scholarly journals Conflict, caste and resolution: a quantitative analysis for Indian villages

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-338
Author(s):  
Vani Kant Borooah ◽  
Anirudh Tagat ◽  
Vinod Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Demographic Survey ◽  
Econometric Methodology ◽  
Lower Castes ◽  
Caste Conflict

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a quantitative assessment of caste-based conflict in India. The data for this paper are from the Rural Economic and Demographic Survey (REDS) of 2006 encompassing 8,659 households in 242 villages in 18 Indian states. Design/methodology/approach Using these data, the authors examine two broad issues: the sources of conflict in rural India and the degree to which these sources contribute to caste-basted, as opposed to non-caste-based conflict; the sources of conflict resolution in rural India: are some conflict-resolving agencies more effective at dealing with caste-based conflicts and others more effective with non-caste-based conflicts? Findings There was a rise in caste-based conflict over the (approximate) period 1996-2006. There are several reasons for the rise in caste-based conflict but, in the main, is the rise in assertiveness of persons belonging to India’s lower castes. In terms of conflict resolution, panchayats and prominent individuals were important in resolving village conflicts: 69 per cent of caste-based, and 65 per cent of non-caste based, conflicts were resolved by one or the other of these two agents. Originality/value This is the first attempt, using econometric methodology, to study caste conflict at a village level in India.

Conflict resolution under the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Roberto Balmori de la Miyar ◽  
Lauren Hoehn-Velasco ◽  
Adan Silverio-Murillo
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Difference In Difference ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Twitter Data ◽  
Conflict Resolution Strategies ◽  
Resolution Strategies

Purpose This paper aims to analyze conflict resolution strategies among individuals who encountered disputes with family, neighbors, workmates, businesses, strangers, government authorities or other members in their communities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach Applying a difference-in-difference approach by sex, the authors use a representative panel of adults living in 82 cities from across Mexico to measure changes in antisocial strategies (violence) and prosocial strategies (non-confrontational methods and dialogue) to resolve disputes. Findings During the COVID-19 pandemic, men reduced their use of violence by 19.6% while women did so by 17.4%. There was a parallel rise in non-confrontational strategies used to solve conflicts equal to 73.6% for men and 62% for women. The use of dialogue as a tool for resolving disputes increased by more in cities that banned the sale of alcohol. Alternative Twitter data corroborates the main findings, suggesting that individuals are becoming more prosocial during the pandemic. Originality/value To the knowledge, this is the first empirical study to analyze changes in strategies for conflict resolution as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper contributes to the literature by demonstrating how individuals adapt their dispute strategies under extraordinary circumstances such as a pandemic, with a focus on a middle-income setting.

Technopreneurship intention among nonbusiness students: a quantitative assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahadur Ali Soomro ◽  
Naimatullah Shah
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThe present study attempts to identify the predictive power of technopreneurial-related activities (TRAs), technopreneurial self-efficacy (TSE) and technopreneurial motivation (TM) on technopreneurial intention (TE) among the nonbusiness students.Design/methodology/approachA conceptual framework is developed for investigation. A quantitative approach is adopted for this research, and the data are collected from the 282 students of the different public sector universities with a survey questionnaire. The application of structural equation modeling (SEM) is applied to investigate the impact of TRAs, TSE and TM on TE.FindingsThe results of SEM found a positive and significant impact of TRAs, TSE and TM on TE among the nonbusiness students of Pakistan.Practical implicationsThe study would be beneficial for the planners and policymakers of universities to improve modes of technopreneurship. The findings may encourage the students to develop strong beliefs, abilities and skills to start a new venture. The literature of entrepreneurship and technopreneurship may further enrich with empirical evidence of the present study.Originality/valueThe study would make technopreneurs able to deal with society's challenges.

Shelter management during pandemics: lessons from cascading risks of cyclones and COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujit Mohanty ◽  
Ambika Dabral ◽  
Ranit Chatterjee ◽  
Rajib Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Emergency Shelters ◽  
Local Stakeholders ◽  
Emerging Issues ◽  
Cyclone Shelter

Purpose The concept of multi-purpose cyclone shelters has been found effective in saving various lives during past cyclones. The recent cyclone Amphan, which hit the Indian states of Odisha and West Bengal in the middle of pandemic COVID-19 has posed severe issues related to cyclone shelter management in the rural areas. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the case of Odisha in a pandemic and draw some key lessons of cyclone shelter management, which can be useful for future cascading risks in other parts of the country and the region. Design/methodology/approach Cyclone shelters are critical infrastructures in the management of cyclones, associated hazards and saving crucial lives. The effective management of shelters during emergencies is dependent on the existing institutional mechanism, local stakeholders and their understanding of the key functions of the emergency shelters. This paper reviews the key challenges through literature, reports and direct interviews of field professionals and practitioners. Findings In normal times, cyclone shelters are used as schools and their management lies with the local communities and/or elected bodies. Some of the key emerging issues include: the convincing population at risk for evacuation with proper care, existing emergency shelters being repurposed as COVID-19 facilities, need for hygiene and safety material, special arrangement and segregation of population at higher risk of COVID-19 and large destruction of social infrastructures. Originality/value During cascading disasters, adaptive governance becomes important. With the study of cyclones during the pandemic period, the paper draws key decision-making and governance points of cyclone shelter management. This case analysis can be useful to other similar situations during the prolonged pandemic time.

Penetration of MFIs among Indian states: an understanding through macro variables

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sougata Ray ◽  
Sushanta Mahapatra
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
State Level ◽  
Regional Disparity ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rural Infrastructure ◽  
Macro Variables

Purpose The Indian microfinance industry witnessed one of the fastest growths in the recent times. However, the striking feature of this growth is that the Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) are concentrated only in some specific regions of the country. There is a huge geographical skew in the distribution of the MFIs. In this paper, an attempt has been made to explain these geographical skew by using the macro variables of the states. The objective of the study is to identify the causes for this regional disparity in the growth of MFIs. Design/methodology/approach We try to explain the level of penetration of microfinance in the states by using regression models. Findings Our analysis suggests that state-level macro factors are significant in explaining the geographical skew. MFIs in India have concentrated in states which are richer, have good rural infrastructure, but lack in adequate banking facility, and have low human capital. Originality/value The study provides an insight which would help in framing the necessary regulations to ensure that MFIs operate in all regions of the country.

Gender, age and nationality: assessing their impact on conflict resolution styles

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwakemi Gbadamosi ◽  
Abbas Ghanbari Baghestan ◽  
Khalil Al-Mabrouk
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Older Students ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conflict Resolution Styles ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the conflict resolution styles used by university students in handling conflicts, and to determine the effects (if any) of age, nationality and gender on how students respond to conflicts. Design/methodology/approach – The Thomas-Kilmann conflict mode instrument was adopted to assess the conflict resolution styles (accommodating, avoiding, collaborative, competitive and compromising) of post graduate students in a University in Malaysia. Both ANOVA and t-test analyses were utilized to investigate the relationship between, nationality, gender, age and conflict resolution styles used by students. Findings – Results of this study indicates that female students used competitive style more than male students, while male students are more likely to avoid conflicts. The older students were discovered to use more avoiding, while younger students are more likely to be competitive in nature. The findings did not reveal any significant differences in nationality. Originality/value – This paper expands its focus from gender (which is the most commonly tested category) to other categories such as age and nationality, thereby giving room for these new categories to be tested extensively in future researches. The results reveal that students not only use different conflict resolution styles to address conflicts, but also there exists differences in the styles used by students of different age groups and gender.

Larsen & Toubro strides out strategically on talent management

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Sunita Panda ◽  
Chandan Kumar Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Development ◽  
Leadership Training ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Talent Management ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Management And Leadership

Purpose – Describes how, in a highly competitive environment, Larsen & Toubro attracts and retains its talent in a strategic way. Design/methodology/approach – Researches the firm’s various talent-management and leadership-training strategies. Findings – Reveals that 360-degree talent management is necessary to empower employees and to develop leadership capacities. Practical implications – Presents a framework for talent management and leadership development in a manufacturing business which can be recast to suit different organizational set-ups. Social implications – Explains that the company recruits many of its workers from rural India. Employees are recruited for their potential as much as for their existing skills. Originality/value – Describes a new dimension of talent management being practiced and its success in a manufacturing business.

“Landholding-patriarchy hypothesis” and women's autonomy in rural India

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivas Goli ◽  
Ladumai Maikho Apollo Pou
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Women’S Autonomy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Women's Autonomy ◽  
Related Information

Purpose – The paper aims to find out how far the size of household landholding directs patriarchal traits and thus influence women's autonomy. Design/methodology/approach – The study used a two-part methodology. The first part provides theoretical background based on existing literature on women's autonomy and related information in formulating the “landholding-patriarchy hypotheses”. The second part of this study evaluates the empirical evidences of the association between the size of household landholding and women's autonomy. Findings – Results indicate considerable variation in women's autonomy with the size of their household landholding: women's autonomy decreases with increasing size of household landholding. Evidence suggests that landholding directs patriarchal traits, as manifested in a reasonable influence on women's autonomy in rural India. Originality/value – The paper innovates a means to understand the contributing factors to lowering women's autonomy, thus explore the relevance of “landholding-patriarchy hypothesis”.

Infrared thermography – evaluation of the results reproducibility

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elton Bauer ◽  
Vasco Peixoto de Freitas ◽  
Niubis Mustelier ◽  
Eva Barreira ◽  
Sara Stingl de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Assessment Criterion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Infrared Cameras ◽  
Do So

Purpose – Infrared thermography is increasingly being used to diagnose pathologies in buildings, such as façade defects. The purpose of this paper is to assess the results reproducibility and the equipment influence on the measurements. To do so, it was defined as case study the assessment of rendering delamination. Design/methodology/approach – Two infrared cameras of different makers were used to detect the presence of defects deliberately created in specimens. The tests were done in the laboratory with a heat source. The defects were detected through a temperature gradient between the zones with and without defect. Findings – With this thermographic imaging, it was possible to identify the defects in the specimen both qualitatively and quantitatively. The results were found to be reproducible in the three cycles performed. The influence of the equipment on the results was of little significance for the quantitative assessment criterion “temperature difference between zones with and without defect”, but for the criterion “absolute surface temperature”, the difference in the results yielded by the two cameras was around 1.8°C. Originality/value – The results suggest that there is reproducibility of the measurements, considering both the qualitative and quantitative approach, when assessing delamination, irrespective of the maker of the equipment used. The influence of the equipment on the results depends on the quantitative assessment criterion used.

Does selection of productivity estimation techniques matter?

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-154
Author(s):  
Awadhesh Pratap Singh ◽  
Chandan Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Estimation Techniques ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Productivity Estimation ◽  
Advanced Production ◽  
Indian Industries ◽  
Robustness Check ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compare and analyze the modern productivity estimation techniques, namely, Levinsohn and Petrin (LP, 2003), Ackerberg Caves and Frazer (ACF, 2006), Wooldridge (2009) and Mollisi and Rovigatti (MR, 2017) on unit-level data of 32 Indian industries for the period 2009-2015. Design/methodology/approach The paper first analyzes different issues encountered in total factor productivity (TFP) measurement. It then categorizes the productivity estimation techniques into three logical generations, namely, traditional, new and advanced. Next, it selects four contemporary estimation techniques, computes the industrial TFP for Indian states by using them and investigates their empirical outcomes. The paper also performs the robustness check to ascertain, which estimation technique is more robust. Findings The result indicates that the TFP growth of Indian industries have differed greatly over this seven-years of period, but the estimates are sensitive to the techniques used. Further results suggest that ACF and Wooldridge yield the consistent outcomes as compared to LP and MR. The robustness test confirms Wooldridge to be the most robust contemporary technique for productivity estimation followed by ACF and LP. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that compares the contemporary productivity estimation techniques. In this backdrop, this paper offers two novelties. First, it uses advanced production estimation techniques to compute TFP of 32 diverse industries of an emerging economy: India. Second, it addresses the fitment of estimation techniques by drawing a comparison and by conducting a robustness test, hence, contributing to the limited literature on comparing contemporary productivity estimation techniques.

“Mission impossible”: exploring the viability of power-sharing as a conflict-resolution tool in Syria

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emer Groarke
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Negotiated Settlement ◽  
Sustainable Peace ◽  
Viable Model ◽  
Theoretical Overview ◽  
Research Analysis

Purpose – This paper aims to show the viability of consociational power-sharing as a conflict-resolution tool in Syria. It further argues that a subsequent movement from consociational to centripetal power-sharing is vital to ensure sustainable peace. Design/methodology/approach – A theoretical overview of power-sharing as a conflict-resolution tool provides the basis for this paper, supported by empirical evidence and qualitative research analysis for its proposed application in Syria. Perceived obstacles to a negotiated settlement are outlined, with suggestions made as to how these issues can be transformed into incentives for invested parties. Such obstacles include Bashar al-Assad remaining in power, and calls for the implementation of Shari’a law by some opposition groups. Findings – While previously the conditions of the conflict were not conducive to peace talks, this paper finds that regional developments, including the rise of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, have re-opened the possibility of, and indeed the necessity for, political negotiations. Detailing the complexity of a conflict that goes far beyond a mere sectarian divide, the findings of this paper dispel the notion that a sectarian partition is a viable model for Syria. The paper highlights the multiple cleavages occurring simultaneously, and shows how a power-sharing model is best suited to deal with them. Originality/value – The paper analyses the ongoing inertia of political negotiations to peacefully resolve the conflict. It offers an approach to conflict-resolution in Syria that has, thus far, not been adequately considered in academic – or political – spheres.

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