scholarly journals How kinship resources alleviate structural disadvantage: self-employment duration among refugees and labor migrants

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliaksei Kazlou ◽  
Karl Wennberg
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ethnic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Employment Success ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Employment Duration

Purpose Economic integration of refugees remains a challenge for developed countries. Although refugees differ greatly from labor migrants in available resources and motivation toward self-employment, prevailing studies on minority and ethnic entrepreneurship tend to lump these different categories of migrants together. Based on theories of migrants’ economic embeddedness, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the extent to which family- and kinship-based resources affect self-employment duration among refugees and labor migrants. Design/methodology/approach Based on Cox regression models, this longitudinal study estimates the self-employment duration of 10,519 refugees and 2,503 labor migrants starting businesses in Sweden in the period 2006–2012. Findings Results reveal that while refugees are at a disadvantage to labor migrants in terms of self-employment duration, their higher level of family embeddedness in part helps them overcome these disadvantages. For refugees but not for labor migrants, co-location in an ethnic enclave also lowers the risk of them becoming unemployed after a spell in entrepreneurship. Originality/value This original paper provides empirical and theoretical contributions to research on migrants’ self-employment success. It also discusses contributions for research on entrepreneurs’ social embeddedness and refugees’ entrepreneurship.

Terrorism and tourism in France: the limitations of dark tourism

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugues Seraphin
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Dark Tourism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Recovery Strategies ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this viewpoint paper is to discuss whether dark tourism can be developed around the sites of recent terrorist attacks in France. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on a literature review of key terms: dark tourism; tourism; and terrorism. Findings The paper observes that dark tourism is not popular in France, and dark tourism activities are unlikely to develop anywhere nearer the places where the recent terrorist attacks happened. France remains rather conservative in some aspects related to death. Practical implications Recent events in France might challenge the leadership of the destination. The disturbing commonalities between tourism and terrorism make it difficult to figure out suitable recovery strategies that would contribute to enhancing the image of the destination without jeopardising the life of civilians. Originality/value This paper presents France as a politically unstable tourist destination. In general, this scenario is normally associated with less-developed countries or non-established tourist destinations.

Quo vadis, ethnic entrepreneurship? A bibliometric analysis of ethnic entrepreneurship in growing markets

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Indarti ◽  
Naya Hapsari ◽  
Andy Susilo Lukito-Budi ◽  
Risa Virgosita
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurship Research ◽  
Ethnic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Research Themes ◽  
Quo Vadis

Purpose This study aims to investigate the trends in existing studies in the field of ethnic entrepreneurship in the context of growing markets in terms of definitions, theories, themes, methodologies and settings. Design/methodology/approach This study used bibliometric analysis and used Publish or Perish software with Google Scholar as the database. A total of 183 articles published in 122 journals from 1988 to 2018 were selected. This study used systematic data to reveal trends in growing markets and qualitative inductive analysis to define relevant themes within the topic. Findings The results show that ethnic entrepreneurship is defined as involving immigrants from developing countries. From a theoretical point of view, socio-cultural theories, socio-economic theories and combinations of both have been used to explain the phenomenon. Six research themes have been developed indicating potential explorative and exploitative research themes. This study identified the dominance of the qualitative approach in ethnic entrepreneurship research and found that the typical research subjects are Asian immigrants, especially Chinese, in developed countries. The articles reviewed were mainly conducted in developed countries (68.85%) and a lesser portion in developing countries (13.66%), particularly Asian countries. Practical implications This study provides future directions for research on ethnic entrepreneurship, such as gender studies of ethnic entrepreneurs and factors affecting the opening of new businesses in new locations. Originality/value This study reveals trends in the ethnic entrepreneurship field based on the country in which the study was conducted, the definition of ethnic entrepreneurship, the theories, the research themes, the methodologies, the research setting and the ethnicity studied. It also used the framework of input–process–output to establish a generic road map of the ethnic entrepreneurship research area.

Ramadan’s impact on the optimism of analysts’ recommendations

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 727-742
Author(s):  
Harit Satt ◽  
Sarah Nechbaoui ◽  
M. Kabir Hassan ◽  
Selma Izadi
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Stock Exchanges ◽  
Information Uncertainty ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
World Religions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to document the impact of Ramadan on the optimism of analysts’ recommendations taking as a sample the countries of the MENA region during the period between 2004 and 2015. The choice of these countries can be explained by the fact that their population is predominantly of a Muslim faith (The Future of World Religions: Population Growth Projections, 2010-2050, 2015). Design/methodology/approach The authors used univariate and multivariate regression models to highlight the existence of the Ramadan effect on the optimism of analysts. They have found that pre-holiday optimism is significantly lower than post-holiday optimism. Findings This paper also documented the effect of analysts’ experience and information uncertainty on the analysts’ optimism level that allowed us to infer that low experience enhances optimism, while environment with low information uncertainty tends to decrease the level of optimism. Originality/value Previous research on this topic has investigated the effect of months of the year, turns of the month and days-of-the-week on the behavior of stock exchanges. Another strand of the literature also analyzed the effect of holidays on the latter. However, this is the first attempt to investigate this effect on analysts’ recommendations optimism when the holiday period is related to Islam.

The difference in the FDI – private investment relationship between developed and developing countries: does it stem from governance environment?

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Bon Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Governance Environment ◽  
The Difference

PurposeThe paper attempts to empirically examine the difference in the foreign direct investment (FDI) – private investment relationship between developed and developing countries over the period 2000–2013.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses the two-step GMM Arellano-Bond estimators (both system and difference) for a group of 25 developed countries and a group of 72 developing ones. Then, the PMG estimator is employed to check the robustness of estimates.FindingsFirst, there is a clear difference in the FDI – private investment relationship between developed countries and developing ones. Second, governance environment, economic growth and trade openness stimulate private investment. Third, the effect of tax revenue on private investment in developed countries is completely opposite to that in developing ones.Originality/valueThe paper is the first to provide empirical evidence to confirm the dependence of FDI – private investment relationship on governance environment. In fact, contrary to the view (arguments) in Morrissey and Udomkerdmongkol (2012), the paper indicates that FDI crowds out private investment in developed countries (good governance environment), but crowds in developing countries (poor governance environment).

Complex network analysis for international talent mobility based on bibliometrics

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-435
Author(s):  
Yinqiu Wang ◽  
Hui Luo ◽  
Yunyan` Shi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Complex Network ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Bibliometric Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Negative Factor ◽  
The World

Purpose This paper aims to explore international talent mobility and identify its negative/positive factors. Design/methodology/approach Bibliometric data from Scopus are explicated to model the mobility network and providing a more comprehensive posture. In addition, by using indicators of complex network, significant features of international talent mobility are described quantitatively. After that, by introducing a kind of improved gravity model with multiple linear regression, the authors identify factors to explain international talent mobility flows. Findings With the analysis of international talent mobility in complex network, the overall network is not balanced. A small part of developed countries and developing countries with good emergency attract and drain a lot of talents and talents usually moving between these countries, the amount of talents leaving or entering into other countries is very limited. Furthermore, according to multiple linear regression, it is found that the share of migrants in population is the major negative factor for international talent mobility, and the factors of destination countries is more significant than original countries. Originality/value The result of this paper may support further research studies and political suggestions for cultivating, attracting and retaining scientific and technological talents in the world.

Mitigating the risks of acquiring foreign strategic assets

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 21-23
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Location Strategy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Strategic Assets ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Timing Of Entry ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings This research paper concentrates on a range of entry options available to emerging market companies who intend to expand their global reach by seeking strategic assets in developed countries. The results reveal that the emerging market investor’s appetite for amassing strategic assets, such as Western brands and technologies, materially influences their location strategy, their chosen mode of ownership, and their investment intensity but not their timing of entry. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives, strategists, and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

scholarly journals Steps towards a CSR binding paradigm

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Léna Masson
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Labor Standards ◽  
Global Regulation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Voluntary Regulation ◽  
Private Power

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to pursue the dialogue on the global firms’ regulation vis-à-vis human rights and labor standards in developing countries. Design/methodology/approach Locke’s book The Promise and Limits of Private Power is analyzed and discussed with respect to more recent global regulation literature and mechanisms. Findings Locke advocates that private voluntary regulation has to be combined with local laws in developing countries to fully enforce labor standards and workers’ rights. In light of recent changes, the interesting model proposed by Locke shows some weaknesses. Originality/value To enforce labor standards and workers’ rights in developing countries, the author argue that governments in developed countries need to be seen as major players in multinational corporations (MNCs) regulations. But above all, the economic model needs to be questioned.

Science-industry R&D cooperation effects on firm’s appropriation strategy

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Milesi ◽  
Vladimiro Verre ◽  
Natalia Petelski
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Critical Dimensions ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Similar Weight ◽  
Innovation Characteristics ◽  
Opposing Effects ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to show how science-industry R&D cooperation (SIRC) generates effects on the strategy developed by firms to appropriate the benefits of innovations. Given the plurality of cooperation patterns between firms and public R&D institutions and the variety of appropriation mechanisms used by firms to protect generated knowledge or to strengthen their market position, this paper investigates to what extent different forms of cooperation are associated with different effects on appropriation strategy. Design/methodology/approach As evidence of this, the authors carry out a multiple case study, covering nine biopharmaceutical Argentine firms whose innovation projects are developed in cooperation with public R&D institutions. Using critical dimensions identified by public-private R&D cooperation literature, the paper analyzes the characteristics of cooperation in the cases studied, looking for different patterns. Given the existence of various appropriation mechanisms identified by appropriability literature, the paper analyzes how firms use (or not) those mechanisms within the specific context of jointly generated innovation. Findings The paper shows that SIRC generates opposing effects on the various appropriation mechanisms used by firms, both challenging and strengthening them. Likewise, the identification of three cooperation patterns in Argentine biopharmaceutical sector, namely, contract R&D, internalization and coordination, allows appreciating how each pattern affects differently the appropriation mechanisms used by firms, being the coordination one, the most functional to the appropriation strategy of firms analyzed. Research limitations/implications The arguments presented here are necessarily limited to the biopharmaceutical Argentine sector, which is strategic to the country, for accumulated capabilities in scientific and business aspects. The analysis could be enriched by extending it to other industries with similar innovation characteristics and to other countries, where patents have a similar weight (emerging countries) or a different one (developed countries). Practical implications Innovation and public-private collaboration policies may benefit from the analysis presented here, which helps to assess advantages and challenges of different SIRC logics on firms’ appropriation issues and to considerate which aspects allow cooperation and appropriation combining in a more virtuous form. Originality/value There is no paper that explicitly examines the effects generated by different SIRC patterns on the appropriation strategy of firms, conceived as a combination of different mechanisms which may include patents but is not limited to them.

Legislation for building back better of horizontal infrastructure

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Bassett ◽  
Suzanne Wilkinson ◽  
Sandeeka Mannakkara
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Similar Case ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Valuable Contribution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Post Disaster

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine how post-disaster legislation can be used to support building back better (BBB) in the horizontal infrastructure sector (roading, water, wastewater and stormwater networks). Design/methodology/approach A case study approach was taken looking at the rebuild following the Canterbury earthquakes in New Zealand. Data were collected through document analysis and semi-structured open-ended interviews with members of the organization responsible for implementing the horizontal infrastructure rebuild. Findings The results showed that the post-disaster legislative actions taken in Christchurch were comparable to existing findings on post-disaster legislative best practices in developed countries. This study confirmed that post-disaster legislation is an effective mechanism to support BBB through enforcing BBB concepts such as risk reduction and better implementation, and facilitating the recovery process to improve efficiency. Research limitations/implications It is recommended that this study is extended to conduct similar case studies in other countries to further explore legislative implications in different sectors as well as different legislative environments. Originality/value This paper makes a valuable contribution to existing research on how post-disaster legislation can be used to support BBB in the horizontal infrastructure sector. The findings also add to wider knowledge on the Canterbury earthquakes recovery process.

Sri Lankan entrepreneurs in Australia: chance or choice?

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 782-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramanie Samaratunge ◽  
Rowena Barrett ◽  
Tissa Rajapakse
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ethnic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Ethnic Entrepreneurs

Purpose – Ethnic entrepreneurship is, and always has been, a means of survival. However, there is limited literature on ethnic entrepreneurship in Australia and therefore, an understanding of ethnic entrepreneurs’ motivations to become self-employed. The purpose of this paper is to report the influential factors in the decision to engage in self-employment through case studies of members of Melbourne’s Sri Lankan community informed by the mixed embeddedness approach. Design/methodology/approach – The mixed embeddedness approach frames the study where the authors examine the motivations for business of five Sri Lankan entrepreneurs. Narratives are used to construct individual case studies, which are then analyzed in terms of the motivations for, resources used and challenges faced on the entrepreneurial journey. Findings – For these ethnic entrepreneurs, their entrepreneurial activity results from a dynamic match between local market opportunities and the specific ethnic resources available to them at the time of founding. The self-employment decision was not prompted by a lack of human capital but an inability to use that human capital in alternative means of employment at specific points in time. Moreover the authors highlight the importance of social and cultural capital as resources used to overcome challenges on the entrepreneurial journey. Originality/value – In this community, entrepreneurship was not a result of a lack of human capital but how it was utilized in combination with social and cultural capitals in the given opportunity structure. The mixed embeddedness approach enables the uncovering of how ethnic network ties were used in light of the opportunities available to build entrepreneurial activity.

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