scholarly journals R&D value of Chinese manufacturing listed companies

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-262
Author(s):  
An Tongliang ◽  
Wang Wenyi
Keyword(s):  
Investor Sentiment ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Chinese Stock Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Enterprise Value ◽  
Asset Value ◽  
Value Model ◽  
D Investment ◽  
D Value

Purpose The way to measure the value of an enterprise’s R&D investments remains elusive for theoretical and empirical study on innovation economics. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach This paper expands the asset-value model pioneered by Griliches (1981) and applies it for the first time to the Chinese stock market to calculate the value of R&D investment instilled by Chinese manufacturing listed companies (CMLCs) from 2003 to 2014. Findings The authors find that: the assets-value model can better explain the enterprise value composition of CMLCs; with equal input, the value of R&D is higher than that of tangible assets, and lower than that of organizational assets; compared with the developed countries, the R&D value of CMLCs is lower; and the R&D value of CMLCs saw a downward trend from 2007 to 2014. Originality/value Furthermore, by rationally estimating the value of organizational assets and non-tradable shares, and innovatively introducing semi-annual momentum indicators from the perspective of behavioral finance to control the influence of investor sentiment on enterprise value, this paper tries to develop the asset-value model and provides a feasible solution to the problem of measuring the value of Chinese enterprises’ R&D investment.

The chief financial officer (CFO) profile and R&D investment intensity: evidence from listed European companies

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Ginesti ◽  
Rosanna Spanò ◽  
Luca Ferri ◽  
Adele Caldarelli
Keyword(s):  
Listed Companies ◽  
Master Of Business Administration ◽  
Chief Financial Officer ◽  
Corporate Investments ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Doctor Of Philosophy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
D Investment ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis study aims to investigate whether the characteristics of the chief financial officer (CFO) have an impact on the intensity of the corporate research and development (R&D) investment.Design/methodology/approachBased on hand-collected data for the CFOs of a sample of the largest European listed companies for the period 2013–2016, this study uses regression analyses to test empirically the association of CFO education, CFO gender and CFO age with R&D investment intensity.FindingsThe presence of female CFOs, CFOs with a Master of Business Administration (MBA) or Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree and older CFOs is positively associated with the intensity of R&D investment.Research limitations/implicationsThis study relies on some observable characteristics of CFOs and focuses on large listed companies.Practical implicationsThe results of this study may help investors, stakeholders and practitioners to understand better which type of CFO characteristics are more likely to result in higher firm-level R&D investment intensity.Originality/valueThis study offers the first insights into the impact of CFOs, as the most prominent C-suite executives, on the level of corporate investments in R&D activity.

Investment-cash flow sensitivity and financial constraints: evidence from Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasir Riaz ◽  
Yasir Shahab ◽  
Robina Bibi ◽  
Shumaila Zeb
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cash Flow Sensitivity

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide new insights about investment-cash flow sensitivities (ICFS) as a representative of financial constraints, by examining panel data consisting of 288 listed firms in Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a panel data methodology and first difference generalized method of moments to control the problems of heterogeneity and endogeneity. By five different criteria, estimations are made for full and pre-classified sub-samples. Sargan test and Arellano-Bond serial correlation statistic are used for identification and validation of instruments and model. Findings According to the results, the ICFS has increased monotonically with the level of financial constraints. Further, the results depict that ICFS for the constrained group is much higher as compared to the unconstrained group. Overall, the result illustrates positively significant ICFS. Practical implications This study confirms signs of imperfections in the capital market, which leads to financial markets inaccessibility preceded by high under-investment costs and low social and economic development. Thus, proper policy designing and instigation are necessary for the subsidies, taxation, and foreign direct investment and later for financial market development and promotion of private corporate investment. Originality/value Previous studies have mostly focused on developed countries where large listed companies work in well-developed financial markets and do not face severe financial constraints because of the greater market integration (Bekaert et al., 2011, 2013) and superior investor protection laws (Djankov et al., 2008; La porta et al., 1998). However, this study focuses on listed companies from the emerging Pakistani market, which will bring forth the interesting aspects of ICFS and will enhance the existing literature effectively.

scholarly journals Governance and ownership in Malaysia: their impacts on corporate performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-298
Author(s):  
Nazli Anum Mohd Ghazali
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Corporate Performance ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Government Ownership ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Content Type

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to examine the relative influence of regulatory enhancements relating to corporate governance and attributes of business traits on performance of Malaysian listed companies.Design/methodology/approachRegression analysis was performed on all 742 non-financial main board companies listed on Bursa Malaysia using data from 2013 annual reports.FindingsThe results show that the number of board meetings held during the year, role separation and board size have a significant impact on corporate performance. By contrast, independent directors, government ownership and director ownership do not influence corporate performance.Research limitations/implicationsThe study investigated non-financial companies for the financial year 2013. Hence, the results may not apply to financial companies and other years. Future research can perhaps include all types of listed companies and carry out a longitudinal study to gain more comprehensive results and understanding on the relationship between corporate governance and corporate performance. Additionally, future research could also consider employing a different methodology to further unveil factors influencing corporate performance.Practical implicationsThe above findings provide new evidence of the effectiveness of the Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance in improving company performance. The significance of board meetings, role separation and board size shows the importance of internal governance in shaping company processes and hence performance.Originality/valueThe result suggests that although the Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance follows the corporate governance code of developed countries, the applicability of the recommendations to a developing country is evidenced. Companies in Malaysia are predominantly government-owned or closely held, but it appears that role separation matters even in these types of companies in achieving better performance.

The emotional cost-of-carry: Chinese investor sentiment and equity index futures basis

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Cao ◽  
Ziran Li ◽  
Kees G. Koedijk ◽  
Xiang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Investor Sentiment ◽  
Stock Index ◽  
Stock Index Futures ◽  
Chinese Stock Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Index Futures ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Cost Of Carry ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Equity Index

PurposeWhile the classic futures pricing tool works well for capital markets that are less affected by sentiment, it needs further modification in China's case as retail investors constitute a large portion of the Chinese stock market participants. Their expectations of the rate of return are prone to emotional swings. This paper, therefore, explores the role of investor sentiment in explaining futures basis changes via the channel of implied discount rates.Design/methodology/approachUsing Chinese equity market data from 2010 to 2019, the authors augment the cost-of-carry model for pricing stock index futures by incorporating the investor sentiment factor. This design allows us to estimate the basis in a better way that reflects the relationship between the underlying index price and its futures price.FindingsThe authors find strong evidence that the measure of Chinese investor sentiment drives the abnormal fluctuations in the basis of China's stock index futures. Moreover, this driving force turns out to be much less prominent for large-cap stocks, liquid contracting frequencies, regulatory loosening periods and mature markets, further verifying the sentiment argument for basis mispricing.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature by relying on investor sentiment measures to explain the persistent discount anomaly of index futures basis in China. This finding is of great importance for Chinese investors with the intention to implement arbitrage, hedging and speculation strategies.

How does investor sentiment impact stock volatility? New evidence from Shanghai A-shares market

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejun Xie ◽  
Yu Cui ◽  
Yujian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Investor Sentiment ◽  
Chinese Stock Market ◽  
Stock Volatility ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mixed Frequency ◽  
Frequency Sampling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe focus of the current research is to examine whether mixed-frequency investor sentiment affects stock volatility in the China A-shares stock market.Design/methodology/approachMixed-frequency sampling models are employed to find the relationship between stock market volatility and mixed-frequency investor sentiment. Principal analysis and MIDAS-GARCH model are used to calibrate the impact of investor sentiment on the large-horizon components of volatility of Shanghai composite stocks.FindingsThe results show that the volatility in Chinese stock market is positively influenced by B–W investor sentiment index, when the sentiment index encompasses weighted mixed frequencies with different horizons. In particular, the impact of mixed-frequency investor sentiment is most significantly on the large-horizon components of volatility. Moreover, it is demonstrated that mixed-frequency sampling model has better explanatory powers than exogenous regression models when accounting for the relationship between investor sentiment and stock volatility.Practical implicationsGiven the various unique features of Chinese stock market and its importance as the major representative of world emerging markets, the findings of the current paper are of particularly scholarly and practical significance by shedding lights to the applicableness GARCH-MIDAS in the focused frontiers.Originality/valueA more accurate and insightful understanding of volatility has always been one of the core scholarly pursuits since the influential structural time series modeling of Engle (1982) and the seminal work of Engle and Rangel (2008) attempting to accommodate macroeconomic factors into volatility models. However, the studies in this regard are so far relatively scarce with mixed conclusions. The current study fills such gaps with improved MIDAS-GARCH approach and new evidence from Shanghai A-share market.

Investor sentiment, property nature and corporate investment efficiency

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbin Huang ◽  
Guanghui Jin ◽  
Jingnan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Investor Sentiment ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Private Enterprises ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
Soft Budget Constraint ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Credit Financing ◽  
Enterprise Investment

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to expand the investor sentiment’s effect on investment efficiency to the layer of “credit financing,” studying whether investor sentiment can affect credit financing level and the inner mechanism of the effect. Design/methodology/approach – The authors obtain firm-level data from the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets and using panel estimation techniques examine whether investor sentiment can affect credit financing level and the inner mechanism of the effect. Findings – This paper finds that credit financing plays the role of partial media in the process of investor sentiment affecting investment efficiency. Based on the funds increasing effect, with the high-investor sentiment and increasing credit financing, corporations alleviate the financing constraints, but also provide a convenient for the abuse of corporate funds. So, investor sentiment positively associates with enterprises’ overinvestment, while investor sentiment negatively associates with enterprises’ underinvestment. Relying on the particular system background and property right environment in China, this paper finds that investor sentiment has an effect on the overinvestment of state-owned enterprises and the underinvestment of private enterprises through credit financing channel, while it does not function in the overinvestment of private enterprises. The reason of the difference is that under the soft budget constraint in the country, the credit preference of state-owned enterprises and the creditor’s rights management of banks are partially absent. Research limitations/implications – By fusing the special financial environment and institutional background, this thesis further includes in the analysis frame the difference in governance effect by credit financing between state-owned and privately owned listed companies, and further analyzes the difference in impact on investment efficiency in enterprises of different natures after investor sentiment has affected enterprise credit financing. Practical implications – This paper has verified the constraint assumption and deepened the research work on bank credit supply and answered practical questions such as whether the banks in the country exercise supervision function over the listed companies and on which kind of listed companies the supervision function plays a more effective role. Social implications – As an unofficial substitution mechanism, bank-enterprise relationship can elevate the investment efficiency by private owned enterprises. Based on the timely research results on credit financing, reference is provided for private listed companies to utilize investor sentiment to improve its investment efficiency. Originality/value – This paper has proved the specific path which creates the dual effects on resources allocation by investor sentiment, that is, the intermediary transmission in credit financing, clarifying the mechanism of action by which investor sentiment affects the efficiency of enterprise investment and making incremental contribution to the research of how investor sentiment affects the efficiency of enterprise investment.

scholarly journals Assessing The Impact Path of Air Quality On Enterprise R&D Investment: Empirical Evidences From Dual Perspectives of Investor Sentiment And Government Concern

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialiang Yang ◽  
Dan He
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Investor Sentiment ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Investment Decision Making ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
D Investment

Abstract Based on the data of Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2015 to 2019, this paper studies the influence paths of air quality on R&D investment of listed companies from the perspectives of investor sentiment and government concern. It is found that, on the whole, air quality has a significant inhibitory effect on R&D investment. Air quality has a significant promoting effect on investor sentiment, which serves as a path to further restrain the R&D investment of listed companies. Air pollution is an effective concern for the government, and serves as a veil between air quality and R&D investment. Furthermore, this paper analyzes the heterogeneity of enterprises from the aspects of regional technology complexity, property right nature, whether it is a polluting enterprise or not, and whether it is a key regulated enterprise or not, and comes to relevant conclusions. This paper expands the research on air quality and enterprise R&D investment decision-making, which helps to clarify and improve the transmission mechanism and implementation effect of environmental protection policies.

Does investor sentiment differently affect stocks in different sectors? Evidence from China

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongli Niu ◽  
Yao Lu ◽  
Weiqing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Stock Returns ◽  
Investor Sentiment ◽  
Wavelet Coherence ◽  
Chinese Stock Market ◽  
Frequency Method ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Normal Period

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the dynamic relationship between the investor sentiment and the return of various sectors in the Chinese stock market.Design/methodology/approachThe wavelet coherence and wavelet phase angle approaches are used to study the lead–lag associations between sentiment index and stock returns in a time–frequency way. The multiscale linear and nonlinear Granger causality tests are performed to explore whether there is a causality between them.FindingsThe empirical results show that during normal period, investor sentiment index has a stronger relationship with stock returns of industrials, consumer discretionary, health care, utilities, real estate and financial sectors. In crisis period, investor sentiment has a significant positive relationship with all industry sectors. In the short term, there is bidirectional causality between investor sentiment and stock returns of all sectors. In the medium and long run, almost all sector stock returns Granger-cause the investors' sentiment index but investor sentiment does not Granger-cause all sectors, which is in contrast to the developed markets.Practical implicationsThe interindustry impact of investment sentiment on the stock market can help construct arbitrage portfolio by investors who are interested in Chinese stock market.Originality/valueThis paper focuses on the industry sector differences of investor sentiment impact on the Chinese stock market. As far as the authors know, this is the first paper to explore the time–frequency relationship between sentiment index and industry stock returns in China using the time–frequency method based on wavelet coherence, which considers the heterogeneity of different types of investors' responses to various economic and financial events.

The impact of board composition on the level of ESG disclosures in GCC countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Arayssi ◽  
Mohammad Jizi ◽  
Hala Hussein Tabaja
Keyword(s):  
Boards Of Directors ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Board Composition ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gcc Countries ◽  
Gulf Countries ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the impact of board composition on environmental, social and governance (ESG) reporting in the Gulf countries. Despite the vast literature on the significance of ESG disclosure on firms’ performance, trust and reputation, there are relatively few studies on the influence of board structure on ESG disclosure in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Gulf countries are witnessing a fast growing capital markets and having serious efforts to attract foreign investments to divert their economies from the oil and gas reliance. This could be facilitated by illustrating firms’ good citizenship and communicating the fulfillment of their social obligation. Design/methodology/approach The study examines publically listed companies between 2008 and 2017. Thomson Reuter’s database is used to collect the ESG disclosure scores and governance information. The authors apply multiple panel data regressions and sensitivity testing to ensure the robustness of the results. Findings Examining publically listed companies for a 10-year period shows that higher board independence and female board participation facilitate the transmission of a firm’s positive image by improving social responsibility. Independent boards of directors and participation among women serve as catalysts to strike an effective balance between firms’ financial targets and social responsibilities. In contrast, boards chaired by chief executive officers are less supportive in executing a social agenda and consequently reporting their ESG activities. Practical implications The results suggest that firms that appoint a sustainability and/or governance committee tend to engage in more impactful social and environmental activities and communicate their societal engagements more effectively. Social implications The paper recommends that policymakers, executives and shareholders in the GCC countries support board participation among women, independent directors and formation of sustainability committees to facilitate engaging in effectual social activities. Originality/value Empirical evidence regarding the relationship between board composition and ESG disclosure in the Gulf countries is limited. Prior literature mainly provides results on developed countries in which the governance system is mature and well structured. This study provides useful evidence regarding the Gulf countries that lack privatization and where corporate boards tend to be dominated by families and governments.

R&D reporting methods and firm value: evidence from China

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanni Wang ◽  
Weiguo Fan
Keyword(s):  
Stock Prices ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Accounting Choice ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Accounting Report ◽  
D Investment

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate how different research and development (R&D) accounting choice (capitalization and expensing) affects the value of the listed companies under the new Chinese Accounting Standards (CAS) background. According to new CAS, R&D expenditure can either be expensed as incurred as a whole or partly capitalized and partly expensed from 2007. Design/methodology/approach – The paper takes the form of an empirical study using a hand-collected sample of 3,664 observations from Chinese listed companies over 2007–2012 timeframe. Findings – It is found that different methods of reporting R&D investments do affect the value of listed firms in China. Specifically, the firms that chose to capitalize their R&D investments have higher stock price and return. On the contrary, the companies that select to expense their R&D expenditures have lower stock price and return. It is also found that capitalized R&D investments are positively connected to stock price, while expensed R&D expenditures are negatively related to stock prices. Research limitations/implications – This paper researches and finds the value relevance of R&D capitalization and expensing from the accounting report method itself. This explores some interesting research questions. Does choice of accounting method for R&D expenditure affect firm valuation? Do different methods of reporting R&D investments transfer different signal to investors? Does expensed R&D carry a negative signal to investors? So it can expand the existing R&D area of research. Practical implications – This paper can provide empirical evidence and decision support for corporate managers, R&D policy makers and investors in a non-mandatory disclosure market of R&D expenditure. Because different R&D accounting choice has different market reactions, managers can choose a favorable method of reporting R&D investments to raise their firm’s stock price. Policy makers should standardize accounting treatment of R&D expenditure, strengthen the disclosure of R&D information and develop a detailed, workable R&D capitalization accounting policies and procedures. Investors can make the right judgment and decision on business innovation capability and future development only by getting more R&D investment information. Originality/value – Different from present studies focusing on the value relevance of R&D investment, this paper explores an interesting topic showing how different methods of reporting R&D investment in China affect the value of the firms.

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