Gender, age and nationality: assessing their impact on conflict resolution styles

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwakemi Gbadamosi ◽  
Abbas Ghanbari Baghestan ◽  
Khalil Al-Mabrouk
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Older Students ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conflict Resolution Styles ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the conflict resolution styles used by university students in handling conflicts, and to determine the effects (if any) of age, nationality and gender on how students respond to conflicts. Design/methodology/approach – The Thomas-Kilmann conflict mode instrument was adopted to assess the conflict resolution styles (accommodating, avoiding, collaborative, competitive and compromising) of post graduate students in a University in Malaysia. Both ANOVA and t-test analyses were utilized to investigate the relationship between, nationality, gender, age and conflict resolution styles used by students. Findings – Results of this study indicates that female students used competitive style more than male students, while male students are more likely to avoid conflicts. The older students were discovered to use more avoiding, while younger students are more likely to be competitive in nature. The findings did not reveal any significant differences in nationality. Originality/value – This paper expands its focus from gender (which is the most commonly tested category) to other categories such as age and nationality, thereby giving room for these new categories to be tested extensively in future researches. The results reveal that students not only use different conflict resolution styles to address conflicts, but also there exists differences in the styles used by students of different age groups and gender.

As the tree is, so is the fruit? Examining the effects of ethical leadership on bootlegging from the perspective of leader–follower gender similarity

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuwen Li ◽  
Ruiqian Jia ◽  
Juergen H. Seufert ◽  
Huijie Tang ◽  
Jinlian Luo
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Leadership ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Moral Identity ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Chinese Companies ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Similarity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moral Efficacy

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore how and when ethical leadership enhances bootlegging. To achieve this purpose, the authors proposed a moderated dual-path model in this study. Design/methodology/approach The model was tested on two related studies. Study 1 was based on three-wave, collected data from a sample of 511 employees of Chinese companies. Data used in Study 2 was collected by survey from employees and their direct leaders of multiple departments of companies in China. Findings In Study 1, the authors found that moral efficacy and moral identity mediate between ethical leadership and bootlegging. Findings from Study 2 provide convergent support of moral efficacy’s and moral identity’s impact on the mediation relationship between ethical leadership and bootlegging. Moreover, the results of Study 2 further reveal that the relationship between ethical leadership and moral efficacy (or moral identity) was more significant among leader–follower with different genders. Originality/value This study not only enriches the literature on ethical leadership and gender (dis)similarity, but also helps managers to better understand the function of bootlegging.

The moderating role of gender inequality and age among emotional intelligence, homesickness and development of mood swings in university students

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 356-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaffar Abbas ◽  
Muhammad Aqeel ◽  
Zhang Wenhong ◽  
Jaffar Aman ◽  
Farough Zahra
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
University Students ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Older Students ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderating Role

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the moderating role of the demographic variables in emotional intelligence, homesickness and the development of mood swings in university students. Additionally, the paper investigates the relationship among emotional intelligence, homesickness and mood swings in university students. Design/methodology/approach Purposive sampling technique was employed based on a cross-sectional design. The sample comprised 304 university students (male students, n=210, female students, n=94). Three scales were used to measure the homesickness, emotional intelligence and positive and negative mood swings in university students. Findings The results revealed that homesickness was positively and significantly correlated with mood swings (r=0.34, p<0.001) and negative mood swings (r=0.49, p<0.001). The result also displayed that emotional intelligence was correlated with homesickness (r=−0.15, p<0.05), positive mood swings (r=0.33, p<0.05) and negative mood swings (r=−0.24, p<0.05). The results of the analysis revealed that demographic variables such as age and gender were the moderator between homesickness and development of mood swings. The results also revealed that demographic variable such as gender was the moderator between emotional intelligence and mood swings. This study recommended that those younger students who had experienced homesickness were more likely to develop negative mood swings as compared to older students. Social implications The study also recommended that those young students who had emotional intelligence were less likely to develop negative mood swings as compared to older students. Originality/value The study further recommended that those female students who had experienced homesickness were more likely to develop positive mood swings as compared to male students. Recommendations of the currents study are that university students can benefit equally but female students can benefit more from an intervention addressing homesickness. This study would be helpful in pedagogical and clinical settings to raise the awareness to effectively deal with their children.

Ethics, responsibility and sustainability orientation among economics and management masters’ students

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-199
Author(s):  
Catarina Delgado ◽  
Mani Venkatesh ◽  
Manuel Castelo Branco ◽  
Tânia Silva
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Selection Effect ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Master's Degrees ◽  
Scientific Area ◽  
Master Degree ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Masters Students

Purpose This study aims to address the topic of ethics, responsibility and sustainability (ERS) orientation of students enrolled in schools of economics and management master’s degrees. It examines the effect of educational background and gender on Portuguese students’ orientation towards ERS, as well as the extent to which there is a relation between the scientific area of the master degree in which the student is enrolled and his/her ERS orientation. Design/methodology/approach The authors used a sample of 201 students from several master degrees offered by the School of Economics and Management of a large public Portuguese university and analysed their ERS orientation using a survey by questionnaire. Findings Findings suggest that there are differences in orientation across gender, with female students valuing ERS more than their male counterparts. Educational background has minimal effects on the responses. It was also found some sort of selection effect in terms of the scientific area of the master degree and ERS orientation. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature by analysing the issue of whether students with an educational background in economics and management present different ERS orientation than their counterparts, as well as by examining whether there is some sort of self-selection into the study of disciplines in which ERS orientation is likely to be a week. As far as the authors are aware, this is the first study analysing this type of issue regarding ERS.

Conflict resolution styles and personality

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 792-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Canaan Messarra ◽  
Silva Karkoulian ◽  
Abdul-Nasser El-Kassar
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Human Resource Managers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conflict Resolution Styles ◽  
Resource Managers ◽  
Conflict Handling ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – Conflict in the workplace creates a challenge for many of present day managers. The purpose of this paper is to explore the moderating effect of generations X and Y on the relationship between personality and conflict handling styles. Design/methodology/approach – The study is conducted using a sample of 199 employees working in the electronic retail sector in a non-Western culture. The five-factor model of personality traits is used to measure personality, while conflict styles are measured using Rahim’s Organizational Conflict Inventory II. Findings – Results indicate that generations X and Y moderate the relationship between specific personality traits and conflict handling styles. Research limitations/implications – This study investigated the moderating effect of generations X and Y on a sample of employees within the electronic retail service sector in Lebanon. It is recommended that future research examine such a relationship in other sectors and cultures for generalizability. Since generation Z (born in the late 1990s) will soon be entering the job market, further studies should include this cohort when investigating the relationships. Finally, for a deeper understanding of the relationship, it is advisable to use both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. Practical implications – The understanding of what influences an individual’s choice regarding his/her choice of conflict resolution styles is of great use to supervisors in general and human resource managers in particular. This will assist in developing training programs that help employees acquire the appropriate skills necessary to control their impulses in a conflict situation. Training should comprise conflict resolution and communication skills that could help bridge the gap between generations. Effectively managing generational conflict in the workplace can positively contribute to the level and frequency of future conflicts, which in turn, can lead to favorable organizational outcomes. Originality/value – Earlier research that examined the relationship between personality and conflict management styles have found varying results ranging from weak to strong relationships. The understanding of what influences an individual’s choice of which management style he/she chooses is of great use for managers in general and human resource managers in particular. This study showed that the inconsistency could be the result of some factors that moderate this relationship. The age of individuals contributes to the strength or the weakness of the various relationships between personality and conflict handling styles. Findings suggest that generations X and Y do not moderate the relationships among the personality traits and the dominating and obliging conflict styles. They do, however, have varying moderating effects on the relationships between specific personality traits and the integrating, avoiding, and compromising styles.

Effects of role models and gender on students’ entrepreneurial intentions

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 694-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeid Karimi ◽  
Harm J.A. Biemans ◽  
Thomas Lans ◽  
Mohammad Chizari ◽  
Martin Mulder
Keyword(s):  
Role Models ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Entrepreneurial Role

Purpose – This paper aims to, drawing on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), explore the effects of entrepreneurial role models on entrepreneurial intention (EI) and its antecedents and examines the question of whether the effects vary by gender. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from a sample of 331 students at seven universities in Iran. Structural equation modelling and bootstrap procedure were used to analyse the data. Findings – Consistent with the TPB, our results show entrepreneurial role models to indirectly influence EIs via the antecedents of intention. No gender differences in the relationship between perceived behaviour control and EIs were found, but gender did moderate the other relationships within the TPB. Attitude towards entrepreneurship was a weaker predictor and subjective norms a stronger predictor of EIs for female students than for their male counterparts. Furthermore, perceived behaviour control and attitudes towards entrepreneurship were more strongly influenced by role models for females as opposed to male students. Research limitations/implications – Future studies should go beyond examining the mere fact of knowing entrepreneurial role models to examine the mechanisms underlying the relationship between role models and EIs. Practical implications – The results of this study have clear implications for both educators and policymakers. Originality/value – The study contributes to the entrepreneurship literature by incorporating entrepreneurial role models and gender into the TPB and investigating their mediating and moderating effects within the model.

scholarly journals To explore how stress and depression associates with wellbeing of university students in Eastern Nigeria by gender

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 312-322
Author(s):  
Ezenna Michael Agwu
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
University Students ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Few studies in the past examined student’s health status and lifestyle behaviours, however, none have examined how student’s wellbeing is being influenced by stress and depression among university students in eastern Nigeria. This is the first study in Nigeria to gauge the relationship between students mental health status with wellbeing. The study went further to examined how the relationship of stress and depression transmits through gender among the students. Aims: The aim of this study is to explore the relationship of stress and depression with students’ wellbeing and gender. Method: This is a cross sectional descriptive study. Full time university students were recruited from the department of public health in the University of Calabar, Cross River state Nigeria. Data collection was based on an anonymous questionnaire and the sample size was (n= 291). Descriptive tests and chi-square tests were conducted. Results: The study indicated that female students reported higher stress and depression than their male counterparts. Secondly the study shows that female students had a better wellbeing and health status than male students. Conclusion: This study is the first to gauge the association of stress and depression with wellbeing and gender of university students in Nigeria. The result indicated that though female students reported higher stress and depression than male students however, on the contrary they reported better wellbeing index than their male counterparts that even reported lower stress and depression.

scholarly journals Microfinance and microenterprise performance in Indonesia: an extended and updated survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 957-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adwin Surja Atmadja ◽  
Parmendra Sharma ◽  
Jen-Je Su
Keyword(s):  
Business Performance ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Content Type ◽  
History Of ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to address the small, women micro-entrepreneur dominated and heterogeneity limitations of the Atmadjaet al.(2016) study. The sample is much larger, includes more men and is more heterogeneous, which allows deeper insights and more meaningful explanation of the relationship between microfinance and microenterprise performance in the case of Indonesia, including the effects of gender, lending scheme and money separation.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a survey of 556 respondents across five microcredit providers in the city of Surabaya using an updated instrument. Ordered probit is used to analyse data.FindingsMicrofinance may not matter for microenterprise performance in the case of Indonesia. Additionally, microcredit schemes (individual vs group) and gender may also not matter for performance, but money separation might have some influence.Practical implicationsNon-financial factors such as human capital, spousal involvement, and money separation should be considered as important factors for improving microenterprise business performance in Indonesia, with less focus on microcreditper se.Originality/valueThis study provides further evidence that microfinance may not matter for microenterprise performance in the case of Indonesia, a populous middle income country with a very long history of microfinance.

Entrepreneuring together: his and her stories

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Bruni ◽  
Manuela Perrotta
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Economic Rhetoric ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – Among the various “critical” voices which have contributed to problematizing the discourse on entrepreneurship, that of gender studies is indubitably one of the most significant and fruitful. Applying a gender perspective to the study of entrepreneurship has led to the uncovering of the (male) gender assumptions embodied in the dictates of entrepreneurship and to distinguish between study of women entrepreneurs and study of the relationship between gender and entrepreneurship. One aspect little explored within this diversified array of studies concerns “mixed” situations in which a firm's management is shared between a woman and a man. Such situations are interesting in that: first, they make it possible to problematize the economic rhetoric which promulgates entrepreneurship as an individual and isolated, activity; second, the simultaneous presence of a man and a woman allows observation of whether and how gender stereotypes and practices are at work in the process of positioning Him and Her within the firm. In order to investigate both these aspects, the paper considers 18 verbal histories of women and men entrepreneurs, showing how entrepreneurship can be conceived as a distributed activity, as well as a playground for gender dynamics. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Narrative analysis of 18 “two-voice” interviews (for a total of 36 individual interviews) collected in artisanal activities characterized by the concomitant presence of a Him and a Her within the firm. Findings – First, interweaving between doing gender and doing business; second, entrepreneurship as a distributed activity; third, entrepreneurial environment sets out opportunities and contingent factors which can be used as resources for the positioning of Him and Her in the story and the construction of different narratives. This confirms the multi-dimensionality of entrepreneurial experience and suggests that future research should pay closer attention to the aspects of business activity sharing and reciprocity in the construction and positioning of gender. Research limitations/implications – Main implication for future research is to pay closer attention to aspects of reciprocity sharing and gender positioning in entrepreneurship. Originality/value – “Mixed” entrepreneurial experiences (firm's management is shared between a woman and a man) are little explored and it is still uncommon to frame entrepreneurship as a distributed activity.

Does involvement shapes consumers’ response to product failure?

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahman Hamzelu ◽  
Ali Gohary ◽  
Salar Ghafoori Nia ◽  
Kambiz Heidarzadeh Hanzaee
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Negative Word ◽  
Product Failure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Level Of Involvement ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Customer Reaction ◽  
Different Levels

Purpose Customer reaction to failure is of essential importance and varies by level of involvement with products and services. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to use the FCB grid to examine effects of involvement and emotion on failure of products and services. It also explores effects of negative word-of-mouth, consumer advocacy, customer voicing and gender on the so-called silent killers. Design/methodology/approach A 2 (male or female)×4 (high and low involvement, feelings, thinking in FCB grid) between-subjects experiment on 311 college students, who have recently experienced product failure, is performed. Findings Results reveal that customers with different levels of involvement react differently to product failure. Furthermore, low-involvement products are more likely to develop silent killers. The results also show that silent killer is more common among men. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no similar study is performed on the relationship between involvement and failure of products or services. In addition, this attempt is the first quantitative study to examine the phenomenon of silent killers in this field.

scholarly journals METACOGNITIVE AWARENESS OF COLLEGE STUDENTS: PERSPECTIVES OF AGE AND GENDER

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (37) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyavrata Panda
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Metacognitive Awareness ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Graduate Level ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Parental Encouragement ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

The study was conducted to determine the relationship between parental encouragement of graduate students in relation to their risk taking behaviour. The participants were 600 degree college students of Haryana state studying in different streams viz. Art, Science, Commerce, Pharmacy and Education. Parental encouragement scale by Kusum Agrawal and Risk Taking Questionnaire (RTQ) by V.N.Sinha and P.N.Arora were used for the study. Mean, Standard Deviation and ‘z’ test were used for compare the values among different groups. The result of the study shows that the female students were significantly differ in parental encouragement than the male students studying at graduate level while the male and female students studying in professional and non professional courses at graduate level does not differ in parental encouragement.

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