scholarly journals Negative mood induction effects on problem solving task in women with eating disorders: a multi-method examination

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie N. French ◽  
Kalina Eneva ◽  
Jean M. Arlt ◽  
Angelina Yiu ◽  
Eunice Y. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Skin Conductance ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Affective State ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia

AbstractEating disorders (EDs) are a serious public health concern, affecting about 5.2% of American women. The effects of negative affect on problem-solving and its psychophysiological correlates are poorly understood in this population. This study examined respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and skin conductance responses of 102 women with EDs (Binge eating disorder [BED]: n = 57, Anorexia nervosa: n = 13, Bulimia nervosa [BN]: n = 32) and 24 healthy controls (HCs) at baseline, and then during: a negative mood induction task, an adapted Means Ends Problem-Solving (MEPS) task and recovery. The MEPS Task included four interpersonal scenarios: 1) binge-eating when sad, 2) job dissatisfaction, 3) feeling rejected by friends, and 4) jealousy in a relationship. ED groups reported more negative and less positive emotions than HCs. After a negative mood induction, women with BED provided significantly less effective problem-solving strategies compared to HCs and women with BN for the binge-eating MEPS scenario. Relative to baseline and the negative mood induction, all participants exhibited significantly higher skin conductance response and skin conductance levels throughout the MEPS scenarios and recovery. BED showed significantly lower RSA levels than individuals with BN and HCs throughout the protocol. The multimethod findings suggest individuals with BED are likely to solve problems by binge-eating when in a negative affective state.

scholarly journals Experiencing Presence in a Gaming Activity Improves Mood After a Negative Mood Induction

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Stefan Weber ◽  
Fred W. Mast ◽  
David Weibel
Keyword(s):  
Computer Games ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Mood Repair ◽  
Mood Enhancement ◽  
Immersion Condition ◽  
Gaming Activity ◽  
Explicit Measures

Research suggests that immersion in computer games is beneficial for recovering from stress and improving mood. However, no study linked explicit measures of presence—individually experienced immersion—to mood enhancement. In the present experiment, immersion of a gaming activity was varied, and levels of presence and enjoyment were measured and connected to mood repair after a stress-induction. The participants (N = 77) played a game in virtual reality (VR; high immersion), on the desktop (medium immersion), or watched a recording of the game (low immersion). Positive emotions were enhanced in the high and medium, but not the low immersion condition. Presence was a significant predictor in the VR condition. Furthermore, an explanatory mediation analysis showed that enjoyment mediated the effect of presence on mood repair. These findings demonstrate positive effects of presence experiences in gaming. Strong presence in VR seems especially helpful for enhancing mood and building up positive emotional resources.

Eating Disorders

2017 ◽  
pp. 179-186
Author(s):  
Myrna M. Weissman ◽  
John C. Markowitz ◽  
Gerald L. Klerman
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Maladaptive Eating

This chapter provides an overview of the use of IPT for patients with eating disorders. The most common eating disorders are anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. The chapter discusses the adaptations of IPT that have been used for the treatment of eating disorders and evaluates their performance in research studies. The assumption for testing IPT with eating disorders is that they occur in response to distress at poor social and interpersonal functioning and consequent negative mood, to which the patient responds with maladaptive eating behaviors. For anorexia nervosa, few data provide evidence for the benefit of IPT. For bulimia and binge eating disorder, however, IPT is considered a viable option for treatment and is recommended in numerous guidelines. A case example of a woman with bulimia nervosa is provided.

Effects of Mood and Problem Solving in Dyads on Transfer

2007 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Brand ◽  
Klaus Opwis
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Transfer Performance ◽  
Transfer Tasks ◽  
Main Factor ◽  
Good Transfer

Various studies have shown that problem solving which requires some kind of transfer can be improved subsequent to knowledge acquisition in pairs (cf. Olivera & Straus, 2004 ). It has been observed that positive mood may also lead to increased cognitive performance (e.g., Isen, Daubman, & Gorgoglione, 1987 ). These two approaches were combined in two studies. Results of Experiment 1 show that after learning in dyads and after individual mood induction, individuals in a positive mood were more able to solve transfer tasks than those in a negative mood. In Experiment 2, participants underwent the learning phase alone or in dyads; after mood induction all transfer tasks were solved in pairs. Results indicate that mood induction was the main factor influencing better transfer achievement, whereas learning in dyads only facilitated performance of proximal transfer tasks. Hence, positive mood was the main factor for good transfer performance; whether learning occurred alone or in pairs and whether transfer was performed individually or in dyads is not as important as the mood of a person.

scholarly journals Emotion and Psychophysiological Responses During Emotion–Eliciting Film Clips in an Eating Disorders Sample

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie N. French ◽  
Eunice Y. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Specific Content ◽  
Psychophysiological Responses ◽  
Psychophysiological Response ◽  
Skin Conductance Responses ◽  
Film Clips

Background: Greater vulnerability to negative emotions appears associated with the development and maintenance of eating disorders (EDs). A systematic review of psychophysiological studies using emotion-eliciting film clips reveals that there are no studies examining the effect of standardized validated film clips on psychophysiological response across a range of EDs.Methods: Using standardized validated film clips without ED-specific content, the present study examined self-reported emotions and psychophysiological responses of women with Binge-Eating Disorder (BED; n = 57), Anorexia Nervosa (AN; n = 16), Bulimia Nervosa (BN; n = 34), and Healthy Controls (HCs; n = 26) at Baseline, during Neutral, Sad, Happy, and Fear-inducing film clips, and at Recovery.Results: Throughout the protocol, the ED groups reported significantly greater sadness and anxiety than HCs. Additionally, the AN group reported more fear, the BED group more frustration, and the BED and BN groups more tension than HCs. Compared to HCs, the BED group reported stronger urges to binge throughout the protocol, whereas BN group reported stronger urges to binge relative to the HC group only at Baseline and Recovery. The BN and BED groups experienced decreased urges to binge during all film clips compared to Baseline. Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia levels were significantly lower in the BED group compared to HCs and the BN group throughout the protocol.Discussion: Standardized validated film clips can be used to elicit expected self-reported emotion and skin conductance responses in ED groups, although individuals with EDs compared HCs report greater negative emotions. Interestingly, film clips appeared to reduce urges to binge in binge-eating groups.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of the level of personal relevance of visual autobiographical stimuli in the induction of positive emotions in young and older adults: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolores Fernandez ◽  
Laura Ros ◽  
Roberto Sánchez-Reolid ◽  
Jorge Javier Ricarte ◽  
Jose Miguel Latorre
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Personal Relevance ◽  
Autobiographical Memories ◽  
Positive Images

Abstract Background The ability to retrieve specific memories is a cognitive and emotional protective factor. Among the most effective techniques to generate autobiographical memories is the use of audio-visual stimuli, particularly images. Developing and improving techniques that facilitate the generation of such memories could be highly effective in the prevention of depressive symptoms, especially in the elderly population. The aim of the present study is to examine how the level of personal relevance of pictures as autobiographical memory cues to induce positive emotions may affect an individual’s emotion regulation.Methods The participants, 120 older adults aged 65 and over and 120 young adults aged between 18 and 35, of both sexes and without depressive symptoms, will be induced to a negative mood state by means of viewing a film clip. Following the negative mood induction, the participants will be shown positive images according to experimental group to which they were randomly assigned (high personal relevance: personal autobiographical photographs; medium personal relevance: pictures of favourite locations associated with specific positive autobiographical memories; and low personal relevance: positive images from the International Affective Picture System). We will analyse the differences in subjective (responses to questionnaires) and objectives measures (EEG signal, heart rate variability and electrodermal activity) between the groups before and after the induction of negative affect and following the recall of positive memories.Discussion The use of images associated with specific positive autobiographical memories may be an effective input for inducing positive mood states, which has potentially important implications for their use as a cognitive behavioural technique to treat emotional disorders, such as depression, which are highly prevalent among older adults.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04251104. Registered on 30 January 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04251104

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