Modeling and optimization of road transport facility operations

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy H.F. Chow ◽  
Ying Li
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Mathematical Framework ◽  
Global Optimality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transport Facility ◽  
Traffic Theory

Purpose – This paper aims to present a linear mathematical framework for modeling and optimizing road transport infrastructure. The framework assesses and optimizes performance of existing transport facility rather than relying on building new roads for the ever-increasing travel demand. Design/methodology/approach – The mathematical framework is built upon a traffic model called Cell Transmission Model (CTM). CTM describes the relationship and evolution of traffic flow and concentration over space and time. The model is parsimonious and accurate in predicting traffic dynamics. More importantly, the traffic flow model is piecewise linear with which the corresponding transport facility optimization problem can be formulated as a Linear Programming (LP) problem and solved by established solution algorithm for global optimality. Findings – We select a section on England Motorway M25 as a case study. With traffic data, we first calibrate the CTM, and we are able to produce traffic estimation with a reasonable error rate of 12 per cent. The corresponding LP then seeks an optimal ramp metering strategy that minimizes the delay on the motorway. It is shown that an optimal and practical strategy can be derived which reduces the motorway delay by 10 per cent without significantly hurting the surrounding connectors. Originality/value – Instead of the tedious microscopic models used by many traditional tools, the underlying CTM is parsimonious and reliable. The tools developed herein are based upon plausible traffic theory and will be accessible for a wide range of users. The LP formulation can be easily implemented and solved for optimal and practical control strategies for real-world transport networks by using existing computer software (CPLEX) within reasonable computational time. The present work will certainly contribute to the sustainable development of transport facility.

EU offers fair dealing in its 'Belt and Road' response

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fair Trade ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fair Dealing ◽  
Digital Network ◽  
Transport Connectivity ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Eu

Subject The EU's answer to Belt and Road. Significance A strategy paper called 'Connecting Europe and Asia' is the most detailed exposition to date of the EU's emerging approach towards China's Belt and Road transport infrastructure initiative. It envisages investment in land, sea and air routes, and improved digital network connections, all founded on fair trade, EU market rules and new partnerships with Asian countries. Impacts The EU strategy may encourage states in Eastern Europe to avoid over-reliance on China. In landlocked Central Asia, there is little the EU can offer that outweighs the transport connectivity opportunities offered by China. Russia's response will be important: it may find EU initiatives more attractive than expanding Chinese economic influence.

A state-wise performance appraisal of the Indian roads using PROMETHEE-GIS approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 3338-3356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shankar Chakraborty ◽  
Rajeev Ranjan ◽  
Poulomi Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Performance Appraisal ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
The State ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Preference Ranking ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Road

Purpose A road network provides arterial arrangement to facilitate business, transport, social integration and economic progress of any nation. During the last seven decades after independence, road transport infrastructure in India has expanded manifold, both in terms of spread (total length and density of road) and capacity (number of on-road registered vehicles, and volume of passenger and freight traffic handled). But, with the enrichment of road transport network in India, the number of traffic accidents and total cost for maintaining the road infrastructure also keeps on increasing. It becomes necessary to evaluate state-wise performance of the Indian roads using some mathematical tools. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, using preference ranking organization method for enrichment of evaluations (PROMETHEE) and geometrical analysis for interactive aid (GAIA) approaches, an attempt is made to appraise the state-wise performance of Indian roads based on 12 critically important criteria. A geographic information system method and a hue-saturation-value color coding scheme are also employed to identify the influence of individual criterion on the overall rank of 29 Indian states. Findings It is observed that amongst all the considered states, the road conditions in the states of Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh are really satisfactory, whereas Bihar and Uttar Pradesh are the lagging states requiring governmental intervention and support to enhance their road network infrastructure. Practical implications This analysis would help the decision makers to identify the strengths and deficiencies of each Indian state with respect to its road conditions so that proper promotional and growth actions can be implemented. Originality/value From the review of the existing literature, it is quite evident that till date, no research work has been conducted in order to evaluate the performance of roads, and their conditions and characteristic features in the Indian context. In this paper, the state-wise performance of the Indian roads is appraised based on several identified parameters using a combined PROMETHEE-GAIA approach.

scholarly journals Transport modeling in the development of a complex transport scheme on the example of the city of Kyiv (Ukraine)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2(59)) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Oleksandra Humeniuk ◽  
Oleksij Shapovalov
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Modeling ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
The City

The object of research is a complex transport scheme using the example of the city of Kyiv (Ukraine). The comprehensive transport scheme of the city of Kyiv provides for a variant design of the city’s transport system. In transport planning and design, for a qualitative assessment of planning decisions, predictive transport models of cities are most often used, which describe the macroscopic parameters of the traffic flow. The proposed options were tested on a transport model. The main task of this model is the modeling of transport correspondence, where the volume of traffic by public transport is about 80-90 % of the total volume of traffic. For this, a model was developed, with the help of which the level of loading of the main network, the volume of transport work, and the total number of passengers carried by public transport were analyzed. When choosing the optimal option, let’s took into account such parameters as the average speed of the traffic flow, general transport delays, and the total number of passengers transported by public transport. As well as the average distance of travel, the average time for the implementation of transport correspondence on public transport, the cost of unproductive loss of time by residents of the city, and so on. Based on the results of transport modeling, the optimal option for the development of the city’s transport system was selected, which provides for the completion of the construction of existing road transport infrastructure facilities, the construction and development of the backbone network, systems outside the street rail transport, and optimization of the public transport route network. The complex transport scheme of the city of Kyiv, which was created using modern technologies in the field of transport modeling, allows to analyze and determine the effectiveness of the implementation of various measures for the development of the city’s transport infrastructure. Transport modeling has shown the feasibility of providing initial data for the feasibility study of investment projects, the arrangement of road transport infrastructure facilities, the improvement of traffic management schemes, the arrangement of new public transport routes.

Light Railways as the Basic for Transport Infrastructure Development in Northern Territories of Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
P.I. Tarasov
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Northern Territories ◽  
Mode Of Transport

Research objective: studies of economic and transport infrastructure development in the Arctic and Northern Territories of Russia. Research methodology: analysis of transport infrastructure in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and the types of railways used in Russia. Results: economic development of any region is proportional to the development of the road transport infrastructure and logistics. When a conventional railway is operated in the Arctic conditions, it is not always possible to maintain a cargo turnover that would ensure its efficient use, and transshipment from one mode of transport to another is very problematic. A new type of railway is proposed, i.e. a light railway. Conclusions: the proposed new type of transport offers all the main advantages of narrow gauge railroads (high speed of construction, efficiency, etc.) and helps to eliminate their main disadvantage, i.e. the need for transloading when moving from a narrow gauge to the conventional one with the width of 1520 mm, along with a significant reduction in capital costs.

scholarly journals An Eco-Friendly Multimodal Route Guidance System for Urban Areas Using Multi-Agent Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2057
Author(s):  
Abdallah Namoun ◽  
Ali Tufail ◽  
Nikolay Mehandjiev ◽  
Ahmed Alrehaili ◽  
Javad Akhlaghinia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Guidance System ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Flow Density ◽  
Route Guidance ◽  
Agent Based

The use and coordination of multiple modes of travel efficiently, although beneficial, remains an overarching challenge for urban cities. This paper implements a distributed architecture of an eco-friendly transport guidance system by employing the agent-based paradigm. The paradigm uses software agents to model and represent the complex transport infrastructure of urban environments, including roads, buses, trolleybuses, metros, trams, bicycles, and walking. The system exploits live traffic data (e.g., traffic flow, density, and CO2 emissions) collected from multiple data sources (e.g., road sensors and SCOOT) to provide multimodal route recommendations for travelers through a dedicated application. Moreover, the proposed system empowers the transport management authorities to monitor the traffic flow and conditions of a city in real-time through a dedicated web visualization. We exhibit the advantages of using different types of agents to represent the versatile nature of transport networks and realize the concept of smart transportation. Commuters are supplied with multimodal routes that endeavor to reduce travel times and transport carbon footprint. A technical simulation was executed using various parameters to demonstrate the scalability of our multimodal traffic management architecture. Subsequently, two real user trials were carried out in Nottingham (United Kingdom) and Sofia (Bulgaria) to show the practicality and ease of use of our multimodal travel information system in providing eco-friendly route guidance. Our validation results demonstrate the effectiveness of personalized multimodal route guidance in inducing a positive travel behavior change and the ability of the agent-based route planning system to scale to satisfy the requirements of traffic infrastructure in diverse urban environments.

A nonlinear magnetic circuit model for periodic eddy current problems using T,ϕ-ϕ formulation

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rene Plasser ◽  
Gergely Koczka ◽  
Oszkár Bíró
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Current ◽  
Magnetic Circuit ◽  
Iteration Process ◽  
Equation System ◽  
Circuit Model ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
3D Fem ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transformer Model

Purpose A transformer model is used as a benchmark for testing various methods to solve 3D nonlinear periodic eddy current problems. This paper aims to set up a nonlinear magnetic circuit problem to assess the solving procedure of the nonlinear equation system for determining the influence of various special techniques on the convergence of nonlinear iterations and hence the computational time. Design/methodology/approach Using the T,ϕ-ϕ formulation and the harmonic balance fixed-point approach, two techniques are investigated: the so-called “separate method” and the “combined method” for solving the equation system. When using the finite element method (FEM), the elapsed time for solving a problem is dominated by the conjugate gradient (CG) iteration process. The motivation for treating the equations of the voltage excitations separately from the rest of the equation system is to achieve a better-conditioned matrix system to determine the field quantities and hence a faster convergence of the CG process. Findings In fact, both methods are suitable for nonlinear computation, and for comparing the final results, the methods are equally good. Applying the combined method, the number of iterations to be executed to achieve a meaningful result is considerably less than using the separated method. Originality/value To facilitate a quick analysis, a simplified magnetic circuit model of the 3D problem was generated to assess how the different ways of solutions will affect the full 3D solving process. This investigation of a simple magnetic circuit problem to evaluate the benefits of computational methods provides the basis for considering this formulation in a 3D-FEM code for further investigation.

Efficient evaluation of the earth return mutual impedance of overhead conductors over a horizontally multilayered soil

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 1379-1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-bok Lee ◽  
Jun Zou ◽  
Benliang Li ◽  
Munno Ju
Keyword(s):  
Unit Length ◽  
Oscillatory Integral ◽  
Electromagnetic Transients ◽  
Closed Form Expression ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Horizontal Distance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mutual Impedance ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Highly Oscillatory

Purpose – The per-unit-length earth return mutual impedance of the overhead conductors plays an important role for analyzing electromagnetic transients or couplings of multi-conductor systems. It is impossible to have a closed-form expression to evaluate this kind of impedance. The purpose of this paper is to propose an efficient numerical approach to evaluate the earth return mutual impedance of the overhead conductors above horizontally multi-layered soils. Design/methodology/approach – The expression of the earth return mutual impedance, which contains a complex highly oscillatory semi-infinite integral, is divided into two parts intentionally, i.e. the definite and the tail integral, respectively. The definite integral is calculated using the proposed moment functions after fitting the integrand into the piecewise cubic spline functions, and the tail integral is replaced by exponential integrals with newly developed asymptotic integrands. Findings – The numerical examples show the proposed approach has a satisfactory accuracy for different parameter combinations. Compared to the direct quadrature approach, the computational time of the proposed approach is very competitive, especially, for the large horizontal distance and the low height of the conductors. Originality/value – The advantage of the proposed approach is that the calculation of the highly oscillatory integral is completely avoided due to the fact that the moment function can be evaluated analytically. The contribution of the tail integral is well included by means of the exponential integral, though in an asymptotic way. The proposed approach is completely general, and can be applied to calculate the earth return mutual impedance of overhead conductors above a soil structure with an arbitrary number of horizontal layers.

scholarly journals Problems of transporting heavy containers by road transport in Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Boris Sergeevich Petrov ◽  
Alexander Valentinovich Galin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Correct Choice ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Maximum Mass ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Axle Loads ◽  
Freight Vehicles

The article considers the problem of heavy cargo transporting as an integral part of functioning of industry in the country. The transportation of such types of cargo is regulated by the legislation related to the national transport infrastructure. There have been considered the ways of transporting heavy sea containers by road transport in the Russian Federation. Definitions of the divisible and indivisible cargo, the maximum mass of the road train have been given, the indicators of the maximum permissible mass of the vehicle and the axle load on the roads of Russia, approved by legislative acts of the Russian Federation, have been presented. The issues of the correct choice of freight vehicles and compliance with the rules for transportation of heavy cargo, in particular compliance with the permissible total weight and axle loads, have been considered. There has been proposed the method for calculating axle loads and the solution to the problem of redistributing axle loads by moving the seat of the towing vehicle, transporting a heavy sea container by train being used as the example. The obtained values make it possible to estimate the possibility of carrying heavy cargo without violating standards approved by the legislation of Russia

scholarly journals The Prediction of Stakeholder participation in Project Execution on Completion of Urban Roads Transport Infrastructure Projects in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Johnson Matu ◽  
Dorothy Ndunge Kyalo ◽  
John Mbugua ◽  
Angeline Sabina Mulwa
Keyword(s):  
Stakeholder Engagement ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Stakeholder Participation ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
Road Projects

This paper examines the influence of stakeholder participation in project execution on completion of road projects implemented by Kenya Urban Roads Authority. Descriptive research survey design was used for collection of both quantitative and qualitative data. Analysis was performed using correlation and regression analysis. The results were r = 0.796, R2 = 0.634, F (4, 209) = 90.503 and p<0.000<0.05. The findings revealed that stakeholder participation in project execution showed a strong, positive and statistically significant relationship with completion of urban road transport infrastructure projects and accounted for 63.4% of total variation in such projects. The study recommends government agencies should endeavour should work together during project implementation to ensure that service lines and acquisition of land is done ahead of time to avoid delay in completion. This will aim at ensuring quality work is achieved by both the client and the consultant through a collaborative stakeholder engagement. In conclusion, the findings of this study will shape the future of road construction and stakeholder engagement in road construction projects.

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