scholarly journals Determinants of innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (47) ◽  
pp. 97-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Aníbal Restrepo-Morales ◽  
Osmar Leandro Loaiza ◽  
Juan Gabriel Vanegas
Keyword(s):  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
Measure Of Performance ◽  
Miles And Snow

Purpose This paper aims to study the influence of innovation on micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSME) performance in Colombia through the 403 MSMES survey analysis. In particular, this paper measures the effect of participation in R&D alliances, product innovation and process innovation on it. Design/methodology/approach MSME performance is measured through a composite index, estimated through principal components analysis using polychoric correlations, which is based on eight self-reported assessments of MSME performance. Then, this measure of performance is related to MSME participation in R&D alliances and the product and process development stance of the MSME based on an adaptation of the Miles and Snow business classification scheme, by means of an ANOVA and a linear regression. Findings Colombian SMEs are not significantly benefitted from participation on R&D alliances. Instead, their performance appears to be dependent upon their internal innovation efforts directed to product development. Moreover, the results suggest that imitators get a performance almost as high as innovators. Originality/value Innovation activities in Colombian SMEs are carried out informally, as they are mostly uninterested to engage in R&D activities and to develop new products by own initiative. Moreover, few of them have an R&D department. In regard to technology, results suggest that almost half of SMEs are classified as followers, namely, they use the same technology as competitors.

A framework for design methods, models and techniques for product and process development

2019 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Scarlette Sanhueza ◽  
Christopher Nikulin
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
Method Model ◽  
Available Resources

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to address the emerging need to map knowledge and information with a novel classification, suitable to have a clear and integrated overview of the design method, models and techniques from both the sides of product and process. The proposed classification allows to understand main relevance of different design methods, models and techniques according their characteristic and also level in where company usually applied. Design/methodology/approach The authors decided to structure the research into three steps: from the analysis of background literature, in order to draw the main evidences for the development of a novel classification, to their application. First, the papers search related to collect the different methods used in literature. Second, paper characterization which aims to understand main traits and usefulness of design methods, models and tools. Third, the assessment of design methods, models and tools according proposed classification. Findings Each method, model or technique would be more useful according to the context in which is applied. Most of methods and modes can be continuously improving, considering different sub-classification or complement each other, striving to compensate to the extent possible for weakness in any one of the approaches. Research limitations/implications The proposed classification did not deliver absolute results in every analyzed model or techniques, it delivered a wide range of possibilities in every sub-classification, thus the engineers get multiple options to choose depending on its main goal or the available resources. Originality/value The author’s proposal aims at filling a classification gap in the design method literature, which has to plausible in use. The different alternatives can be represented according to a scalable and hierarchical logic embedding also a more structured evaluation of the methods and tools in practice.

Automakers will rev up electric vehicle output

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Process Development ◽  
New Product ◽  
The United States ◽  
Product Lines ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Manufacturing Plants ◽  
Product And Process

Significance This is pushing up prices, and accelerating changes in product lines, corporate structures and supply chains. Meanwhile, major vehicle and parts manufacturers are investing heavily in new product and process development to focus on electric vehicles (EVs) and meet targets for future carbon emission reductions. Impacts Parts shortages and higher costs are prompting automakers to prioritise higher-margin models in order to capitalise on pricing leverage. The demise of traditional auto manufacturing will threaten jobs, lead to factory closures and make EV output a polarising political issue. US-China tensions will plague EV output: China has 25 times more large battery manufacturing plants than the United States. As demand for low-skilled roles falls and demand for high-skilled roles such as automation specialists rises, re-skilling will be key.

Fostering technological innovation through management and marketing innovation. The human and non-technological linkage

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Alexander Henao-García ◽  
Raúl Armando Cardona Montoya
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Management Innovation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Marketing Innovation ◽  
Process Innovations ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
Human Side

PurposeThis paper aims to analyse the relationships between management innovation, marketing innovation, technological innovation and the personnel involved in science, technology and innovation activities.Design/methodology/approachThe work used data from the Technological Development and Innovation Survey – Colombian Industry VII 2013–2014. Six logistic regression models are tested for the analysis with 2,045 manufacturing firms.FindingsThe results suggest that the probability to pursue technological innovation diminishes in those firms that introduce management and/or marketing innovations. The same happens in firms seeking non-technological innovations with the introduction of product and process innovations. The human side, administrative and technical staff, working on innovation projects plays a key role in the success of different types of innovations.Originality/valueAt this time, there is a need for research studies with new approaches that look at innovation beyond the technological domain and focus on the human side of innovation and other important aspects such as the managerial contribution to innovation. Theoretically, the work contributes to expanding the scarce literature on the proposed relationship and, as far as is known, it is the only one with empirical data for an emerging economy such as the Colombian one. Empirically, useful information is provided for the design of strategies that seek to improve firms' innovation performance.

scholarly journals Options trading strategy based on ARIMA forecasting

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-127
Author(s):  
Pierre Rostan ◽  
Alexandra Rostan ◽  
Mohammad Nurunnabi
Keyword(s):  
Composite Index ◽  
Garch Model ◽  
Trading Strategy ◽  
Credit Crisis ◽  
Strike Price ◽  
Index Options ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Option Trading ◽  
Auto Regressive ◽  
Options Trading

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to illustrate a profitable and original index options trading strategy. Design/methodology/approach The methodology is based on auto regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) forecasting of the S&P 500 index and the strategy is tested on a large database of S&P 500 Composite index options and benchmarked to the generalized auto regressive conditional heteroscedastic (GARCH) model. The forecasts validate a set of criteria as follows: the first criterion checks if the forecasted index is greater or lower than the option strike price and the second criterion if the option premium is underpriced or overpriced. A buy or sell and hold strategy is finally implemented. Findings The paper demonstrates the valuable contribution of this option trading strategy when trading call and put index options. It especially demonstrates that the ARIMA forecasting method is a valid method for forecasting the S&P 500 Composite index and is superior to the GARCH model in the context of an application to index options trading. Originality/value The strategy was applied in the aftermath of the 2008 credit crisis over 60 months when the volatility index (VIX) was experiencing a downtrend. The strategy was successful with puts and calls traded on the USA market. The strategy may have a different outcome in a different economic and regional context.

Gender gap in innovation: an institutionalist explanation

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 410-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Gender Segregation ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Innovative Behaviour ◽  
And Gender

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to contribute to knowledge on innovation from a gender perspective, and to investigate how environment affects the process of innovation by women. Design/methodology/approach – The empirical study uses a Structural Equations Model of a Partial Least Squared (PLS) technique. Data of 40 countries from around the world were collected from 2008. Findings – Institutional environment matters for innovative activity by women. An innovative thinking is required for integrating the gender perspective in innovative milieus in order to enrich, diversify and promote stronger innovation activities, mobilising unexploited opportunities for managers in the business sector, and for policy makers in the public one. Research limitations/implications – A new sex-disaggregated dataset will allow us to enlarge and improve upon this study. A longitudinal study would be extremely useful, but for the moment, there are no available data of this kind. Practical implications – Policies designed to reduce the gap for women in innovation activities have to fight against gender segregation in the job market and gender differences in education and training. They must increase flexibility in the workplace, provide more help to conciliate family and working lives, and reduce the gap in family responsibilities taken on by women. Originality/value – This paper contributes to the cross-over of knowledge between innovation and gender, and reduces the lack of information on how external factors may impact innovative behaviour by gender.

Effects of open innovation breadth on industrial innovation input–output relationships

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Germán Frank ◽  
Guilherme Brittes Benitez ◽  
Mateus Ferreira Lima ◽  
João Augusto Bonzanini Bernardi
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Transaction Cost Economics ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Industrial Innovation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeOpen innovation breadth (OIB) considers the diversity of external collaboration partners for innovation. The authors investigate the moderating effect of OIB on the relationship between industrial innovation activities (innovation inputs) and industrial innovation results (innovation outputs).Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on secondary data from the Brazilian innovation survey, representing more than 30,000 innovative companies across 55 industrial sectors.FindingsThis study’s results show that OIB has different moderating effects regarding the several innovation input–output relationships. While OIB benefits some relationships, others are hampered by the diversity of collaboration partners.Originality/valueFew studies have addressed OIB at the macro level. Using the perspective of transaction cost economics (TCE), the authors discuss the contributions and limitations of OIB at the industry level.

Revealing the importance of international and domestic cooperation by using artificial neural networks: case of European radical and incremental innovators

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Prokop ◽  
Jan Stejskal ◽  
Beata Mikusova Merickova ◽  
Samuel Amponsah Odei
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Artificial Neural Networks ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Incremental Innovation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Design Activities ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
The One ◽  
Innovation Processes

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to introduce innovative ideas into the treatment of the radical and incremental innovations and to fill the research gap by using: (1) methods that can perform complicated tasks and solve complex problems leading in creation of radical and incremental innovation and (2) a broad sample of firms across countries. The authors’ ambition is to contribute to the scientific knowledge by producing evidence about the novel usage of artificial neural network techniques for measuring European firms' innovation activities appearing in black boxes of innovation processes.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, the authors incorporate an international context into Chesbrough's open innovation (OI) theory and, on the one hand, support the hypothesis that European radical innovators benefit more from foreign cooperation than incremental innovators. On the other hand, the results of the analyses show that European incremental innovators rely on domestic cooperation supported by cooperation with foreign public research institutes. Moreover, the use of decision trees (DT) allows the authors to reveal specific patterns of successful innovators emerging within the hidden layers of neural networks.FindingsThe authors prove that radical European innovators using either internal or external R&D strategies, while the combinations of these strategies do not bring successful innovation outputs. In contrast, European incremental innovators benefit from various internal R&D processes in which engagement in design activities plays a crucial role.Originality/valueThe authors introduce innovative ideas into the treatment of hidden innovation processes and measuring the innovation performance (affected by domestic or international cooperation) of European firms. The approach places emphasis on the novelty of innovation and the issue of international cooperation in the era of OI by designing the framework using a combination of artificial neural networks and DT.

She-E-Os and innovation: do female CEOs influence firm innovation?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Mustansar Javaid ◽  
Qurat Ul Ain ◽  
Antonio Renzi
Keyword(s):  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
Corporate Environment ◽  
Firm Innovation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Female Ceos ◽  
Innovation Output ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis paper empirically investigates whether female CEOs (She-E-Os) have an effect on firm innovation among Chinese listed firms based on patent data. This study also delved further by looking at whether the internal corporate environment moderates the effect of female CEOs on innovation, that is, state ownership. Finally, this study investigates an additional test of financial constraints to examine whether financial constraints also moderate the impact of female CEOs on firm innovation.Design/methodology/approachThis study used the data of all A-share listed companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges for the period from 2008 to 2017. The authors use ordinary least squares regression as a baseline methodology, along with firm-fixed effect, lagged measure of female CEOs, alternative measures of innovation, Heckman two-step model and negative binomial regression to check and control the possible issue of endogeneity.FindingsThe authors’ findings show that CEO gender plays an important role in producing higher levels of innovation output by improving the governance structure. However, female CEOs have no effect on state-owned enterprises' (SOEs) innovation activities, which suggests that the main goal of SOEs is achieving sociopolitical objectives. Furthermore, female CEOs' influence on innovation output is weaker in firms with financial constraints.Social implicationsThis study adds to the emerging global discussion on gender diversity. Many legislative bodies require a quota for women on corporate boards due to gender inequality. This study's findings reinforce such guidelines by emphasizing the economic benefits of including women in top management positions.Originality/valueThis study provides new insights by highlighting the role of female CEOs in increasing firms' innovation activities. Additionally, this study provides evidence on whether the internal corporate environment (state ownership and financial constraints) moderates female CEOs' effect on innovation.

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