Order effects and multi-city visits: tour guides’ perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Zare ◽  
Philip Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Position Effect ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Position Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tour Guides ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Perceived Effects ◽  
Guided Tours ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of the order in which a set of cities are visited to ascertain the effects of position on group tourists’ recall and evaluations. Design/methodology/approach Using a questionnaire, the views of highly experienced tour guides were analysed to provide preliminary insights about the likely occurrence of position effects. The topic was studied in Iran where a natural variation in the order of visiting cities on guided tours exists. Findings Credible and consistent evidence was found for the perceived effects of recency when considering tourists’ recall and evaluations. In particular, the influence was seen as clearly enhancing the recall and positive evaluation for the most high profile cities in the set of visited locations. Research limitations/implications Replications of the position effect in other countries and for other kinds of tourism cities needs to be pursued, desirably by direct assessments of tourist’ views to buttress the present views held by guides. Practical implications Designing itineraries by making imaginative use of the effects of order on the tourists’ sequence of city visits should facilitate the memorability of destinations for tourists and benefit businesses. Originality/value Empirical evidence about order effects in multi-city tour itineraries has never been established. The study provides foundation evidence for such influences through a non-reactive and naturalistic assessment by tour guides who are in contact with varied itineraries and who regularly consider the experiences of diverse and large numbers of tourists.

New kids on the block

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 25-27
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Team Members ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
Major Competitor ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings Picture this – you have recruited a new member for your team, we will call her Jane. Jane was the best candidate on paper and gave a stunning interview. She will fill the vacant role in your team and then some with her wide-ranging experience, insights from previous role at a major competitor and highly advanced skill set. She started last week and seems to have understood all the induction training so far, and even stayed late on the first few nights when she did not have to. She is booked onto some further high-profile training courses shortly, and seems to be really hitting the ground problem. There is only one problem: Jane is sitting by herself in the staff restaurant at lunch times and does not seem to be talking much with her fellow team members. But this is not going to affect her performance, right? Practical implications The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

How to not spend $100bn

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-15
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach – This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings – The justification of the super wealthy for being, well, super wealthy, is that there is a “trickle down effect” that benefits us mere mortals. This effect supposedly sees the rich and famous spend their hard-earned cash on goods and services supplied by the great unwashed, and invest in companies and projects that require large numbers of people to be gainfully employed. If it was not for such benevolence, presumably the authors would see long lines of people snaking round the block from job centres like the darkest days of the 1980s. Practical implications – This paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. Originality/value – This briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

scholarly journals “Tacit pedagogy” and “entanglement”: practice-based learning and innovation

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-284
Author(s):  
Jay Derrick
Keyword(s):  
Workplace Learning ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Team Working ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Engineering Company ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper argues that the informal dimensions of practice are critical for understanding workplace learning and innovation, but have been under-theorised and under-researched. This paper aims to build on the thinking of Ellström (2010), Billett (2012) and Guile (2014) to account for the emergence of innovation through practice, and propose two new concepts for improving our understanding of innovation as process: “tacit pedagogy” and “entanglement”. This argument is evidenced through a recent study of team-working in a high-profile engineering company. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative interview data was collected on the informal features of organisational culture and work processes supporting innovation, and how these features intersect and interrelate with the formal features and procedures of the organisation. Findings Three generic modes of team-working practice are identified which, it is suggested, are likely to be associated with innovatory working, and are observable practices available to future researchers. Practical implications Productive approaches to the organisation of work processes so as to enhance practitioner learning and the potential for innovation are evidenced and evaluated. Originality/value The concepts “tacit pedagogy” and “entanglement”, intended to improve theoretical understanding of learning and innovation through practice, are introduced.

Exploring the value co-creation process on guided tours (the ‘AIM-model’) and the experience-centric management approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Zátori
Keyword(s):  
Service Provider ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Service Design ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Creation Process ◽  
Tour Guides ◽  
Guided Tours

Purpose The purpose of the paper was to explore the influence of the experience-centric approach and the concept of co-creation on service design and provision and to analyze the process of on-site experience co-creation between provider and consumer, particularly, how tour providers and tour guides enhance and support the process of co-creation. Design/methodology/approach The study reviews the literature on experience-centric approach and value co-creation, discusses personal resources and experience-centric service design as resources for co-creation. It analyzes primary data from 33 interviews and 28 observations of 11 sightseeing tour providers. Findings The methods and tools of tour providers’ service design were explored and evaluated whether they fit the criteria of the concept of co-creation and experience-centric approach. The findings show that small-group tour providers use the concept of co-creation to the biggest extent, followed by alternative tour providers. The study also analyzed what types of service designs support a co-creative service provision. Three steps were identified as steps to support and realize experience and value co-creation from the side of the service provider. Based on the empirical results, the attention-involve-make discover (AIM) model was created, which proposes that the process of value and experience co-creation happens by provoking attention, by engaging and involving and, finally, by making consumers to discover. Originality/value The originality of the paper lies in the creation of the AIM-model illustrating the on-site co-creation process in the context of guided tours, which can further be tested in other fields and areas.

Employee competence development in corporate volunteering

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldona Glińska-Neweś ◽  
Akram Hatami ◽  
Jan Hermes ◽  
Anne Keränen ◽  
Pauliina Ulkuniemi
Keyword(s):  
Business Case ◽  
Competence Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organizational Settings ◽  
Corporate Volunteering ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
Perceived Effects ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine how employee competences can be developed through corporate volunteering (CV). Specifically, this study focuses on diversity of volunteering studies categorized according to the type of beneficiaries and intensity of volunteer contact with them. The study examines how the beneficiary-employee relation influences the development of employee competences in CV projects. Design/methodology/approach In this qualitative empirical study, interview data collected in Poland about the perceived effects of CV projects on employee competences was used. Findings The findings suggest that to understand the competences generated in CV, attention needs to be paid to the nature of the volunteering study itself. The study proposes four different logics of competence development in CV, based on the type of the beneficiary and contact with them. Research limitations/implications The study builds on managers’ perceptions of competence development. For a holistic understanding, future research should include employees’ perceptions of the process. Also, more research is needed regarding national and organizational settings as factors in competence development through CV. Practical implications The study suggests how companies could best engage in volunteering programs and improve existing ones to make them more beneficial for all parties involved. Social implications The findings build the better business case for CV and other corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives, i.e. they deliver rationales for business engagement in this regard. Originality/value The study contributes to the conceptual understanding of CSR activities by presenting four logics of competence development in CV.

scholarly journals Witness interview strategy for critical incidents (WISCI)

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Smith ◽  
Becky Milne
Keyword(s):  
Critical Incident ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Critical Incidents ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Fast Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Advice ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeHigh-profile critical incidents involving multiple witnesses, particularly terrorist attacks, have increased over the years. The purpose of this paper is to describe the components of a witness interview strategy for this type of investigation. Central to these cases is a need for a triage system which deals with a large number of witness/victim interviews that must be conducted fast time.Design/methodology/approachThis paper was developed based on the experience of the authors who provide practical advice and support to these types of investigations and a dialogue with police interview advisers involved in developing this type of strategy.FindingsA witness interview strategy for critical incidents involving multiple witnesses should be set within a framework that covers initial contact with the witnesses, the interview process and post-interview processes.Practical implicationsIt is important that a witness interview strategy is developed for any critical incident involving multiple witnesses to ensure that what could otherwise be a chaotic process is effectively managed.Originality/valueNo other papers have been published that consider the development of witness interview-strategies for multiple-witnesses in critical incidents.

A fair playing field for sport

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 23-25 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
High Profile ◽  
The World ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Additional Value ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Numerous People

Purpose – This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach – This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings – For numerous people around the world, sport is a major part of their lives. Its popularity is evident in the degree of both active and passive involvement that prevails. Considerable scope therefore exists for sport to help a variety of interested parties to obtain income, additional value and influence. These include such as individual participants, organizations, sporting bodies, industries and governments. Such opportunities have risen further in recent decades as a result of gradual increases in professionalism and commercialism. But enjoying a high profile comes at a price. Conventional firms can vouch for that. In the wake of well-documented scandals that seriously damaged trust in business, the public quite rightly demanded that companies should demonstrate greater transparency and integrity. Sport has obviously not been without its problems either. Practical implications – The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. Originality/value – The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Boundary tourism and touristic boundaries in Marseille’s northern districts

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-369
Author(s):  
Yannick Hascoët
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Guided Tours ◽  
Close Investigation ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the touristic classification of the developing practices in the northern districts of Marseille (France). Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on participant observation and semi-structured interviews, sometimes conducted within a sightseeing tour situation and loosely inspired by the “guided tours” technique. Findings The paper shows there is currently no definition of tourism in itself, just tourism for itself. Hence, the touristic classification of the implementations in Marseille’s northern districts is relative, relational and transversal. Research limitations/implications The paper does not exhaust (far from it) the subject of the touristic classification of the implementations in Marseille or, a fortiori, the debate on what “makes” tourism. This paper is simply one link in the historical chain of Marseille’s northern districts, which are (or are not) currently being invented as a tourist destination. Practical implications This research has led to sustained and continuous exchanges since 2012 with the Hôtel du Nord cooperative, which discusses and integrates the academic point of view into its practice, most notably to advance in its relationship with the touristic classification of the practices it deploys. Originality/value The contribution made by this paper to the debate on the classification of contemporary tourism is based on a domain that is as yet relatively unexplored from this point of view and which has benefited from the close investigation of practices that the author’s embedded-researcher position has allowed.

scholarly journals Value appropriation in business exchange – literature review and future research opportunities

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Ellegaard ◽  
Christopher J. Medlin ◽  
Jens Geersbro
Keyword(s):  
Value Creation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Value Appropriation ◽  
Position Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Management Literature ◽  
Industrial Markets ◽  
The Many ◽  
Business Exchange ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – Value appropriation is a central, yet neglected aspect in business exchange research. The purpose of the paper is to generate an overview of research on active value appropriation in business exchange and provide the foundation for further research into value appropriation, as well as some initial guidance for managers. Design/methodology/approach – Literatures investigating value appropriation were identified by the means of a systematic review of the overall management literature. Findings – The authors provide an overview and comparison of the literatures and find that they apply diverse understandings of the value appropriation process and emphasize different mechanisms and outcomes of value appropriation. Research limitations/implications – Based on the literature comparison and discussion, in combination with inspiration from alternative business exchange literature, the authors propose four areas with high potential for future research into value appropriation: network position effects, appropriation acts and behaviors, buyer-seller relationship effects, and appropriation over time. Practical implications – Boundary spanning managers acting in industrial markets must master the difficult balance between value creation and appropriation. This review has provided an overview of the many managerial options for value appropriation and created knowledge on the effects of the various appropriation mechanisms enabling managers to secure company rents while not jeopardizing value creation. Originality/value – To the authors' knowledge, this paper represents the first attempt at reviewing the management literature on value appropriation in business exchange. The authors provide overview, details, comparisons, and frame a research agenda as a first step towards establishing value appropriation as a key phenomenon in business exchange research.

Using Futures 2.0 to manage intractable futures: the case of weight loss

foresight ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Soojung‐Kim Pang
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Goals ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Wild Cards ◽  
Developed World ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeFuturists have tended to take little interest in the hard work of implementing changes necessary to reach particular futures. This paper aims to argue that the field should pay more attention to these issues, and to use the challenge of weight loss to illustrate how tools can be developed to help both individuals and organizations deal with futures. It also aims to argue for the importance of mindfulness in managing long‐term futures challenges.Design/methodology/approachThe paper describes how the author applied concepts outlined in Futures 2.0 to his own program of weight loss, and lost 50 pounds (22.7 kilograms).FindingsThe paper shows how futurists could use concepts from behavioral economics and design in personal futures and futures work more generally. It also suggests that mindfulness – a concept borrowed from Buddhism and other contemplative practices – can give perspective necessary see the long‐term consequences of decisions they face in the present, and the self‐discipline necessary to make good choices.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper argues that futurists should not just focus on helping clients see unexpected trends or wild cards, or thinking about the future in new ways, or reframing their underlying strategic assumptions. Complex, intractable futures subvert the best efforts of rational actors; clients are most interested in getting help on the problems they are least likely to solve.Practical implicationsMore value for clients can be delivered by helping them understand common roadblocks and designing the means to reach long‐term future goals.Social implicationsFor a profession accustomed to thinking about big issues and megatrends like nanotechnology and global warming, losing weight may seem trivial and beneath its interest. But by any objective measure, in much of the developed world obesity is a substantial public health problem: it affects the lives of tens of millions of people, increases chronic diseases like hypertension and diabetes, and costs governments hundreds of billions of dollars. More generally, weight loss is a microcosm of the kinds of problems that can only be managed through the collective action of large numbers of people.Originality/valueThe paper is a contribution to the literature on personal futures, and to the ongoing discussion of the scope and methods of futures.

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