scholarly journals Water Deficit Rapidly Stimulates the Activity of a Protein Kinase in the Elongation Zone of the Maize Primary Root

1997 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Conley ◽  
R. E. Sharp ◽  
J. C. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Elongation Zone

scholarly journals Cell Wall Proteome in the Maize Primary Root Elongation Zone. II. Region-Specific Changes in Water Soluble and Lightly Ionically Bound Proteins under Water Deficit

2007 ◽  
Vol 145 (4) ◽  
pp. 1533-1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinming Zhu ◽  
Sophie Alvarez ◽  
Ellen L. Marsh ◽  
Mary E. LeNoble ◽  
In-Jeong Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Elongation Zone ◽  
Zone Ii ◽  
Cell Wall Proteome

scholarly journals The Arabidopsis TETRATRICOPEPTIDE THIOREDOXIN-LIKE 1 Gene Is Involved in Anisotropic Root Growth during Osmotic Stress Adaptation

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
María Belén Cuadrado-Pedetti ◽  
Inés Rauschert ◽  
María Martha Sainz ◽  
Vítor Amorim-Silva ◽  
Miguel Angel Botella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Stress Adaptation ◽  
Elongation Zone ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
The Mean

Mutations in the Arabidopsis TETRATRICOPEPTIDE THIOREDOXIN-LIKE 1 (TTL1) gene cause reduced tolerance to osmotic stress evidenced by an arrest in root growth and root swelling, which makes it an interesting model to explore how root growth is controlled under stress conditions. We found that osmotic stress reduced the growth rate of the primary root by inhibiting the cell elongation in the elongation zone followed by a reduction in the number of cortical cells in the proximal meristem. We then studied the stiffness of epidermal cell walls in the root elongation zone of ttl1 mutants under osmotic stress using atomic force microscopy. In plants grown in control conditions, the mean apparent elastic modulus was 448% higher for live Col-0 cell walls than for ttl1 (88.1 ± 2.8 vs. 16.08 ± 6.9 kPa). Seven days of osmotic stress caused an increase in the stiffness in the cell wall of the cells from the elongation zone of 87% and 84% for Col-0 and ttl1, respectively. These findings suggest that TTL1 may play a role controlling cell expansion orientation during root growth, necessary for osmotic stress adaptation.

scholarly journals CBL-INTERACTING PROTEIN KINASE 9 regulates ammonium-dependent root growth downstream of IDD10 in rice (Oryza sativa)

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 947-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Hu Xuan ◽  
Vikranth Kumar ◽  
Xiao Han ◽  
Sung Hoon Kim ◽  
Jin Hee Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Ammonium Transporter ◽  
Growth Defect ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Low Efficiency

Abstract Background and Aims INDETERMINATE DOMAIN 10 (IDD10) is a key transcription factor gene that activates the expression of a large number of NH4+-responsive genes including AMMONIUM TRANSPORTER 1;2 (AMT1;2). Primary root growth of rice (Oryza sativa) idd10 mutants is hypersensitive to NH4+. The involvement of CALCINEURIN B-LIKE INTERACTING PROTEIN KINASE (CIPK) genes in the action of IDD10 on NH4+-mediated root growth was investigated. Methods Quantitative reverse transcription–PCR was used to analyse NH4+- and IDD10-dependent expression of CIPK genes. IDD10-regulated CIPK target genes were identified using electrophoretic mobility shift assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation and transient transcription assays. Root growth rate, ammonium content and 15N uptake of cipk mutants were measured to determine their sensitivity to NH4+ and to compare these phenotypes with those of idd10. The genetic relationship between CIPK9 OX and idd10 was investigated by crosses between the CIPK9 and IDD10 lines. Key Results AMT1;2 was overexpressed in idd10 to determine whether NH4+-hypersensitive root growth of idd10 resulted from limitations in NH4+ uptake or from low cellular levels of NH4+. High NH4+ levels in idd10/AMT1;2 OX did not rescue the root growth defect. Next, the involvement of CIPK genes in NH4+-dependent root growth and interactions between IDD10 and CIPK genes was investigated. Molecular analysis revealed that IDD10 directly activated transcription of CIPK9 and CIPK14. Expression of CIPK8, 9, 14/15 and 23 was sensitive to exogenous NH4+. Further studies revealed that cipk9 and idd10 had almost identical NH4+-sensitive root phenotypes, including low efficiency of 15NH4+ uptake. Analysis of plants containing both idd10 and CIPK9 OX showed that CIPK9 OX could rescue the NH4+-dependent root growth defects of idd10. Conclusions CIPK9 was involved in NH4+-dependent root growth and appeared to act downstream of IDD10. This information will be useful in future explorations of NH4+ signalling in plants.

scholarly journals Some Mechanisms Modulating the Root Growth of Various Wheat Species under Osmotic-Stress Conditions

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1545
Author(s):  
Nina V. Terletskaya ◽  
Tamara E. Lee ◽  
Nazira A. Altayeva ◽  
Nataliya O. Kudrina ◽  
Irina V. Blavachinskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Wheat Species ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Species Specific

The role of the root in water supply and plant viability is especially important if plants are subjected to stress at the juvenile stage. This article describes the study of morphophysiological and cytological responses, as well as elements of the anatomical structure of primary roots of three wheat species, Triticum monococcum L., Triticum dicoccum Shuebl., and Triticum aestivum L., to osmotic stress. It was shown that the degree of plasticity of root morphology in water deficit affected the growth and development of aboveground organs. It was found that in conditions of osmotic stress, the anatomical root modulations were species-specific. In control conditions the increase in absolute values of root diameter was reduced with the increase in the ploidy of wheat species. Species-specific cytological responses to water deficit of apical meristem cells were also shown. The development of plasmolysis, interpreted as a symptom of reduced viability apical meristem cells, was revealed. A significant increase in enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase under osmotic stress was found to be one of the mechanisms that could facilitate root elongation in adverse conditions. The tetraploid species T. dicoccum Shuebl. were confirmed as a source of traits of drought tolerant primary root system for crosses with wheat cultivars.

scholarly journals Cell Wall Proteome in the Maize Primary Root Elongation Zone. I. Extraction and Identification of Water-Soluble and Lightly Ionically Bound Proteins

2005 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinming Zhu ◽  
Sixue Chen ◽  
Sophie Alvarez ◽  
Victor S. Asirvatham ◽  
Daniel P. Schachtman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Elongation Zone ◽  
Cell Wall Proteome

scholarly journals Osmoprotection in Salvia hispanica L. seeds under water stress attenuators

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Costa ◽  
E. P. Paiva ◽  
S. B. Torres ◽  
M. L. Souza Neta ◽  
K. T. O. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Salvia Hispanica

Abstract Salvia hispanica cultivation is recent in Brazil and occurs in the off-season, when there is lower water availability in the soil. Water deficit is one of the abiotic factors that most limit germination for compromising the sequence of metabolic events that culminate with seedling emergence. Several attenuating substances have been used to mitigate the effects resulting from this stress and give higher tolerance to the species. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the action of different agents as water stress attenuators in the germination and accumulation of organic compounds in S. hispanica seedlings. The treatments consisted of pre-soaking the seeds for 4 hours in salicylic acid (1 mM.L-1), gibberellic acid (0.4 mM.L-1), distilled water and control treatment (without soaking). The seeds were germinated at osmotic potentials of 0.0, -0.1, -0.2, -0.3 and -0.4 MPa, using PEG 6000 as an osmotic agent. The variables germination percentage, germination speed index, shoot and primary root lengths, total dry mass, proline, total soluble sugars and total free amino acids were analyzed. Salicylic acid and gibberellic acid led to the best results among the attenuators tested, increasing germination, length, dry mass and biochemical components of S. hispanica seedlings under water deficit. Therefore, salicylic and gibberellic acids are efficient in mitigating water stress in S. hispanica seeds up to the potential of -0.4 MPa.

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