Empirical investigation of wireless sensor network performance in noisy environments

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Silvanus Teneng Kiyang ◽  
Robert Van Zyl
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Noise ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Mathematical Tool ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Real ◽  
Test Platform ◽  
Set Up

Purpose – The purpose of this work is to assess the influence of ambient noise on the performance of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) empirically and, based on these findings, develop a mathematical tool to assist technicians to determine the maximum inter-node separation before deploying a new WSN. Design/methodology/approach – A WSN test platform is set up in an electromagnetically shielded environment (RF chamber) to accurately control and quantify the ambient noise level. The test platform is subsequently placed in an operational laboratory to record network performance in typical unshielded spaces. Results from the RF chamber and the real-life environments are analysed. Findings – A minimum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at which the network still functions was found to be of the order 30 dB. In the real-life scenarios (machines, telecommunications and computer laboratories), the measured SNR exceeded this minimum value by more than 20 dB. This is due to the low ambient industrial noise levels observed in the 2.4 GHz ISM band for typical environments found at academic institutions. It, therefore, suggests that WSNs are less prone to industrial interferences than anticipated. Originality/value – A predictive mathematical tool is developed that can be used by technicians to determine the maximum inter-node separation before the WSN is deployed. The tool yields reliable results and promises to save installation time.

Multi-material distribution planning for additive manufacturing of biomimetic structures

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erina Baynojir Joyee ◽  
Jida Huang ◽  
Ketki Mahadeo Lichade ◽  
Yayue Pan
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Material Distribution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Real ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Reference Images ◽  
Living Organisms

Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop a novel approach to designing locally programmed multi-material distribution in a three-dimensional (3D) model, with the goal of producing a biomimetic robot that could mimic the locomotion of living organisms. Design/methodology/approach A voxelized representation is used to design the multi-material digital model and the material distribution in the model is optimized with the aims of mimicking the deflection dynamics of a real-life biological structure (i.e. inchworms) during its locomotion and achieving smooth deflection between adjacent regions. The design is validated post-fabrication by comparing the bending profiles of the printed robot with the deflection reference images of the real-life organism. Findings The proposed design framework in this study provides a foundation for multi-material multi-functional design for biomimicry and a wide range of applications in the manufacturing field and many other fields such as robotics and biomedical fields. The final optimized material design was 3D printed using a novel multi-material additive manufacturing method, magnetic field-assisted projection stereolithography. From the experimental tests, it was observed that the deflection curve and the deflection gradient of the printed robot within the adjacent regions of the body agreed well with the profiles taken from the real-life inchworm. Originality/value This paper presents a voxelized digital representation of the material distribution in printed parts, allowing spatially varied programming of material properties. The incorporation of reference images from living organisms into the design approach is a novel approach to transform image domain knowledge into the domain of engineering mechanical and material properties. Furthermore, the novel multi-material distribution design approach was validated through designing, 3D printing and prototyping an inchworm-inspired soft robot, which showed superior locomotion capability by mimicking the observed locomotion of the real inchworm.

DSO tariff structures: development options from stakeholders’ viewpoint

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuli Honkapuro ◽  
Jussi Tuunanen ◽  
Petri Valtonen ◽  
Jarmo Partanen
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Real ◽  
Practical Development ◽  
Tariff Structures ◽  
Tariff Structure ◽  
Pricing Schemes ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to analyze the development needs and opportunities in the distribution system operators’ (DSO) tariff structures in the smart-grid environment. Design/methodology/approach – The impacts of the distribution pricing schemes for the stakeholders and their requirements for the tariff structures are evaluated by qualitative analyses. Furthermore, there is a case analysis concerning the practical development possibilities of the DSO tariff structures in Finland. Findings – Major finding of the paper is that the demand-based power band tariff is the optimal solution for the DSO pricing structure, when taking into account the real-life limitations and the requirements of the stakeholders. Practical implications – Outcomes of the paper can be applied in practice in design of the pricing schemes in the electricity distribution. Incentive provision impacts and cost reflectivity of the DSO tariffs can be improved by implementing the suggested pricing structure. Originality/value – The paper provides a novel viewpoint on the study of the DSO tariff design by considering the impacts of the pricing for the stakeholders and their requirements for tariff structure. Furthermore, the real-life limitations in the tariff design have been taken into account by analyzing the development options in Finland. Results are useful, especially for the DSOs, regulators and academics, who are working with the tariff development issues.

Market entry of a western company in the Middle East

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Rupert A. Brandmeier ◽  
Sebastian Hain ◽  
Florian Rupp
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Market Entry ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Intercultural Management ◽  
Set Up

Subject area Entry of a service sector company based in Europe into the Middle East market with focus on Saudi Arabia. Study level/applicability The students should have some familiarity with case studies and should be able to successfully solve easy cases. This case can be used in all courses of general economics and management. It is best suited for courses on market entries, risk management in international business, intercultural management or developing and emerging markets. Case overview Two market entry options are discussed: joint venture set-up with partner and independent direct investment without local partner. A tangible real life experience of the Middle East market will enhance the theoretical presentation and help students to gain practical solutions. Expected learning outcomes The students should be aware of risks and opportunities in the Middle East and Saudi Arabian markets for western companies from the service sector. He/She should be able to prioritize relevant economic data and simultaneously discuss several different options by dealing with complex situations. Supplementary materials Teaching note.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Study on Metaheuristics FADE Based Artificial Bee Colony Optimization Algorithm to Improve Performance of Wireless Networks

2020 ◽  
pp. 236-243
Author(s):  
Virendra Tiwari ◽  
Akhilesh A. Waoo
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Artificial Bee Colony Optimization ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Adaptive Differential Evolution ◽  
New Variant ◽  
Bee Colony Optimization

Over the last few years, it is been experienced wireless sensor networks technologies are grabbing huge attention in almost every aspect of human lives due to its vast coverage in real-life applications. It has emerged as one of the important and very promising technologies with lots of potential from every section due to its importance in wireless information transmission. WSNs due to their useful characteristics are being considered vulnerable to several possible security attacks which may affect the performance of the system. Among these issues, most challenging issues such as sinkhole which is considered as the most dangerous attack in WSN to reduce network performance. It prevents the base station in the process of gathering complete and unmodified data from its source. This work inspired by the integration of FADE and ABC presents a new variant of the metaheuristics fuzzy adaptive differential evolution based optimization algorithm to improve the performance of a wireless sensor network.

scholarly journals Accurate detection of selective forwarding attack in wireless sensor networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 155014771882400
Author(s):  
Qiong Zhang ◽  
Wenzheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Attack Detection ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Wireless Devices ◽  
Selective Forwarding

Selective forwarding attack in wireless sensor networks shows great impact on network performance and consumes limited energy resource. In previous countermeasures, it is assumed that all nodes in the communication range can detect misbehaviors of the attacker. However, as wireless devices require certain signal-to-noise ratio to receive frames correctly, and interference among nodes is inevitable in densely deployed wireless sensor networks, it is very difficult for previous approaches to detect misbehaviors accurately. In this article, a scheme named E-watchdog is proposed to improve accuracy of selective forwarding attack detection. Detection agents that are closer to the attacker are used to detect misbehaviors, which can improve the detection accuracy and reduce the false alarm rate effectively. Moreover, to prevent collaborative selective forwarding attack, E-watchdog uses reports from more than one detection agents. Fake reports from attackers are filtered out through an election algorithm. Simulation results show that the E-watchdog reduces the false detection rate by 25% and improves the detection accuracy by 10% on the premise of increasing negligible energy consumption.

Collaboration during times of crisis

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 147-149
Author(s):  
Anant Patel
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Business Leader ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Real ◽  
Difficult Times

Purpose During difficult times, it is crucial that organizations can communicate and collaborate to maintain an effective workforce. The purpose of this paper is to share the real-life, practical experience of a business leader in how to successfully collaborate and succeed during times of crisis. Design/methodology/approach The insights are gathered from real-world experience of the author in his position at his company. Findings This paper finds that we have seen some fantastic examples of collaboration amid the crisis landscape we are in, but we can only get to this point through ideation, innovation and collaboration. These three key areas, coupled with kindness and consideration for others, is what will ensure we all emerge from this storm united. Originality/value It is taken from the original experience and viewpoints of the author.

scholarly journals Optimal inductor design for nanofluid heating characterisation

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1870-1892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Bertani ◽  
Flavio Ceretta ◽  
Paolo Di Barba ◽  
Fabrizio Dughiero ◽  
Michele Forzan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Uniform Magnetic Field ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Evolutionary Computing ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Magnetic Fluid Hyperthermia ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Laboratory Prototype

Purpose – Magnetic fluid hyperthermia experiment requires a uniform magnetic field in order to control the heating rate of a magnetic nanoparticle fluid for laboratory tests. The automated optimal design of a real-life device able to generate a uniform magnetic field suitable to heat cells in a Petri dish is presented. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The inductor for tests has been designed using finite element analysis and evolutionary computing coupled to design of experiments technique in order to take into account sensitivity of solutions. Findings – The geometry of the inductor has been designed and a laboratory prototype has been built. Results of preliminary tests, using a previously synthesized and characterized magneto fluid, are presented. Originality/value – Design of experiment approach combined with evolutionary computing has been used to compute the solution sensitivity and approximate a 3D Pareto front. The designed inductor has been tested in an experimental set-up.

Conflict analysis model and application based on intuitionistic fuzzy number

Kybernetes ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 1040-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Liu ◽  
Yi Lin ◽  
Jian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Fuzzy Number ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Conflict Analysis ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy Number ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Real ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to establish a novel conflict analysis model so that it can well describe and deal with the real conflict problems. Design/methodology/approach – In order to overcome the shortcomings that the agents have only three attitudes with respect to the conflict issues in Pawlak conflict information system, so that it is too stiff to describe and portray the real conflict problems, the thought and methodology of the intuitionistic fuzzy set is employed to soften the agents’ attitudes of the conflict issues, and then a novel conflict analysis model is constructed. This method, to begin with, the intuitionistic fuzzy number is used to express the opposition and support degree with respect to the conflict issues from agents, and then the similarity measure method is utilized to define conflict coefficient; what is more, the conflict degrees between any two agents can be obtained, and then the alliances are determined by setting different threshold values. Finally, an example illustrates the validity and rationality of the proposed method. Findings – The novel conflict analysis model proposed in the paper can well describe and resolve a real-life conflict problems such as the conflict of national territory, employee and employer. Research limitations/implications – The proposed model can only do with the conflict problems in which there do not exit the correlations among conflict issues, while it does not cope with the conflict problems with the mutually interrelated conflict issues. Originality/value – The paper succeeds in softening the Pawlak conflict analysis information system, and describing and dealing with the actual conflict problems.

scholarly journals Investigating established EEG parameter during real-world driving

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janna Protzak ◽  
Klaus Gramann
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Real World ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Brain Dynamics ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Driving Scenario ◽  
Binary Choices ◽  
Set Up

AbstractIn real life, behavior is influenced by dynamically changing contextual factors and is rarely limited to simple tasks and binary choices. For a meaningful interpretation of brain dynamics underlying more natural cognitive processing in active humans, ecologically valid test scenarios are essential. To understand whether brain dynamics in restricted artificial lab settings reflect the neural activity in complex natural environments, we systematically tested the eventrelated P300 in both settings. We developed an integrative approach comprising an initial P300-study in a highly controlled laboratory set-up and a subsequent validation within a realistic driving scenario. Using a simulated dialog with a speech-based input system, increased P300 amplitudes reflected processing of infrequent and incorrect auditory feedback events in both the laboratory setting and the real world setup. Environmental noise and movement-related activity in the car driving scenario led to higher data rejection rates but revealed no effect on signal-to-noise ratio in theta and alpha frequency band or the amplitudes of the event-related P300. Our results demonstrate the possibility to investigate cognitive functions like context updating in highly adverse driving scenarios and encourage the consideration of more realistic task settings in prospective brain imaging approaches.

Towards an understanding of real-time continuous feedback from simulation games

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathews Nkhoma ◽  
Jaime Calbeto ◽  
Narumon Sriratanaviriyakul ◽  
Thu Muang ◽  
Quyen Ha Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Classroom Environment ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Simulation Game ◽  
Simulation Games ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Real ◽  
Continuous Feedback

Purpose – Simulation games have long been used as a teaching tool in the classroom environment mainly due to the high level of participation and engagement that students are able to generate from these, making the learning process more enjoyable and capable to replicate real-life scenarios. Feedback given during the simulation helps to motivate students to find better solutions to the problems being presented in the games and thus enhance their hands-on knowledge on particular subjects. The purpose of this research is to provide empirical evidence of interrelations and impacts that exist between real-time continuous feedback and simulation game performance as well as the interrelations and impacts that exist between real-time continuous feedback and both students' attitude and engagement towards learning. Design/methodology/approach – The research focused on 60 undergraduate students enrolled at the Centre of Commerce at RMIT University Vietnam who had taken at least three semesters at various programmes. For test purposes, the research employed a 3D IBM business process management (BPM) simulation game, INNOV8 developed by the IBM Academic Initiative (more information about the game is available at: www-01.ibm.com/software/solutions/soa/innov8/index.html). A web-based survey followed at the university grounds for the collection of data. Findings – Students showed a favourable attitude towards learning through the simulation game. In addition, the real-time continuous feedback given during the simulation game had a positive impact on the students' cognitive learning outcomes. Research limitations/implications – The sample size used was relatively small with 60 participants, most unfamiliar with the theories of BPM. Originality/value – The originality of this research stems from the real-time and continuous nature of the feedback being given to students during the gameplay of a computer-based simulation game, and how this type of feedback could positively impact the students' learning outcomes.

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