The manager’s conundrum in governing a farmers’ association

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Sue Chern Ooi ◽  
Siti Seri Delima Abdul Malak ◽  
Ayoib Che Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Governance Structures ◽  
Board Governance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Teaching Case ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Governance Challenges

Learning outcomes The main objectives of this case are to provide an opportunity for case users to understand the organisational governance framework in a farmers' association and how to build an effective organisational board. More specifically, the teaching objectives of this case are as follows: to provide an overview of the functions of different types of governance structures in a farmers' association. To understand the importance of good governance practices in a farmers' association and for its stakeholders. To relate democratic theory, stakeholder theory, agency theory and stewardship theory with the governance practices of a farmers' association. To critically evaluate the board governance in a farmers' association and recommend measures to enhance the practices. Case overview/synopsis The teaching case presents the governance practices in a farmers' association in Malaysia, ZIX-PPK and the various governance challenges that emerged in the PPK subsequent to the appointment of politically affiliated directors. Prior to 2019, ZIX-PPK was an outstanding PPK under the helm of the General Manager, Khadijah. The PPK had continually been recognised as an exceptional and excellent PPK by the Farmers' Organisation Authority and the Muda Agricultural Development Authority. However, the Arahan Pendaftar Bil 1/2019 required changes to the governance structures of ZIX-PPK, with five new directors being appointed by the minister. The appointment threatened the independence and autonomy of ZIX-PPK and affected the dynamic of the board of directors. Khadijah had to search for measures that could improve the board governance in ZIX-PPK. The names, in this case, had been altered but the details were based on an actual event. The data were collected through interviews with key players and with reference to the minutes and other documentation of ZIX-PPK. Complexity academic level The teaching case can be used by students in higher education institutions at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. The case may also be relevant for training purposes to farmers' associations and any non-profit organisations. Subject code CSS 1: Accounting and Finance. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Corporate governance, globalization and firm performance in emerging economies

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 1310-1333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Saini ◽  
Monica Singhania
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Foreign Capital ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Foreign Ownership ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine relationship between corporate governance (CG) and firm performance for a set of 255 foreign-funded firms in the form of foreign direct investment (FDI) and private equity (PE). The authors employ a wide range of CG measures including board size, meetings, board gender and foreign ownership which are used as the proxy of globalisation and control variables like firm age, leverage, firm size and capital expenditure to arrive at a conclusion.Design/methodology/approachPanel data set of 255 (187 companies funded by foreign capital in the form of FDI, and 68 companies having foreign capital in the form PE) companies listed on Bombay Stock Exchange, for the period of eight years (2008–2015) are analysed by using static (fixed and random effects) and dynamic (generalised method of moments (GMM)) panel data specifications to examine the relationship among CG, globalisation and firm performance.FindingsThe empirical results of static model indicate the relationship between CG and performance of foreign firms, which are not very strong in India. This is due to the fact that most of the firms are not following the guidelines and regulations strictly in the initial period of sample years. Diversity in board is found as an important variable in accessing firm performance. And the authors also found that foreign firms are very particular about the implementation of CG norms. The results of GMM model highlight the interaction term of foreign ownership with governance indicators. CG is having a positive and significant impact over performance, inferring that higher foreign ownership (in the form of FDI and PE) in firm leading to positive effect on profitability.Practical implicationsThe investor’s preference of financing a unit is guided by the performance of a firm. Investors are more inclined towards high-performing firms, and hence higher profitability leads to higher inflow of capital. The result indicates that higher accounting and market performance may be achieved by good governance practices, in turn, leading to reduced agency costs. Countries with high governance scores attract more of foreign capital. Similar to the best governed countries, the companies having good governance practices attract more foreign inflows in the form of capital.Originality/valueWhile previous literature considered a single measurement framework in the form of a CG index, the authors tried to incorporate a range of CG indicators to study the effect of globalisation and CG on firm performance. The authors segregated foreign-owned funds into two parts, especially FDI and PE. This paper examined heterogeneity in the form of FDI-funded and PE-funded firms, as no prior literature is available which has evaluated different sets of foreign funds simultaneously on CG.

Pricing and scholarship optimization at waypoint adventure

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-495
Author(s):  
Benjamin Marcus
Keyword(s):  
Operations Management ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Participant Engagement ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
Instructor's Manual ◽  
Revenue And Pricing Management

Theoretical basis This case can be used to develop students’ understanding of optimization and the development of a linear programing (LP) model and solution. The instructor’s manual provides one possible solution based on the LP tools available in excel. Research methodology This case is based on real events at waypoint adventure and is derived from the authors’ experience consulting with this organization as they sought to improve pricing and scholarship management. Case overview/synopsis A young non-profit organization serving the disabled community in Boston sought growth but lacked clarity and consistency in their program pricing and scholarship structures. The case analysis centers on revising program prices to achieve specific cost and revenue requirements and determining a scholarship policy that will maximize participation in their outdoor adventure programing for the upcoming year. This case allows the exploration of optimization with an atypical objective, as the organization seeks to maximize participant engagement rather than profit. Complexity academic level The target audience includes upper-level undergraduate and MBA or early graduate-level students studying the optimization techniques of operations management, revenue and pricing management or marketing. The case would also be useful for discussing the challenges faced by non-profits and the non-traditional objectives that can arise for these organizations.

Does corporate governance matter for stock returns volatility in the Brazilian context?

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1236-1252
Author(s):  
Guilherme Cardoso ◽  
Dannie Delanoy Carr ◽  
Pablo Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Stock Returns ◽  
Term Structure ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Corporate Boards ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Error Measures ◽  
Good Corporate Governance ◽  
Governance Practices

Purpose This paper aims to examine the Brazilian stock market behavior and volatility term structure of two portfolios that, theoretically, the companies that comprise them have different degrees of idiosyncratic risk: one portfolio consists of firms with good corporate governance and the other comprises firms with poor corporate governance. Design/methodology/approach The sample comprises corporate firms listed in the Brazilian stock market during the period from January 2008 to December 2017. Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity models were applied. Findings The results show that the portfolio of firms with good corporate governance practices presents fluctuations that are more often temporary and reactive, with trends’ persistence of shorter durations, when considering the punctual volatility of the parameters estimated. This opposed expectation that the portfolio comprised of companies with good governance practices are better protected from short-term movements. However, over time and with standard error measures in consideration, both portfolios’ volatilities behave in similar ways. These findings may be related to Brazilian market characteristics, such as ownership concentration, ineffective corporate boards and the ever-developing nature of the stock market in Brazil. Any one of these characteristics present challenges to effective enforcement of the corporate governance practices in the Brazilian context. Originality/value The findings are potentially to the interest of researchers and practitioners for several reasons. First, this paper contributes to the growing literature on the relationship between corporate governance and market volatility. Second, it informs that volatility in the Brazilian context is likely only partially, if at all, influenced by corporate governance practices. Third, longitudinally, both indices follow the same pattern and converge to the same place.

Family business governance: what’s wrong? What’s right? What’s next?

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Irfan Saleem ◽  
Faiza Khalid ◽  
Muhammad Nadeem
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Generation X ◽  
Family Firm ◽  
Board Structure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
The Family ◽  
Governance Practices

Learning outcomes This case study can help the reader to understand how to build an effective board for family business, and why evolving board structure can help family firm to sustain for a longer period in Market. Reader can also learn about role of independent director, CEO's Succession process and ways to deal with duality issue that family owned enterprise may face during a transition from generation X to Y. Case overview/synopsis This teaching case study describes various decision-making situations using example of a Pakistani family firm and entrepreneurs who started the business few decades back in France. This partially disguised case is based on actual events. The data are collected based on discussions with family business owners and minutes of meetings. The objective of study is to make sense of the family business theories e.g. socio emotional wealth stakeholder and agency. Case readers can also learn about the family’s business governance practices using diverse scenarios presented in this case. Complexity academic level This study is suitable for graduate and undergraduate studies. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email [email protected] to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 7: Management science.

VillageReach: innovating for improved health care at the “last mile”

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Cynthia Schweer Rayner ◽  
Camilla Thorogood ◽  
Francois Bonnici
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Donor Funding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Teaching Case ◽  
The Public

Learning outcomes The learning outcomes are to understand the definition of public value and the strategic drivers behind public value creation, understand the nature of social innovation in the public sector, identify the critical opportunities and challenges involved in sustaining innovation in the public sector and identify the role that non-profit organizations can play in supporting and sustaining social innovation. Case overview/synopsis This case puts participants in the shoes of a global health innovator’s leadership team as the organization approaches a funding crisis. The organization, VillageReach, is on a quest to expand across the public health system of Mozambique and experiences a funding dilemma. The case reveals the challenges of working with governments to achieve large-scale, systemic change. It explores the conundrum of using international donor funding to embed new practices in government service delivery. Ultimately, it asks participants to choose between the pursuit of new, small-scale innovative projects and the large-scale rollout of a national programme. Complexity academic level This teaching case is written for courses focused on social entrepreneurship, social innovation and social change. It can also be used in courses focused on non-profit management and public sector innovation. Specifically, the teaching case is suitable for two audiences: social enterprise and non-profit managers focused on strategy, development and operations (the case focuses on an enterprise that relies primarily on donor funding) and health-care managers and administrators. Generally, the case is suitable for undergraduates in their final year of study as well as graduate-level business and public administration courses, including MBA, MPH, MPA, EMBA and Executive Education courses. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.

Yuppiechef: from clicks to bricks – an omnichannel approach for a South African business

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Mignon Reyneke ◽  
Claire Barnardo
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
South African ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Master Of Business Administration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Teaching Case ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
Buying Behaviour

Learning outcomes The learning outcomes are as follows: understanding online, traditional and omnichannel retail and the challenges and benefits of each method; evaluating the effect of consumer buying behaviour on a company’s growth strategy; assessing the effect of changing industry dynamics and technology on consumer behaviour; and understanding the role of consistent customer experience across different retail mediums. Case overview/synopsis This case looks at Yuppiechef, a successful e-commerce business, and their move from “clicks to bricks” with the introduction of retail stores. Founder and CEO of Yuppiechef, Andrew Smith, shares the current business status and considers how to maintain the brand’s culture with the growth of retail and being an omnichannel pioneer. Complexity academic level The primary target audience for this teaching case is postgraduate business students, especially students of digital marketing, strategy and e-commerce. This teaching case is intended to be used as case study in postgraduate business programmes such as Master of Business Administration (MBA), a specialist masters’ programme such as MM (Entrepreneurship), post-graduate diploma in management (PGDip), as well as selected executive education programmes. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 8: Marketing.

scholarly journals Governance and financial efficiency of Brazilian credit unions

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-373
Author(s):  
Ricardo Terranova Favalli ◽  
Alexandre Gori Maia ◽  
Jose Maria Ferreira Jardim da Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Good Governance ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Credit Unions ◽  
Financial Efficiency ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Leadership Management ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Models ◽  
Broad Concept ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

Purpose This paper aims to evaluate the relation between governance and financial efficiency of credit unions in Brazil. The study shows how poor financial efficiency in credit unions may result from undesirable configurations in executive management and other variables related to governance. Design/methodology/approach The study develops an innovative methodology to classify credit unions according to the level of governance using indicators of representativeness and participation, leadership, management and supervision. This methodology integrates the use of multiple correspondence and cluster analysis. The study then applies stochastic frontier models to analyze how governance affects the indicators of financial efficiency. Findings The results highlight that better governance substantially increases the efficiency of credit unions in terms of a higher level of credit operations per institution. Originality/value The paper uses a pioneering survey applied by the Central Bank to almost the total population of credit unions in Brazil. The results highlight how to operationalize a subjective and broad concept related to cooperative governance to identify the remarkable impacts of good governance practices on the financial efficiency of credit unions.

Vegoganic AB: the dilemma of arsenic in rice products

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Julia P. Rotter ◽  
Cecilia M. Mark-Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Teaching Case ◽  
Business Context ◽  
The Core ◽  
Societal Values ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The World

Learning outcomes This teaching case aims to stimulate the debate over the issue of arsenic in rice and prepares students to make a decision by evaluating trade-offs and aligning moral values in a business context. Case overview/synopsis Rice feeds people in many parts of the world. This teaching case focuses on an entrepreneurial food producer who has strong sustainability values built into his business model. The CEO, Johan Henriksson, of Vegoganic faces a dilemma when a press release by the Swedish National Food Agency potentially threatens the core existence of the business. It challenges the CEO to take a stand on food safety and food security, as well as personal and societal values. Complexity academic level It is a discussion case, developed with undergraduate students in mind, but could be taken to a graduate level by including more advanced literature and questions. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email [email protected] to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 8: Marketing

Nonprofit Board Governance Policy Adoption: Toward an Integrated Board Interlock Network and Institutional Perspectives

2021 ◽  
pp. 089976402110574
Author(s):  
Nara Yoon
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Nonprofit Organizations ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Policy Adoption ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Board Governance ◽  
Upstate New York ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Public Charities

Previous research lags behind in illuminating theoretical mechanisms that shape governance decision-making on board practices. Using an integrated theoretical approach, I examine how board interlock network and institutional factors are associated with board governance policy adoption in nonprofit organizations. A linear regression model is employed to investigate policies adopted by a panel of public charities in three cities in Upstate New York during 2008 and 2014. Results show that not only the presence of board interlock networks but also central network positions relate to extensive policy adoption. Results also reveal that the use of paid professionals in management relates to institutional isomorphism reflected by more extensive governance policy adoption. These results provide insights for nonprofit leaders seeking to facilitate good governance practices by paying attention to board members’ affiliations and institutional environment considerations.

scholarly journals Compliance with Best Practice Governance Principles by State Owned Enterprises in Botswana

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tebogo Israel Magang ◽  
Koketso Bafana Kube
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Governance Structures ◽  
African Region ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
International Investors ◽  
Integrated Sustainability

This paper investigates the extent of compliance by 16 state owned enterprises (SOE)/parastatal corporations in Botswana with international best practice corporate governance principles. In particular the study examines the extent of compliance by SOEs with best practice corporate governance principles as recommended under the King Code of South Africa. The King Code (2002) of Corporate Governance is generally considered as a benchmark for best practice corporate governance not only in the Southern African region but also across the African continent.Using a compliance checklist of 53 provisions from the Code, the study finds that 68.7% of Botswana SOEs have a compliance score of 51% and above while the remaining 31.3% applied less than 50% of the provisions in the King Code checklist. The study also finds that compliance with the Code increased from an average of 57% in 2009 to 60% in 2012. Further the study finds that SOEs tended to comply more with provisions on risk management and less on provisions on integrated sustainability reporting.The results of this study have implications on governance practices of SOEs in Botswana in general. For instance, the results may possibly indicate that, even though governance structures of SOEs in Botswana are crafted through Acts of parliament, on the whole they adhere to international best practice corporate governance principles. The results could also be a signal to local and international investors that Botswana SOEs are not lagging behind in terms of compliance with good governance practices.

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