Differences among women in response to workplace incivility

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-299
Author(s):  
Mercy C. Oyet ◽  
Kara A. Arnold ◽  
Kathryne E. Dupré
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Workplace Incivility ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
Women’S Perceptions ◽  
Post Secondary Institution ◽  
Female Employees ◽  
And Gender

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the consequences of experienced workplace incivility when female employees perceive that they are different from their workgroup. The authors examine how women’s perceptions of demographic dissimilarity from their workgroup moderate the relationships between incivility and psychological wellbeing, and between incivility and turnover intentions. Design/methodology/approach A total of 125 female employees of a post-secondary institution participated in this study. Participants were recruited through an electronic mailing list over the course of one month and completed an online survey. Findings Experienced workplace incivility among females is related to poorer psychological wellbeing and higher turnover intentions. Controlling for actual age and gender dissimilarity at the department level, perceived gender dissimilarity from one’s workgroup moderated the workplace incivility-turnover intentions relationship, whereby the relationship was strengthened at low, but not high levels of experienced incivility. Perceived gender dissimilarity did not moderate the incivility–psychological wellbeing relationship. Perceived age dissimilarity was not a significant moderator. Research limitations/implications The role of perceived dissimilarity and other personal contextual variables should be considered in future work on selective incivility. Perceived dissimilarity can influence some of the negative outcomes associated with incivility, particularly at low levels. Originality/value This research extends the selective incivility literature by incorporating a relational demography perspective to the study of female targets’ experience of workplace incivility. Findings suggest that perceptions of difference may affect the interpretation and outcomes associated with females’ experience of incivility.

When is an Islamic work ethic more likely to spur helping behavior? The roles of despotic leadership and gender

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 630-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk De Clercq ◽  
Inam Ul Haq ◽  
Usman Raja ◽  
Muhammad Umer Azeem ◽  
Norashikin Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Work Ethic ◽  
Work Values ◽  
Helping Behavior ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Islamic Work Ethic ◽  
Female Employees ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Voluntary Basis ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how employees’ Islamic work ethic might enhance their propensity to help their coworkers on a voluntary basis, as well as how this relationship might be invigorated by despotic leadership. It also considers how the invigorating role of despotic leadership might depend on employees’ gender. Design/methodology/approach Survey data were collected from employees and their supervisors in Pakistani organizations. Findings Islamic work values relate positively to helping behaviors, and this relationship is stronger when employees experience despotic leadership, because their values motivate them to protect their colleagues against the hardships created by such leadership. This triggering role of despotic leadership is particularly strong among female employees. Practical implications For organizations, the results demonstrate that Islamic work values may be important for creating a culture that promotes collegiality, to a greater extent when employees believe that their leaders act as despots who exploit their followers for personal gain. Originality/value This study elaborates how employees’ Islamic work ethic influences the likelihood that they help their coworkers, particularly in work contexts marked by stress-inducing leadership.

Attitudes toward food fraud in Israel and Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (7) ◽  
pp. 2219-2232
Author(s):  
Inna Levy ◽  
Pamela Kerschke-Risch
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Food Fraud ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Kosher Food ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe current research focused on attitudes toward food fraud (AFF) and examined the impact of types of food fraud, gender differences, and country of residence.Design/methodology/approachA convenience sample of German (n = 151) and Israeli (n = 496) participants was recruited through an online survey. They filled out a sociodemographic questionnaire and AFF scale, which includes three subscales: organic fraud, kosher fraud, and spraying fraud.FindingsThe results indicate that there is a significant effect of type of fraud, country of residence, and gender. German participants expressed more negative attitudes toward organic food fraud and less negative attitudes toward kosher fraud than Israeli participants. Women expressed more negative attitudes toward organic and kosher food frauds than men.Originality/valueThis study offers insight into cross-cultural and gender differences in attitudes toward food fraud. The findings suggest that public attitudes toward food fraud represent not just severity of possible consequences, but also environmental and religious aspects of consumption, norms and culture.

Privacy and trust in Facebook photo sharing: age and gender differences

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aqdas Malik ◽  
Kari Hiekkanen ◽  
Marko Nieminen
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Photo Sharing ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gender And Age Differences ◽  
And Gender

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine gender and age differences regarding various aspects of privacy, trust, and activity on one of the most popular Facebook activity – “photo sharing.” Design/methodology/approach The data were collected using an online survey hosted by a web-based survey service for three weeks during December 2014-January 2015. The target audience comprised of Facebook users over 18 years engaged in sharing their photos on the platform. Findings Women and young Facebook users are significantly more concerned about the privacy of their shared photos. Meanwhile, users from older age groups are less active in using the site, in sharing photos, and in taking privacy-related protective measures. Interestingly, despite having more privacy concerns, young Facebook users display higher trust levels toward the platform than older users. Overall, in the study, there was an extremely significant difference in privacy attitudes among people under and over 35 years of age. Originality/value The main contribution of this study is new knowledge regarding the gender and age differences in various privacy-related aspects, trust, and activity. Findings from the study broadens the overall understanding of how these issues positively/negatively influence the photo-sharing activity on Facebook.

“As rare as a panda”

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Maurer-Fazio ◽  
Lei Lei
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Facial Attractiveness ◽  
Ownership Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Educational Backgrounds ◽  
Hiring Process ◽  
Job Candidates ◽  
Correspondence Study ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Job Postings

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore how both gender and facial attractiveness affect job candidates’ chances of obtaining interviews in China’s dynamic internet job board labor market. It examines how discrimination based on these attributes varies over occupation, location, and firms’ ownership type and size. Design/methodology/approach – The authors carry out a resume audit (correspondence) study. Resumes of fictitious applicants are first carefully crafted to make candidates appear equally productive in terms of their work histories and educational backgrounds. The authors control gender and facial attractiveness. The authors establish the facial attractiveness of candidate photos via an online survey. In total, 24,192 applications are submitted to 12,096 job postings across four occupations in six Chinese cities. Callbacks are carefully tracked and recorded. Discrimination is estimated by calculating the differences in the rates of callbacks for interviews received by individuals whose applications vary only in terms of facial attractiveness and gender. The authors reuse the same resumes repeatedly through this project such that names and photos of each of the candidates: attractive man, attractive woman, unattractive man, and unattractive woman is attached to each resume hundreds of times for each occupation in each city. Findings – The authors find sizable differences in the interview callback rates of attractive and unattractive job candidates. Job candidates with unattractive faces need to put in 33 percent more applications than their attractive counterparts to obtain the same number of interview callbacks. Women are preferred to men in three of the four occupations. Women, on average need put in only 91 percent as many applications as men to obtain the same number of interview callbacks. Research limitations/implications – The analysis of this paper focusses on only four different occupations. Its scope is also limited to exploring only the first part of the hiring process – obtaining a job interview. Furthermore, its fictitious applicants are all young people, approximately 25 years old. It would be useful to explore how gender and facial attractiveness affect candidates’ chances of landing a job after getting an interview. Originality/value – This paper contributes to and expands the literature on hiring through China’s internet job boards. It also contributes to the literature on the role of facial attractiveness in hiring.

Parents’ attitudes toward comprehensive and inclusive sexuality education

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina R. Peter ◽  
Timothy B. Tasker ◽  
Stacey S. Horn
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Sexuality Education ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sexual Health Information ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Abstinence Only ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

Purpose – Parents are sometimes perceived as barriers to providing comprehensive and inclusive sexuality education to young people. However, little is known about parents’ actual attitudes towards providing such broad information to young people. The purpose of this paper is to examine two different approaches to measuring parents’ attitudes towards sexuality information, a programme title approach and a topic-centred approach. Design/methodology/approach – Illinois parents of adolescents (n=301) indicated their knowledge about and attitudes towards sexuality education programmes and 18 sexual health topics via online survey. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine whether parents’ attitudes were more consistent with a programme-centred (i.e. abstinence-only, comprehensive) or a topic-centred (i.e. physical health, sexual and gender identity, pleasure, and relationships) approach. Findings – Parents were uncertain about what form of sexuality education was offered but most were equally comfortable with both abstinence-only and comprehensive programmes. Parents’ ratings of topics grouped significantly better by the topic-centred than the programme-centred approach. Parents rated all four subjects as important, with the highest mean ratings given to physical health topics. Further, parents’ ratings of importance by subject matter were largely independent of their reported programming preference. Together these findings provide evidence that parents believe it is important for their children to have access to a broad range of sexual health education information. Originality/value – This study is one of the first to document parents’ support for information for young people that goes beyond being comprehensive to include topics such as identities and pleasure. In addition, parents’ lack of knowledge about sexuality education programming may obscure their support for sexual health information. Measuring support by specific topics, however, can help to overcome issues due to parents’ lack of knowledge about programming.

Moving on the connectivity continuum: performing gender in times of constant connectivity

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 526-543
Author(s):  
Isabell Loeschner
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Family Balance ◽  
Female Employees ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Depth Interviews

Purpose Given the reality of expectations of constant connectivity with work anytime, anywhere, this paper aims to investigate the gendered implications of these new expectations in the workplace focusing on the gender gap in work connectivity as well as the reasons behind it. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on a large cross-national mixed methods study, using a quantitative survey within one multinational technology company (N = 7,256) and 69 in-depth interviews with female employees from five different countries all employed by the case study organization, exploring the extent and reasons behind the gender gap in work connectivity. Findings New communication technologies enable us to work temporally and spatially flexibly by providing us the opportunity for constant work connectivity from anywhere, anytime. This paper finds that women across a diverse set of cultural backgrounds reject the possibility for work connectivity significantly more often than their male peers leading to a gender gap in connectivity and it brings to the fore how and why women negotiate their level of connectivity as they do. Originality/value This study contributes to the existing work-family-balance and gender workplace study literatures by statistically and qualitatively expanding our knowledge on the gender gap in work connectivity across multiple countries and cultural contexts and by dismantling a further mechanism that leads to the glass ceiling.

Investigating social media consumption, sports enthusiasm, and gender on sponsorship outcomes in the context of Rio Olympics

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Hazari
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Purchase Behavior ◽  
Media Consumption ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Media Networks ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Use Of Social Media

Purpose Using the context of Rio Olympic games, the purpose of this paper is to investigate attitude toward sponsorship outcome as it relates to purchase behavior, gender, sponsor patronage, sports enthusiasm, and social media consumption. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected using an online survey of 265 participants. Questions regarding demographics, viewing habits, sports participation, enthusiasm, attitude toward Olympic events were included in the survey. The four sub-scales were sponsorship attitude, sponsor patronage, social media consumption, and sports enthusiasm. Findings The findings of the study showed that social media consumption is positively related to attitude toward event and sports patronage. There was a significant gender difference on attitude toward event, social media consumption, and sports enthusiasm. Predictors for making a purchase as a result of seeing a social media advertisement were gender, playing competitive sport, and social media consumption. Practical implications This study will add to the body of academic and practitioner research on sponsorship outcomes, and provides an opportunity for marketers to leverage social media networks for sponsorship communication. Originality/value As the use of social media networks has increased over the past few years, no previous study has investigated association of sports enthusiasm, gender, or social media consumption toward sponsor patronage which relates to consumers seeking out sponsors and being influenced to make a purchase as a result of marketing communication of sponsors.

Mediating effect of esports content live streaming in the relationship between esports recreational gameplay and esports event broadcast

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wooyoung William Jang ◽  
Kevin K. Byon ◽  
Thomas A. Baker III ◽  
Yosuke Tsuji
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Media Consumption ◽  
Live Streaming ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
New Type ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeRecently, Jang and Byon (2020) found that esports recreational gameplay consumption is causally linked to esports online media consumption. In the context of esports, live-streaming content (by individual creators) is a new type of media consumption, which should be distinguished from esports event broadcast. Extending Jang and Byon’s finding, the purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effect of esports content live streaming in the relationship between esports recreational gameplay and esports event broadcast because it allows the games to be more accessible to viewers due to two-way communication. In order to test for stability of the mediating effect of esports live content streaming, we examined the hypothesized model across the three genres (i.e. imagination [n = 224], physical enactment [n = 195], sport simulation [n = 179]).Design/methodology/approachData (N = 598) were collected via an online survey from individuals who had experienced esports recreational gameplay. A total of 15 items with five dimensions (i.e. esports recreational gameplay, esports content live streaming, esports event broadcast, streamer identification, and pro-player identification) were adapted from existing studies. The two identification constructs and gender were used as control variables.FindingsThe model fit of the measurement model was found to be acceptable via CFA. The results of SEM indicated that the intention of esports content live streaming consumption played a full mediation role in the relationship between esports recreational gameplay behavior and the intention of esports event broadcast consumption. Additionally, we found the mediating effect of esports content live streaming across the three genres.Originality/valueThis study contributes to literature related to the esports consumer behavior by conceptualizing esports content live streaming and found that esports content live streaming represents a mechanism that underlies the relationship between esports recreational gameplay intention and esports event broadcast consumption.

Workaholism and organizational citizenship behaviors: exploring gender role beliefs

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-425
Author(s):  
Shahnaz Aziz ◽  
Christina Pittman ◽  
Karl Wuensch
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Organizational Citizenship ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Organizational Citizenship Behaviors ◽  
Work Behavior ◽  
Citizenship Behaviors ◽  
Gender Role Beliefs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Gender

PurposeThe purpose of the current study was to examine the relationships among workaholism, organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) and gender role beliefs.Design/methodology/approachData were collected, through administration of an online survey, from 409 faculty and staff at a large Southeastern university.FindingsWorkaholism and OCBs were negatively related. Additionally, both feminine and masculine role beliefs were associated with OCBs.Research limitations/implicationsFuture researchers may benefit from examining a sample outside an educational institution.Social implicationsAs our society continues to change, gender role beliefs will become less restricted to our biological genders and it will become essential for organizations to understand how they relate to work behavior (e.g. OCBs). Namely, androgyny may be a desirable trait for employees.Originality/valueThis is the first study to investigate the relationships among workaholism, OCBs and gender role beliefs.

scholarly journals Instagram Stories versus Facebook Wall: an advertising effectiveness analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Belanche ◽  
Isabel Cenjor ◽  
Alfredo Pérez-Rueda
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Advertising Effectiveness ◽  
Consumer Attitude ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Attitude Toward Ads ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to investigate advertising effectiveness in Instagram and Facebook, the two most important social media platforms. It helps to understand which should be chosen depending on the target audience of the campaign. Design/methodology/approach The study examines advertising effectiveness in these social media in terms of ad attitude, ad intrusiveness and loyalty intentions. An online survey was conducted with 303 social media users. Age and gender are proposed as moderators. Findings The results indicate that Instagram Stories not only enhances consumer attitude toward ads but also increases perceived intrusiveness, compared to Facebook Wall. Millennials are more disturbed by Facebook Wall ads than non-millennial users. A triple interaction effect reveals that non-millennial men are more loyal toward Facebook Wall ads, whereas millennials of both genders and non-millennial women are more loyal to ads on Instagram Stories. Practical implications Advertisers should be aware of the differential features and segmentation possibilities in social media to better address their target audiences. More precisely, the research findings suggest that professionals should focus on Instagram Stories when targeting millennials and non-millennial women, and on Facebook Wall when targeting non-millennial men. Originality/value This study is one of the first to contribute to the literature on Instagram Stories as an advertising platform and compare its differential features with those of more established social media, such as Facebook Wall.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document