scholarly journals Brain Abnormalities Associated with Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors: A Meta-Analysis of Neuroimaging Studies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xieyining Huang ◽  
Kelly Rootes-Murdy ◽  
Diana M. Bastidas ◽  
Derek E. Nee ◽  
Joseph C. Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Brain Abnormalities ◽  
Moderator Effects ◽  
Structural Abnormalities ◽  
Density Analysis ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Kernel Density Analysis

AbstractSelf-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs) have long been believed to result in part from brain abnormalities. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate whether the extant literature justifies any definitive conclusions about whether and how SITBs may be associated with aberrant findings. Sixty studies published through June 1st, 2017 that compared individuals with and without SITBs were included, resulting in 734 coordinates. A pooled meta-analysis assessing for general risk for SITBs indicated a lack of convergence on structural abnormalities. Functional abnormalities in the precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), temporal-parietal junction, and rostral-lateral prefrontal cortex were significant using multi-level kernel density analysis but nonsignificant using activation-likelihood estimation. Separate analyses for types of SITBs suggested that deliberate self-harm might be associated with abnormalities in the precuneus/PCC. Some moderator effects were detected. Overall, the meta-analytic evidence was not robust. More studies are needed to reach definitive conclusions about whether SITBs are associated with brain abnormalities.

A new meta-analytic method for neuroimaging studies that combines reported peak coordinates and statistical parametric maps

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 605-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Radua ◽  
D. Mataix-Cols ◽  
M.L. Phillips ◽  
W. El-Hage ◽  
D.M. Kronhaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Brain Response ◽  
Fearful Faces ◽  
Density Analysis ◽  
Probability Methods ◽  
Kernel Density Analysis ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Parametric Maps

AbstractMeta-analyses are essential to summarize the results of the growing number of neuroimaging studies in psychiatry, neurology and allied disciplines. Image-based meta-analyses use full image information (i.e. the statistical parametric maps) and well-established statistics, but images are rarely available making them highly unfeasible. Peak-probability meta-analyses such as activation likelihood estimation (ALE) or multilevel kernel density analysis (MKDA) are more feasible as they only need reported peak coordinates. Signed-differences methods, such as signed differential mapping (SDM) build upon the positive features of existing peak-probability methods and enable meta-analyses of studies comparing patients with controls. In this paper we present a new version of SDM, named Effect Size SDM (ES-SDM), which enables the combination of statistical parametric maps and peak coordinates and uses well-established statistics. We validated the new method by comparing the results of an ES-SDM meta-analysis of studies on the brain response to fearful faces with the results of a pooled analysis of the original individual data. The results showed that ES-SDM is a valid and reliable coordinate-based method, whose performance might be additionally increased by including statistical parametric maps. We anticipate that ES-SDM will be a helpful tool for researchers in the fields of psychiatry, neurology and allied disciplines.

scholarly journals The Brain Network for Deductive Reasoning: A Quantitative Meta-analysis of 28 Neuroimaging Studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 3483-3497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme Prado ◽  
Angad Chadha ◽  
James R. Booth
Keyword(s):  
Deductive Reasoning ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Cognitive Organization ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Density Analysis ◽  
Neural Bases ◽  
Kernel Density Analysis ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Multilevel Kernel Density Analysis

Over the course of the past decade, contradictory claims have been made regarding the neural bases of deductive reasoning. Researchers have been puzzled by apparent inconsistencies in the literature. Some have even questioned the effectiveness of the methodology used to study the neural bases of deductive reasoning. However, the idea that neuroimaging findings are inconsistent is not based on any quantitative evidence. Here, we report the results of a quantitative meta-analysis of 28 neuroimaging studies of deductive reasoning published between 1997 and 2010, combining 382 participants. Consistent areas of activations across studies were identified using the multilevel kernel density analysis method. We found that results from neuroimaging studies are more consistent than what has been previously assumed. Overall, studies consistently report activations in specific regions of a left fronto-parietal system, as well as in the left BG. This brain system can be decomposed into three subsystems that are specific to particular types of deductive arguments: relational, categorical, and propositional. These dissociations explain inconstancies in the literature. However, they are incompatible with the notion that deductive reasoning is supported by a single cognitive system relying either on visuospatial or rule-based mechanisms. Our findings provide critical insight into the cognitive organization of deductive reasoning and need to be accounted for by cognitive theories.

scholarly journals Neurobiological models of emotion regulation: a meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies of acceptance as an emotion regulation strategy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Messina ◽  
Alessandro Grecucci ◽  
Roberto Viviani
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Emotional Acceptance ◽  
Complementary Role ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategy ◽  
High Level

Abstract Emotional acceptance is an important emotion regulation strategy promoted by most psychotherapy approaches. We adopted the Activation Likelihood Estimation technique to obtain a quantitative summary of previous fMRI (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) studies of acceptance and test different hypotheses on its mechanisms of action. The main meta-analysis included 13 experiments contrasting acceptance to control conditions, yielding a total of 422 subjects and 170 foci of brain activity. Additionally, subgroups of studies with different control conditions (react naturally or focus on emotions) were identified and analysed separately. Our results showed executive areas to be affected by acceptance only in the subgroup of studies in which acceptance was compared to natural reactions. In contrast, a cluster of decreased brain activity located in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)/precuneus was associated with acceptance regardless of the control condition. These findings suggest that high-level executive cortical processes are not a distinctive feature of acceptance, whereas functional deactivations in the PCC/precuneus constitute its specific neural substrate. The neuroimaging of emotional acceptance calls into question a key tenet of current neurobiological models of emotion regulation consisting in the necessary involvement of high-level executive processes to actively modify emotional states, suggesting a complementary role for limbic portions of the default system.

scholarly journals Gray Matter Atrophy within the Default Mode Network of Fibromyalgia: A Meta-Analysis of Voxel-Based Morphometry Studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chemin Lin ◽  
Shwu-Hua Lee ◽  
Hsu-Huei Weng
Keyword(s):  
Gray Matter ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Imaging Results

Over the years, studies have demonstrated morphological changes in the brain of fibromyalgia (FMS). We aimed to conduct a coordinate-based meta-analytic research through systemic review on voxel-based morphometry (VBM) imaging results to identify consistent gray matter (GM) difference between FMS patients and healthy subjects. We performed a comprehensive literature search in PubMed (January 2000–December 2015) and included six VBM publication on FMS. Stereotactic data were extracted from 180 patients of FMS and 123 healthy controls. By means of activation likelihood estimation (ALE) technique, regional GM reduction in left medial prefrontal cortex and right dorsal posterior cingulate cortex was identified. Both regions are within the default mode network. In conclusion, the gray matter deficit is related to the both affective and nonaffective components of pain processing. This result also provided the neuroanatomical correlates for emotional and cognitive symptoms in FMS.

scholarly journals Regional brain abnormalities in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Kamalian ◽  
Tina khodadadifar ◽  
Amin Saberi ◽  
Maryam Masoudi ◽  
Julia Camilleri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Brain Abnormalities ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia

INTRODUCTION: Numerous studies have reported brain alterations in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). However, they pointed to inconsistent findings. METHODS: We used a meta-analytic approach to identify the convergent structural and functional brain abnormalities in bvFTD. Following the best-practice neuroimaging meta-analysis guidelines, we searched PubMed and Embase databases and performed reference tracking. Then, the coordinates of group comparisons between bvFTD and controls from 73 studies were extracted and tested for convergence using activation likelihood estimation. RESULTS: We identified convergent abnormalities in the anterior cingulate cortices, anterior insula, amygdala, paracingulate, striatum, and hippocampus. Task-based and resting-state functional connectivity pointed to the joint networks that are connected to the obtained consistent regions. Functional decoding analyses suggested associated dysfunction of emotional processing, interoception, reward processing, higher-order cognitive functions, olfactory and gustatory perceptions in bvFTD.DISCUSSION: Our findings highlighted a key role of the salience network and subcortical regions in the pathophysiology of bvFTD.

scholarly journals Neural correlates of heart-focused interoception: a functional magnetic resonance imaging meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 371 (1708) ◽  
pp. 20160018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan M. Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Neural Activity ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Hemispheric Dominance ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Functional Models ◽  
Density Analysis ◽  
Kernel Density Analysis

Interoception is the ability to perceive one's internal body state including visceral sensations. Heart-focused interoception has received particular attention, in part due to a readily available task for behavioural assessment, but also due to accumulating evidence for a significant role in emotional experience, decision-making and clinical disorders such as anxiety and depression. Improved understanding of the underlying neural correlates is important to promote development of anatomical-functional models and suitable intervention strategies. In the present meta-analysis, nine studies reporting neural activity associated with interoceptive attentiveness (i.e. focused attention to a particular interoceptive signal for a given time interval) to one's heartbeat were submitted to a multilevel kernel density analysis. The findings corroborated an extended network associated with heart-focused interoceptive attentiveness including the posterior right and left insula, right claustrum, precentral gyrus and medial frontal gyrus. Right-hemispheric dominance emphasizes non-verbal information processing with the posterior insula presumably serving as the major gateway for cardioception. Prefrontal neural activity may reflect both top-down attention deployment and processing of feed-forward cardioceptive information, possibly orchestrated via the claustrum. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Interoception beyond homeostasis: affect, cognition and mental health’.

Identifying Suicide Typologies Among Trauma-Exposed Veterans

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 288-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Bounoua ◽  
Jasmeet P. Hayes ◽  
Naomi Sadeh
Keyword(s):  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Research Priority ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
And Behaviors

Abstract. Background: Suicide among veterans has increased in recent years, making the identification of those at greatest risk for self-injurious behavior a high research priority. Aims: We investigated whether affective impulsivity and risky behaviors distinguished typologies of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors in a sample of trauma-exposed veterans. Method: A total of 95 trauma-exposed veterans (ages 21–55; 87% men) completed self-report measures of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors, impulsivity, and clinical symptoms. Results: A latent profile analysis produced three classes that differed in suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI): A low class that reported little to no self-injurious thoughts or behaviors; a self-injurious thoughts (ST) class that endorsed high levels of ideation but no self-harm behaviors; and a self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (STaB) class that reported ideation, suicide attempts and NSSI. Membership in the STaB class was associated with greater affective impulsivity, disinhibition, and distress/arousal than the other two classes. Limitations: Limitations include an overrepresentation of males in our sample, the cross-sectional nature of the data, and reliance on self-report measures. Conclusion: Findings point to affective impulsivity and risky behaviors as important characteristics of veterans who engage in self-injurious behaviors.

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