economic growth. Based on the view that science and technology (ST) is the first productive force, this paper calculates 4 kinds of embodied science and technology impacts including ST personnel, full-time equivalent research and development (R&D) personnel, ST activities’ funding and intramural expenditures of construction industry based on the developed input–output social life-cycle assessment (S-LCA) model and satellite matrix. Results show that the ST personnel, full-time equivalent R&D personnel, ST activities’ funding and intramural expenditures between 2002 and 2007 all have increased in different degrees, so as to promote the overall development of economy and science.

scholarly journals Religious involvement of University of Pretoria campus students. Results of an enquiry

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-124
Author(s):  
J J Kritzinger
Keyword(s):  
Religious Involvement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Main Campus ◽  
University Of Pretoria ◽  
The One ◽  
Very High

In a large sample of full-time University of Pretoria main campus students it was  found  that  a very high percentage of all the students reported an affiliation to religious bodies. They also generally regarded themselves as religious.  Many also regularly took part in the religious programmes. Quite a rosy statistical picture could be drawn. The one worrying result is the  chasm  which  shows between what the students regard as their religious organisation’s views on certain moral issues, on  the one hand, and their own lifestyles, on the other.

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