scholarly journals How the validation of prior learning can be used to assess entrepreneurial human capital investments and outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Fahrenbach
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Prior Learning ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Human Capital Investments ◽  
Entrepreneurial Human Capital

Purpose This paper aims to depart from the premise that human capital investments and human capital outcomes are often tacit – an aspect, which is often neglected in the current literature on entrepreneurial human capital. The idea of this conceptual paper is to shed light on the social process of how human capital investments and human capital outcomes can be valued and made visible through the validation of prior learning. Thus, this study conceptualises the validation of prior learning as a post hoc, the reflective process through which an aspiring entrepreneur is guided. Design/methodology/approach This paper is conceptual and introduces a process model. Findings Findings indicate that the process of the validation of prior learning is well-suitable to inform aspiring entrepreneurs of their investments into human capital and their human capital outcomes. The process results in a (partial) certified qualification that provides entrepreneurial legitimacy. Research limitations/implications Thus far, the model is conceptual and should be validated via interviews and further empirical studies in the field. Practical implications Literature in the field of entrepreneurial human capital suggests that human capital outcomes are more important for success than inputs. Furthermore, context-specific knowledge, skills and abilities are more important than generalised outcomes. These findings have implications for the design of validation procedures. Originality/value Human capital has only been recently conceptualised as consisting of human capital investments and outcomes of human capital investment. However, thus far the literature falls short in acknowledging the tacit nature of human capital investments and human capital outcomes. This paper contributes a structured process of how human capital investments and human capital outcomes are linked and assessed. In so doing, this study extends a recent model of human capital investments and outputs (Marvel et al., 2016, p. 616).

Promotion Signaling and Human Capital Investments

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Waldman ◽  
Ori Zax
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Human Capital Investment ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Human Capital Investments ◽  
Asymmetric Learning ◽  
Specific Human Capital ◽  
Investment Choices

In a world characterized by asymmetric learning, promotions can serve as signals of worker ability, and this, in turn, can result in inefficient promotion decisions. If the labor market is competitive, the result will be practices that reduce this distortion. We explore how this logic affects human capital investment decisions. We show that, if commitment is possible, investments will be biased toward the accumulation of firm-specific human capital. We also consider what happens when commitment is not possible and show a number of results including that, if investment choices are not publicly observable, choices are frequently efficient. (JEL D82, J24, J31, M12, M51)

scholarly journals Human Capital Investment and the Gender Division of Labor in a Brawn-Based Economy

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (7) ◽  
pp. 3531-3560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark M Pitt ◽  
Mark R Rosenzweig ◽  
Mohammad Nazmul Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Occupational Choice ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Human Capital Investment ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Activity Choice ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
Gender Differentials ◽  
Gender Division Of Labor ◽  
Human Capital Investments

A model of human capital investment and activity choice is used to explain facts describing gender differentials in the levels and returns to human capital investments and occupational choice. These include the higher return to and level of schooling, the small effect of healthiness on wages, and the large effect of healthiness on schooling for females relative to males. The model incorporates gender differences in the level and responsiveness of brawn to nutrition in a Roy-economy setting in which activities reward skill and brawn differentially. Evidence from rural Bangladesh provides support for the model and the importance of the distribution of brawn.

The moderated mediation processes in firm-specific human capital development and task performance relationship

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Vivian Osei ◽  
Ahmed Agyapong ◽  
Kwame Owusu Kwateng
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Human Capital Investments ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
And Task

Purpose Interest has been generated for a while in unpacking the “black box” and providing a contingency approach to understanding the effects of human resource management (HRM) practices. This study aims to investigate the possibility that the relationship between human capital development and task performance is mediated by work self-efficacy and work engagement – and that this mediation depends on the degree of perceived investment in employees’ development. Design/methodology/approach Based on a synthesis of theories –systems, social cognitive and social identity theories – a moderated mediation model is tested using data from 220 academic employees and Heads of Departments from multiple Higher Educational Institutions in Ghana. AMOS and Hayes Conditional Process analysis were used to analyze the data. Findings The study finds support for a bundle of human capital investments boosting work self-efficacy and motivating work engagement, as well as task performance. Consistent with expectations, the mediation in human capital investments to task performance via work self-efficacy is conditional on the degree of perceived investment in employees’ development. Originality/value The study provides the first attempt at studying a conditional process model in human capital development by addressing whether, how and when human capital system functions more or less effectively, and provides knowledge on the “black box” in HRM.

scholarly journals Relationship between Human Capital Investment and Employees’ Work Efficiency in ATAP Bauchi: The Relevance of TETFund Interventions

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Hashim Sabo Bello
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Human Capital Investment ◽  
Intellectual Ability ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Work Efficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Human Capital Investments

As it is an established fact that, no nation or organization develops beyond the intellectual ability of its human resources. Nowadays, investment on human capital is paramount to sustain labour force participation in the progress and development of higher education in Nigeria. Besides, the Nigerian Universities and Colleges of Education, the polytechnic system provides another option for higher education in Nigeria where Certificates, National Diploma and Higher National Diploma courses are offered and awarded. The study aimed at evaluating the relevance of TETFund intervention on human capital investments and its bearing to employees’ work efficiency in the polytechnic communities in Bauchi state to be specific and Nigeria by extension. This study generates data from quantitative and qualitative sources, using questionnaire instrument to randomly collect a cross sectional data from one of the two (2) existing polytechnics in Bauchi state of Nigeria. A total of 45 structured questionnaires were administered on our respondents and 44 were valid for analysis. The research adopted the descriptive statistics as well as the Chi-square, X2, to analyze the results and test the hypothesis to give the tentative prediction about the nature of the relationship between the research variables. Thus the research believes that there is a significant relationship between TETFund intervention in human capital investment and employees’ work efficiency within educational polytechnic system in Nigeria. This research study recommended for the public organizations in Nigeria especially the education institutions to harnessed and take full advantage of the reciprocal benefits of human capital investments and the work efficiency in educational tertiary institutions as this will go a long way to raise organizational achievement towards an end with the least amount of resources.

scholarly journals An International Perspective on Pakistani Human Capital Investments in the Last Quarter Century

1993 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jere R. Behrman ◽  
Ryan Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
Investment Policies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human Capital Investments ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this paper is to place Pakistani human capital investments in the past quarter century in an international perspective. As background, a simple analytical perspective is presented first. Then empirical experience from various developing countries is summarised. This relates to some dimensions of the determinants and the impact of human capital investments and related policies. Next, various dimensions of Pakistani human capital investments in schooling and health are compared with the international experience of the past quarter century, controlling for per capita income and initial literacy rates and subject to caveates about such comparisons. These comparisons suggest that, in the aggregate, Pakistan has had relatively low investments in schooling and relatively high investments in health. Consideration of the composition of these investments suggests that, in a comparative sense, Pakistani investments have been skewed towards higher rather than basic education, towards physician-intensive curative rather than basic preventative health care, towards males relative to females, and towards middleand upper-income groups that tend to benefit more from post-primary schooling and from physician-related health services. The concluding section speculates on the implications of this perspective for Pakistani human capital investment policies.

Marketing management and optimism of Afghan female entrepreneurs

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-463
Author(s):  
Manizha Wafeq ◽  
Omar Al Serhan ◽  
Kimberley Catherine Gleason ◽  
S.W.S.B. Dasanayaka ◽  
Roudaina Houjeir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Marketing Function ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose For the present generation of entrepreneurs, the operating environment in Afghanistan has been among the most tenuous in the world. Numerous regime changes, civil unrest and war have created tremendous uncertainty, making civilian business planning difficult. These challenges incrementally impact female entrepreneurs. This paper aims to investigate the relationship between one aspect of entrepreneurial psychological capital – optimism regarding enterprise success of Afghan female entrepreneurs – and aspects of the marketing function. Design/methodology/approach Primary data collection was used for this study. A total of 248 women business owners were surveyed via telephone from five provinces of Afghanistan. Over half (133) of respondents were from the Afghan capital, Kabul. A total of 49 respondents were obtained from Herat, 44 from Mazar, 12 from Nangarhar and ten were obtained from Kandahar. Findings We find that a focus on marketing positively and significantly impacts reported optimism by female Afghan entrepreneurs, as do marketing planning efforts. However, self-reliance and orientation toward the outside world do not impact the perceived success of the entrepreneurial venture. Research limitations/implications Like other empirical studies, this research has its own limitation. First, we would have liked a larger sample size, but date collection in a war-torn country and from female business women in a male-dominated society is proofed very challenging task. Also, some cities had less representation due to security concerns especially Kandahar province. Practical implications Our results have significant relevance for economic development policymakers, non-governmental organizations and entrepreneurs throughout the developing world. What drives the psychological capital of these entrepreneurs under these extreme conditions should be of interest not only from the perspective of the entrepreneurship literature, but also for policymakers who are often uninformed regarding on the ground conditions under which individuals in the environment function. Social implications It is our hope that our results inform those in a position of power so that they support the development of human capital of Afghan women who are or who seek to be entrepreneurs. We also hope to raise questions for other researchers related to the importance of human capital investment and the business functions for entrepreneurs in other less developed, conflict-prone environments with low mean educational levels. Originality/value This paper is the first to use proprietary, hand collected survey data from Afghani female entrepreneurs to collect, analyze and draw conclusions and recommendations from a sample of 248 women-owned businesses regarding the relationship between the marketing function and one aspect of psychological capital – perceived optimism – in five Afghan cities.

Cut me some slack! An exploration of slack resources and technology-mediated human capital investments in entrepreneurship

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Jabbari ◽  
Stephen Roll ◽  
Sam Bufe ◽  
Yung Chun
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Slack Resources ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gig Economy ◽  
Human Capital Investments ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeIn this paper, the authors explore the relationship that slack resources and technology-mediated human capital investments can have on individuals’ entrepreneurial intentions. Focusing on human capital investments that individuals make through education and work, the authors analyze the relationship among formal online learning opportunities, informal skill development in the gig economy and entrepreneurial intentions.Design/methodology/approach Leveraging a novel dataset that merges administrative tax data with a survey of over 8,528 low- and moderate income (LMI) households, this study uses machine learning and propensity score weighting to examine the likelihood that individuals who make these technology-mediated human capital investments will have increased odds of entrepreneurial intentions when compared to similar individuals who do not make these investments.Findings The authors find that both partaking in online learning and working in the gig economy are significantly associated with increased odds of entrepreneurial intentions. Furthermore, through a variety of robustness and mechanism checks, the authors find that technology-mediation is an important factor in these relationships and that informal skill development and career preparation is one way in which gig employment influences entrepreneurial intentions.Research limitations/implications As the study’s data come from a cross-sectional survey, the authors cannot make causal inferences about the relationship between online learning, gig employment and entrepreneurial intentions. Thus, future research should explore sources of longitudinal data.Practical implications This study has practical implication for individuals and policymakers that seek to increase entrepreneurship among LMI households.Originality/value Despite a wealth of research on the relationships among slack resources, technology and innovation at the firm level, there is little of this research at the individual level – especially among LMI individuals. The authors begin to fill this important gap.

scholarly journals Relationship between human capital investment and employees’ work efficiency in ATAP branch

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-108
Author(s):  
Hashim Sabo Bello ◽  
Muhammed Kabir Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Human Capital Investment ◽  
Intellectual Ability ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Work Efficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Human Capital Investments

It is an established fact that no nation or organisation develops beyond the intellectual ability of its human resources. Therefore, investment on human capital is paramount to sustain labour force participation of higher education in Nigeria. This study aimed at evaluating the relevance of Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFund) intervention on human capital investments and its bearing on employees’ work efficiency in the polytechnic communities in Bauchi state. This study generates data from quantitative and qualitative sources, using the questionnaire as an instrument to randomly collect cross-sectional data from one of the two existing polytechnics in Bauchi state of Nigeria. A total of 45 structured questionnaires were administered on our respondents and 44 were valid for analysis. The research shows there is a significant relationship between TETFund intervention in human capital investment and employees’ work efficiency within educational polytechnic system in Nigeria. This research study recommends that educational institutions should harness and take full advantage of the reciprocal benefits of human capital investments.   Keywords: Human capital, relevance, polytechnic, TETFund, work efficiency.

scholarly journals Human Capital Investment: Case State-Owned Banks and Sharia Banks

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Maaz Ud Din ◽  
Ana Kadarningsih ◽  
Herry Subagyo
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Human Capital Investment ◽  
Significant Variable ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Financial Service Authority ◽  
Human Capital Investments ◽  
Positive Effect

The objective of study is to find the influence of company size, human capital investments, and leverage on financial performance. Case studies on State-Owned Banks and State-Owned Sharia Banks in Indonesia for the 2012-2018 period. The number of samples uses in the study were four State-Owned Banks and four State-Owned Sharia Banks in Indonesia. The samples of this study were the financial report that taken from the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the Indonesia Financial Service Authority with period 2012-2018. The analysis method for this research is linear regression methods, test of classic assumption, determinant coefficient, F-test, T-test. The findings show that the size and leverage variables have no significantly effect on financial performance in State-Owned Banks, while the human capital investments have a positive effect and significantly on financial performance. The results also show that human capital and leverage have no impact on financial performance in State-Owned Sharia Banks, but has size have significant effect on financial performance. Human capital investment was most variable that impact financial performance significantly in State-Owned Banks. Otherwise, size was the most significantly variable that effect financial performance  in State-Owned Sharia Banks. The results show that the size and leverage variables have no significantly effect on financial performance in State-Owned Banks, while the human capital investments have positive effect and significantly on financial performance. The results also show that human capital and leverage have no significantly effect on financial performance in State-Owned Sharia Banks, but size have significantly effect on financial performance. Human capital investment is the most significant variable that influence financial performance in State-Owned Banks. Otherwise, size is the most significant variable that influence financial performance in State-Owned Sharia Banks.

Human Capital in the Economic System of Modern Society: the Mechanism of Formation, Investment and Development Prospects in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
S. Zhukov ◽  
V. Zelic ◽  
S. Soima
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Mechanism Of Formation ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Economic State ◽  
Human Capital Investments ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Development Prospects

As a result of the conducted research the problems of development of human capital and basic pre-conditions of providing of his competitiveness are certain. Analyzed the loud speaker of charges on development of education and health protection of summary budget of Ukraine and measures on the improvement of economic situation in Ukraine and providing of development of human capital are offered. The basic types of investments are certain in a human capital on levels and subjects of investing. The mechanism of forming of human capital is presented. The mechanism of forming of human capital is presented. It is grounded, that for strategic development of human capital of Ukraine and achievement of equilibrium and balanced of economy in the conditions of globalization modernization of public policy is needed in area of education, namely, creation of the system of education, oriented to forming and development of skills and jurisdictions of man, necessary for innovative activity. Keywords human capital, investments in a human capital, competitiveness, economic state of affairs, payment for work.

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