scholarly journals Bread feeding is a robust and more physiological enteropathogen administration method compared to oral gavage

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Derbise ◽  
Hebert Echenique-Rivera ◽  
Marta Garcia-Lopez ◽  
Rémi Beau ◽  
Myriam Mattei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Alternative Mode ◽  
Bioluminescent Signal ◽  
Abdominal Region ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Neck Area ◽  
Administration Method

AbstractOral administration is a preferred model for studying infection by bacterial enteropathogens such as Yersinia. In the mouse model, the most frequent method for oral infection consists of oral gavage with a feeding needle directly introduced in the animal stomach via the esophagus. In this study, we compared needle gavage to bread feeding as an alternative mode of bacterial administration. Using a bioluminescence-expressing strain of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, we detected very early upon needle gavage a bioluminescent signal in the neck area together with a signal in the abdominal region, highlighting the presence of two independent sites of bacterial colonization and multiplication. Bacteria were often detected in the esophagus and trachea, as well as in the lymph nodes draining the salivary glands, suggesting that lesions made during needle introduction into the animal oral cavity lead to rapid bacterial draining to proximal lymph nodes. We then tested an alternative mode of bacterial administration using small pieces of white bread containing bacteria. Upon bread feeding infection, mice exhibited a stronger bioluminescent signal in the abdominal region as compared to needle gavage, and no signal was detected in the neck area. Moreover, Y. pseudotuberculosis incorporated in the bread is less susceptible to the acidic environment of the stomach and is therefore more efficient in causing intestinal infections. Based on our observations, bread feeding constitutes a natural and more efficient administration method which does not require specialized skills, is less traumatic for the animal, and results in diseases that more closely mimic food-borne intestinal infection.

scholarly journals Bread Feeding Is a Robust and More Physiological Enteropathogen Administration Method Compared to Oral Gavage

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Derbise ◽  
Hebert Echenique-Rivera ◽  
Marta Garcia-Lopez ◽  
Rémi Beau ◽  
Myriam Mattei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Alternative Mode ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bioluminescent Signal ◽  
Abdominal Region ◽  
Neck Area ◽  
Administration Method

ABSTRACT Oral administration is a preferred model for studying infection by bacterial enteropathogens such as Yersinia spp. In the mouse model, the most frequent method for oral infection consists of oral gavage with a feeding needle directly introduced in the animal stomach via the esophagus. In this study, we compared needle gavage to bread feeding as an alternative mode of bacterial administration. Using bioluminescence-expressing strains of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia enterocolitica, we detected very early upon needle gavage a bioluminescent signal in the neck area together with a signal in the abdominal region, highlighting the presence of two independent sites of bacterial colonization and multiplication. Bacteria were often detected in the esophagus and trachea, as well as in the lymph nodes draining the salivary glands, suggesting that lesions made during needle introduction into the animal oral cavity lead to rapid bacterial draining to proximal lymph nodes. We then tested an alternative mode of bacterial administration using pieces of bread containing bacteria. Upon bread feeding infection, mice exhibited a stronger bioluminescent signal in the abdominal region than with needle gavage, and no signal was detected in the neck area. Moreover, Y. pseudotuberculosis incorporated in the bread is less susceptible to the acidic environment of the stomach and is therefore more efficient in causing intestinal infections. Based on our observations, bread feeding constitutes a natural and more efficient administration method which does not require specialized skills, is less traumatic for the animal, and results in diseases that more closely mimic foodborne intestinal infection.

scholarly journals A52 BUTYRATE SUPPLEMENTATION AMELIORATES DAMAGE CAUSED BY ENTERIC CITROBACTER RODENTIUM INFECTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 61-62
Author(s):  
L S Celiberto ◽  
G Healey ◽  
J Xu ◽  
L Xia ◽  
B Vallance
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Mucus Layer ◽  
Citrobacter Rodentium ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Intestinal Mucus

Abstract Background Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) often display a dysbiotic microbiome as well as a defective intestinal mucus layer, which appears thinner and more penetrable than the mucus layer of healthy subjects. Tributyrin (TB), a prodrug of butyric acid, has shown beneficial effects in models of IBD due to its anti-inflammatory effects. We previously showed that mice lacking the major intestinal mucin Muc2 (Muc2-/-) or lacking the “Core1” enzyme responsible for glycosylating Muc2 (C1galt1-/-) were highly susceptible to infection by Citrobacter rodentium, a murine model of intestinal inflammation. Aims The study explored the role of gut mucus in providing host defense against C. rodentium, as well as the effects of TB supplementation in the prevention of mucosal damage in this model. Methods Six to ten week old wildtype (WT), Muc2-/-, flox control (C1galt1f/f) and C1galt1-/- mice were infected with C. rodentium (∼2.5 × 108 CFU) by oral gavage. For TB supplementation experiments, mice received 100µL of TB or glycerol as a control by oral gavage every other day starting on day 1 post infection. Mice were monitored daily throughout the experiment and were euthanized at day 6 of infection. Several tissues of interest were collected to verify bacterial colonization in the gut and at systemic sites as well as histological tissue damage. Cecal contents were collected for the analysis of short chain fatty acids, while blood was collected by cardiac puncture after oral gavage with FITC-dextran to measure intestinal permeability. Results While WT and C1galt1f/f mice were only modestly susceptible to C. rodentium infection, Muc2-/- and C1galt1-/- mice displayed dramatically (100 fold) increased pathogen burdens, significantly greater intestinal macroscopic and histopathology scores, and heightened barrier disruption as compared to controls. Moreover, Muc2-/- and C1galt1-/- mice showed significantly lower levels of butyric acid as compared to control mice under baseline conditions. Interestingly, when supplemented with TB, Muc2-/- and C1galt1-/- proved less susceptible to C. rodentium infection, as indicated by reduced weight loss and clinical signs of colitis, while pathogen burdens were greatly reduced as was histological tissue damage, and epithelial barrier dysfunction. The same protection was conferred when TB was administered as a dietary supplementation, thus confirming its beneficial effect in protecting mice against C. rodentium infection. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that intestinal mucus controls host susceptibility to C. rodentium infection via control over butyrate levels, and highlight the need to explore the mechanisms by which gut mucus modulates the resident microbiota and its metabolites. Funding Agencies CCC, CIHR

scholarly journals In Vivo-Induced InvA-Like Autotransporters Ifp and InvC of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Promote Interactions with Intestinal Epithelial Cells and Contribute to Virulence

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 1050-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Pisano ◽  
Annika Kochut ◽  
Frank Uliczka ◽  
Rebecca Geyer ◽  
Tatjana Stolz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Peyer’S Patches ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Content Type ◽  
K 12

TheYersinia pseudotuberculosisIfp and InvC molecules are putative autotransporter proteins with a high homology to the invasin (InvA) protein. To characterize the function of these surface proteins, we expressed both factors inEscherichia coliK-12 and demonstrated the attachment of Ifp- and InvC-expressing bacteria to human-, mouse-, and pig-derived intestinal epithelial cells. Ifp also was found to mediate microcolony formation and internalization into polarized human enterocytes. TheifpandinvCgenes were not expressed underin vitroconditions but were found to be induced in the Peyer's patches of the mouse intestinal tract. In a murine coinfection model, the colonization of the Peyer's patches and the mesenteric lymph nodes of mice by theifp-deficient strain was significantly reduced, and considerably fewer bacteria reached liver and spleen. The absence of InvC did not have a severe influence on bacterial colonization in the murine infection model, and it resulted in only a slightly reduced number ofinvCmutants in the Peyer's patches. The analysis of the host immune response demonstrated that the presence of Ifp and InvC reduced the recruitment of professional phagocytes, especially neutrophils, in the Peyer's patches. These findings support a role for the adhesins in modulating host-pathogen interactions that are important for immune defense.

scholarly journals Natural Killer Cells Mediate Protection against Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in the Mesenteric Lymph Nodes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e0136290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maik Rosenheinrich ◽  
Wiebke Heine ◽  
Carina M. Schmühl ◽  
Fabio Pisano ◽  
Petra Dersch
Keyword(s):  
Natural Killer Cells ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Killer Cells ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph

scholarly journals Epidemiological and clinical features of lymphoproliferative diseases in the head and neck region

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-117
Author(s):  
F. Sh. Kamolova ◽  
A. M. Mudunov ◽  
P. A. Zeynalova ◽  
L. Yu. Grivtsova ◽  
G. F. Allakhverdieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
World Health ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Quality ◽  
Detection Frequency ◽  
Neck Area ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas

Background. Lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of the lymphoid and hematopoietic system tumors. Neoplastic process often develops in head and neck area, including the integumentary tissues, orbit, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, oral cavity, pharynx, salivary glands, thyroid gland, as well as neck lymph nodes. The difficulties of head and neck lymphomas diagnosis are significant, since very often there is a combined non-tumor pathology. The high heterogeneity of lymphomas in the head and neck area requires structuring knowledge about their epidemiology and clinical manifestations.Objective: to study the epidemiological and clinical features of the head and neck lymphoproliferative diseases, which will lead to an improvement in diagnostic quality of this nosology’s.Materials and methods. The frequency of head and neck lymphoproliferative diseases detection was estimated based on the study of epicrisis and clinical data of 174 patients hospitalized at the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology in the period from 2000 to 2020.Results. Taking into account the modern clinical and morphological classification of lymphomas of the World Health Organization (2017), information about the features of localization, characteristic signs of extranodal foci and lymph nodes is presented. Detection frequency of various subtypes non-Hodgkin’s and Hodgkin’s lymphomas were determined on a sufficient cohort of patients.Conclusion. Based on the analysis of clinical and morphological features of head and neck lymphomas, epidemiological and clinical features are described in detail, and differences in the symptoms and clinical manifestations of non-Hodgkin’s and Hodgkin’s lymphomas with a predominant head and neck involvement are revealed.

Upper Abdominal Region Lymph Nodes

2008 ◽  
pp. 113-135
Author(s):  
Antonietta Augurio ◽  
Raffaella Basilico ◽  
Marco D’Alessandro
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Abdominal Region ◽  
Upper Abdominal

scholarly journals Identification of MrtAB, an ABC Transporter Specifically Required for Yersinia pseudotuberculosis to Colonize the Mesenteric Lymph Nodes

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e1002828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory T. Crimmins ◽  
Sina Mohammadi ◽  
Erin R. Green ◽  
Molly A. Bergman ◽  
Ralph R. Isberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Abc Transporter ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph

scholarly journals Identification of Attenuated Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Strains and Characterization of an Orogastric Infection in BALB/c Mice on Day 5 Postinfection by Signature-Tagged Mutagenesis

2001 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 2779-2787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Mecsas ◽  
Inna Bilis ◽  
Stanley Falkow
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Proximal Colon ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Host Animal ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph

ABSTRACT Yersinia pseudotuberculosis localizes to the distal ileum, cecum, and proximal colon of the gastrointestinal tract after oral infection. Using signature-tagged mutagenesis, we isolated 13Y. pseudotuberculosis mutants that failed to survive in the cecum of mice after orogastric inoculation. Twelve of these mutants were also attenuated for replication in the spleen after intraperitoneal infection, whereas one strain, mutated the gene encoding invasin, replicated as well as wild-type bacteria in the spleen. Several mutations were in operons encoding components of the type III secretion system, including components involved in translocating Yop proteins into host cells. This indicates that one or more Yops may be necessary for survival in the gastrointestinal tract. Three mutants were defective in O-antigen biosynthesis; these mutants were also unable to invade epithelial cells as efficiently as wild-typeY. pseudotuberculosis. Several other mutations were in genes that had not previously been associated with growth in a host, including cls, ksgA, and sufl. In addition, using Y. pseudotuberculosis strains marked with signature tags, we counted the number of different bacterial clones that were present in the cecum, mesenteric lymph nodes, and spleen 5 days postinfection. We find barriers in the host animal that limit the number of bacteria that succeed in reaching and/or replicating in the mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen after breaching the gut mucosa.

scholarly journals An outbreak of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection in a small indoor breeding colony of red-bellied (Saguinus labiatus) tamarins

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. Taffs ◽  
Glynis Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Breeding Colony ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
Saguinus Labiatus

A spontaneous outbreak of yersiniosis caused by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype IIB occurred in a small indoor breeding colony of red-bellied tamarins ( Saguinus labiatus) during the winter of 1981. Of 3S monkeys at risk 6 died of an acute or subacute infection over a period of 23 days. Clinical signs were anorexia, weakness, listlessness and depression. The disease was characterized by focal necrosis of the liver, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, ulcerative enteritis, and the presence of colonies of Gram-negative bacilli in the lesions. Y. pseudotuberculosis was isolated from the liver, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes and kidney but not from the blood, lung or intestine. Contaminated food was believed to be the source of infection.

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