Design and prototyping of GSM-bluetooth based solar energy remote monitoring system

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper Kerem ◽  
Abdusselam Yazgan
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Liquid Crystal Display ◽  
Surface Current ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Surface Cooling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Remote Monitoring System ◽  
Pv Panel

Purpose The purpose of this study is to monitor the surface cooling of the photovoltaic (PV) panel and the effect of the dust accumulated on the panel surface on the electrical efficiency remotely and instantaneously. Design/methodology/approach An autonomous system has been designed that can measure and record the PV surface temperature, the amount of dust on the surface, current, voltage and power values at certain intervals. It can also perform surface cooling and cleaning with water cycle when the temperature and dust amount reach certain threshold values and transmit these values to the user via global system for mobile communications module, Bluetooth module and graphically with a touchscreen liquid crystal display panel. Thus, it is aimed to benefit from PV at the maximum level, and it was installed in Kahramanmaras Sütçü Imam University Faculty of Engineering and Architecture. Findings An increase in power was observed for PV surface cooling and surface dust removal by 3.78% and 45.99%, respectively. Originality/value This system is of vital importance in terms of time and energy-saving, especially for solar plants far from the city center, which are difficult to access because of climatic conditions. In other hand for future studies, it is foreseen that more efficiency gains can be achieved by using artificial intelligence and image processing techniques.

Mobile communications: a comprehensive hierarchical modelling approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Daniel Clemes ◽  
Xin Shu ◽  
Christopher Gan
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Switching Costs ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Perceived Value ◽  
Corporate Image ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Customer Perceived Value

Purpose – Global mobile communication is one of the most dynamic and important service markets. Several researchers suggest using a theoretical approach to develop a much deeper insight into key marketing constructs such as service quality, customer perceived value, customer satisfaction, perceived switching costs, corporate image, and customer loyalty is of vital importance to the mobile communications market. This study aims to develop and test a comprehensive hierarchical model of these six important constructs. The model also incorporates the retailing function of a major mobile communication provider. Design/methodology/approach – The research sample of 516 was drawn from customers of one of the largest mobile communications service providers in China. The data were analysed using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling. Findings – The results of the study support using a hierarchical and multidimensional approach for conceptualising and measuring customers' perceptions of service quality in the mobile communications market. In addition, the findings illustrate that service quality is an important determinant of customer perceived value, customer satisfaction, corporate image, and perceived switching costs. Customer perceived value is also an antecedent of customer satisfaction. Corporate image, customer satisfaction, and perceived switching costs are three key drivers of customer loyalty. However, the findings also indicate that corporate image is not an important determinant of customer satisfaction and that customer perceived value is not a key driver of customer loyalty. Originality/value – This is the first paper that has developed and tested a comprehensive hierarchical model of the mobile communications market.

Field survey on frost damage to roof tiles under climatic conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiemi Iba ◽  
Ayumi Ueda ◽  
Shuichi Hokoi
Keyword(s):  
Field Survey ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Roof Tile ◽  
Deterioration Process ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – Frost damage is well-known as the main cause of roof tile deterioration. The purpose of this paper is to develop an analytical model for predicting the deterioration process under certain climatic conditions. This paper describes the results of a field survey conducted to acquire fundamental information useful to this aim. Design/methodology/approach – A field survey of roof tile damage by freezing was conducted in an old temple precinct in Kyoto, Japan. Using detailed observations and photographic recordings, the damage progress was clarified. To examine the impact of climatic conditions upon the damage characteristics, weather data and roof tile temperatures were measured and logged in the winter season. Findings – The deterioration process was observed under the climatic conditions associated with the measured temperature of the roof tiles. In particular, it was revealed that the orientation has a significant influence on increasing or decreasing the risk of frost damage. For certain distinctive forms of damage, the deterioration mechanisms were estimated from the viewpoint of the moisture flow and temperature distribution in the tile. Originality/value – This study contributes to the elucidation of the mechanism behind frost damage to roof tiles. The findings will guide the construction of a numerical model for frost damage prediction.

scholarly journals Environmental effectiveness of the cross compliance standard 4.6 ‘Minimum livestock stocking rates and/or appropriate regimens’

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1s) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Sepe ◽  
Mauro Salis ◽  
Rosa Francaviglia ◽  
Marco Fedrizzi ◽  
Antonio Melchiorre Carroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Environmental Effectiveness ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Stocking Rates ◽  
Cross Compliance

The paper presents the main results of the monitoring on the effectiveness of the cross compliance standard 4.6 ‘Minimum livestock stocking rates and/or appropriate regimes’ carried out in two case studies within the project MO.NA.CO: sheep grazing in medium-rich pastures in southern Apennines and in the plain of Sardinia, Italy. The monitoring involved aspects related to soil, flora, livestock and economics (competitiveness differential). The study showed, although in the short term, that the minimum stocking rate 0.2 LU/ha/year was not effective and, conversely, the effectiveness of the maximum level of stocking rate (4 LU/ha) for the maintenance of the habitat. The generalization in applying minimum and maximum rate, not taking into account the climatic conditions, forage resources or farming system (including the species of grazing animal) may lead to a serious nullification of the conditions of the Standard. The authors recommend to identify homogeneous areas and eligible specific stocking rates from all Italian regions, also considering the animal species.

scholarly journals Performance study of MATLAB modelled PV panel and conventional PV panel interfaced with LabVIEW

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.17) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Jaiganesh K ◽  
Karuppiah N ◽  
Ravivarman S ◽  
Md Asif
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Black Body ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Irradiation Condition ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Proposed Model

The maximum electrical energy conversion efficiency of the Solar PV panel is up to 22% in normal conventional roof- top system under the temperature of 25˚C on Standard Test Condition (STC). In Indian climatic conditions, the atmospheric temperature is mostly above 35˚C to 45˚C, it incites 35˚C to 80˚C temperature on the PV panel. The black body of the PV panel absorbs more heat. This temperature affects the electrical efficiency of the panel significantly. This paper proposes the mathematical modelling of the solar PV panel for different solar irradiation and the temperature. The experimental evaluation is conducted in the latitude of 11.36 (N) and longitude 77.82 (E). The testing and monitoring was done with LabVIEW based National Instruments hardware such as NI cDAQ-9178, NI DAQ - 9227 and NI DAQ 9225. The comparative study between the simulated result and real time hardware results are discussed in this paper. The test result shows that the output of the proposed model mismatches with the experimental output of the solar PV panel due to the negative correlation between the efficiency and temperature for variable irradiation condition. It shows a power difference of 9.41W between the output of the proposed model and the experimental setup.  

Design and optimization of heating, cooling and lightening systems for a residential villa at Saman city, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javad Riahi Zaniani ◽  
Shahab Taghipour Ghahfarokhi ◽  
Mehdi Jahangiri ◽  
Akbar Alidadi Shamsabadi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Annual Reduction ◽  
Reduction Of Energy Consumption ◽  
Heating Loads

Purpose This paper, using energy softwares, designed of Iran and optimized a residential villa in Saman city located in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. Design/methodology/approach Having used the ideas of Climate Consultant software, the basic designing was conducted by Design Builder Software, and the cooling and heating loads and lighting tools and equipment were calculated. Then, the amount of consuming of heating, cooling and lighting load of the building was optimized through insulation of walls and ceiling, using green roof, double glazing UPVC windows, light intensity sensor and variable refrigerant flow (VRF) system. Findings Simulation results for the stated scenarios showed an annual reduction in energy consumption of 21.1, 7.9, 26.41, 27.3 and 72.3 per cent, respectively. Also, by combining all the five scenarios, an optimal state was achieved which, from the results, brought about an annual reduction of 86.9 per cent in the energy consumption. Originality/value The authors hope that the results of the current paper could be helpful for designers and engineers in reduction of energy consumption for designing a building in similar climatic conditions.

Performance Analysis of Photo Voltaic Trombe Wall for Tropical Climate

2013 ◽  
Vol 465-466 ◽  
pp. 211-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashif Irshad ◽  
Khairul Habib ◽  
Nagarajan Thirumalaiswamy ◽  
Anas Elrayah Ahmed Elmahdi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Load ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Cell Temperature ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Trombe Wall ◽  
Thermal Properties Of Materials ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Electrical Energy Production

The present study examines the performance of a single zone building integrated with PV Trombe wall (PV-TW) in term of thermal load reduction and electrical energy production by varying PV Glazing types (i.e. Single Glazing, Double glazing, Double glazing filled with gas (Argon)). TRNSYS software is used for simulation in which inputs like climatic conditions, building construction details, thermal properties of materials, detail of PV-TW and orientation of building is inserted. By comparing the results of all three types of glazing it is found that PV Double glazing filled with argon shows significant reduction in mean air duct temperature, hence reduces the PV cell temperature and increases power production of PV panel. Also solar radiation captured by massive wall of PV-TW is reduced by using PV Double glazing filled with argon as compared to other types of glazing, which further reduces thermal load inside the building.

Immersive reading in virtual and augmented reality environment

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Luen Patrick Rau ◽  
Jian Zheng ◽  
Zhi Guo
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Liquid Crystal Display ◽  
Reading Speed ◽  
Reading Performance ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Head Mounted Displays ◽  
Virtual And Augmented Reality ◽  
Display Quality ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

Purpose This study aims to investigate “immersive reading,” which occurs when individuals read text while in a virtual reality (VR) or augmented reality (AR) environment. Design/methodology/approach In Experiment 1, 64 participants read text passages and answered multiple-choice questions in VR and AR head-mounted displays (HMDs) compared with doing the same task on liquid crystal display (LCD). In Experiment 2, 31 participants performed the same reading tasks but with two VR HMDs of different display quality. Findings Compared with reading on LCD as the baseline, participants reading in VR and AR HMDs got 82% (VR) and 88% (AR) of the information accurately. Participants tended to respond more accurately and faster, though not statistically significant, with the VR HMD of higher pixel density in the speed-reading task. Originality/value The authors observed the speed and accuracy of reading in VR and AR environments, compared with the reading speed and accuracy on an LCD monitor. The authors also compared the reading performance on two VR HMDs that differed in display quality but were otherwise similar in every way.

scholarly journals Nested Species Distribution Models of Chlamydiales in Ixodes ricinus (Tick) Hosts in Switzerland

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Estelle Rochat ◽  
Séverine Vuilleumier ◽  
Sébastien Aeby ◽  
Gilbert Greub ◽  
Stéphane Joost
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Ixodes Ricinus ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Distribution Maps

ABSTRACT The tick Ixodes ricinus is the vector of various pathogens, including Chlamydiales bacteria, which potentially cause respiratory infections. In this study, we modeled the spatial distribution of I. ricinus and associated Chlamydiales over Switzerland from 2009 to 2019. We used a total of 2,293 ticks and 186 Chlamydiales occurrences provided by a Swiss Army field campaign, a collaborative smartphone application, and a prospective campaign. For each tick location, we retrieved from Swiss federal data sets the environmental factors reflecting the topography, climate, and land cover. We then used the Maxent modeling technique to estimate the suitability of particular areas for I. ricinus and to subsequently build the nested niche of Chlamydiales bacteria. Results indicate that I. ricinus habitat suitability is determined by higher temperature and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values, lower temperature during the driest months, and a higher percentage of artificial and forest areas. The performance of the model was improved when extracting the environmental variables for a 100-m radius buffer around the sampling points and when considering the climatic conditions of the 2 years previous to the sampling date. Chlamydiales bacteria were favored by a lower percentage of artificial surfaces, drier conditions, high precipitation during the coldest months, and short distances to wetlands. From 2009 to 2018, we observed an extension of areas suitable to ticks and Chlamydiales, associated with a shift toward higher altitude. The importance of considering spatiotemporal variations in the environmental conditions for obtaining better prediction was also demonstrated. IMPORTANCE Ixodes ricinus is the vector of pathogens including the agent of Lyme disease, the tick-borne encephalitis virus, and the less well-known Chlamydiales bacteria, which are responsible for certain respiratory infections. In this study, we identified the environmental factors influencing the presence of I. ricinus and Chlamydiales in Switzerland and generated maps of their distribution from 2009 to 2018. We found an important expansion of suitable areas for both the tick and the bacteria during the last decade. Results also provided the environmental factors that determine the presence of Chlamydiales within ticks. Distribution maps as generated here are expected to bring valuable information for decision makers in controlling tick-borne diseases in Switzerland and establishing prevention campaigns. The methodological framework presented could be used to predict the distribution and spread of other host-pathogen pairs to identify environmental factors driving their distribution and to develop control or prevention strategies accordingly.

scholarly journals Satellite Remote Sensing of Precipitation and the Terrestrial Water Cycle in a Changing Climate

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 2301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Levizzani ◽  
Elsa Cattani
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Water Vapor Transport ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Active Sensors ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Terrestrial Water ◽  
Life On Earth

The water cycle is the most essential supporting physical mechanism ensuring the existence of life on Earth. Its components encompass the atmosphere, land, and oceans. The cycle is composed of evaporation, evapotranspiration, sublimation, water vapor transport, condensation, precipitation, runoff, infiltration and percolation, groundwater flow, and plant uptake. For a correct closure of the global water cycle, observations are needed of all these processes with a global perspective. In particular, precipitation requires continuous monitoring, as it is the most important component of the cycle, especially under changing climatic conditions. Passive and active sensors on board meteorological and environmental satellites now make reasonably complete data available that allow better measurements of precipitation to be made from space, in order to improve our understanding of the cycle’s acceleration/deceleration under current and projected climate conditions. The article aims to draw an up-to-date picture of the current status of observations of precipitation from space, with an outlook to the near future of the satellite constellation, modeling applications, and water resource management.

Operational efficiency effects of blockchain technology implementation in firms

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-181
Author(s):  
Mohammad Raihanul Hasan ◽  
Deng Shiming ◽  
Mollah Aminul Islam ◽  
Muhammed Zakir Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Technology Implementation ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Operational Efficiency ◽  
Stock Exchanges ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Estimation

Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of blockchain technology on firms’ operational efficiency in the context of China. Design/methodology/approach The authors use panel data for blockchain-based companies listed on stock exchanges in China (Shanghai, Shenzhen and Hong Kong) between 2014 and 2018. The operational efficiency of firms that deploy blockchain technology is evaluated using ordinary least squares and system generalized method of moments estimation. Findings Results suggest that companies’ current year performance exceeds the previous year performance because of blockchain deployment in firms’ operations. Firms with higher financial leverage and return on assets reap more benefits from blockchain. Larger and older firms benefit less from blockchain implementation. Stochastic frontier estimation suggests that, on average, firms attain a 57.76 per cent technical efficiency level, or, put differently, they operate 42.24 per cent below their maximum level of potential output. Originality/value Blockchain can benefit firms in terms of consensus, security and trust, spurring the evolution of a new form of organizational dynamics. This study explores the theory of transactional cost analysis under blockchain technology. In addition, this study hypothesizes and empirically demonstrates the significant impacts of blockchain technology on corporations’ operational efficiency, using audited, externally reported financial data. Industry professionals can reap benefits from this research by noticing the magnitude of changes in firms’ financial parameters attributable to blockchain adoption.

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