Cross market price support and agricultural development

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie J. Verteramo Chiu ◽  
Calum G. Turvey
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Futures Market ◽  
Insurance Premium ◽  
Relative Price ◽  
Price Support ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Price Insurance ◽  
Agricultural Price

Purpose – This paper aims to develop a market-driven mechanism for commodity price insurance in developing countries lacking access to futures markets or other forms of hedging products. Design/methodology/approach – The model incorporates futures, exchange rate and local basis risk under the Black-Scholes framework to develop quanto (quantity adjusting option). When the domestic price of a commodity in a developing country is strongly correlated to the price in a futures market, price support premiums can be estimated. The authors use daily corn futures prices, exchange rate MXP/USD, and prices of corn and sorghum at several locations in Mexico. Findings – The authors calculated the price insurance premium at various local markets in Mexico for corn and sorghum. The results are consistent with those for the USA, showing that relative price premiums are similar. Research limitations/implications – The results provide a benchmark to estimate the net welfare effects of government programs for agricultural price support. Practical implications – The model shows that privately provided agricultural price insurance is feasible under certain conditions for developing countries without an established futures market. Originality/value – This paper provides market-based agricultural options in Mexico which contributes to the existing government price support program.

Crop price insurance in China: pricing and hedging using futures market

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghua Ye ◽  
Rongming Wang ◽  
Guozhu Tuo ◽  
Tongjiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Market Price ◽  
Futures Market ◽  
Insurance Premium ◽  
Spot Price ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Price Series ◽  
Insurance Firms ◽  
Price Insurance ◽  
S Model

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how crop price insurance premium can be calculated using an option pricing model and how insurers can transfer underwriting risks in the futures market. Design/methodology/approach Based on data from spot and futures market in China, this paper develops an improved B-S model for the calculation of crop price insurance premium and tests the possibility of hedging underwriting risks by insurance firms in the futures market. Findings The authors find that spot price of crops in China can be estimated with agricultural commodity futures prices, and can be taken as the insured price for crop price insurance. The authors also find that improved B-S model yields better estimation of crop price insurance premium than traditional B-S model when spot price does not follow geometric Brownian motion. Finally, the authors find that hedging can be one good alternative for insurance firms to manage underwriting risks. Originality/value This paper develops an improved B-S model that is data-driven in nature. Insured price of the crop price insurance, or the exercise price used in the B-S model, is estimated from a co-integration model built on spot and futures market price series. Meanwhile, distributional patterns of spot price series, one important factor determining the applicability of B-S model, is factored into the improved B-S model so that the latter is more robust and friendly to data with varied distributions. This paper also verifies the possibility of hedging of underwriting risks by insurance firms in the futures market.

scholarly journals Reliability of Pakistani Agricultural Price Data

1973 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-180
Author(s):  
Sarfraz Khan Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Relative Price ◽  
Modern Sector ◽  
Relative Prices ◽  
Price Data ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Agricultural Price ◽  
Distribution Of Income ◽  
Basic Price

Prices have important allocational and distributional implications in a market economy. This is equally true for the prices of agricultural commo¬dities in developing countries. In their decision to allocate land among different crops, farmers in developing countries have been found to be quite sensitive to changes in relative prices [1]. Also relative prices between the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors are considered to be important determining factors in the sectoral distribution of income and the development of the modern sector [2]. In Pakistan, a number of empirical studies have been carried out to explain the pattern of growth in the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors with the help of changes in relative price movements among different agri¬cultural crops, or among manufactured consumption and capital goods, or between agricultural and manufactured goods [3,4,5,6]. The validity of the results derived from these studies would depend greatly on the reliability of the basic price data. Thus it is important that an attempt be made to judge the reliability of the agricultural price data.

FDI inflow and financial channels: international evidence before and after crises

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma Izadi ◽  
Mamunur Rashid ◽  
Parviz Izadi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sharpe Ratio ◽  
Financial Openness ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Market Capitalization ◽  
Before And After

Purpose Extending on the resource-seeking foreign direct investment (FDI) hypothesis, this paper aims to uncover the potential relationship between financial and non-financial channels and inward FDI before and after the global financial crisis. Design/methodology/approach The sample includes 561 year-country observations on 33 developed and developing countries during 2001 and 2017. This study investigates several determinants such as inflation, gross domestic product growth, exchange rate, trade openness, financial openness, Sharpe ratio and country market capitalization, using ordinary least squares, fixed effects and system generalized method of moments. Findings The results indicate a negative relationship between inflation and financial openness with FDI inflow while market capitalization and exchange rate were positively connected to FDI inflow. All three financial channels of FDI inflow: financial market size, financial openness and Sharpe ratio significantly influenced FDI inflow. Moreover, inflation, financial openness and Sharpe ratio imply a meaningful impact on the FDI inflow of developed and developing countries, with a relatively stronger influence during the post-crisis periods. Asymmetric impact tests also revealed similar results. Research limitations/implications These findings offer an impression that financial market development channels may significantly boost FDIs in developing and, as well as developed countries. With special reference to the developing countries, a disciplined financial market and financial openness may help attract more FDIs. Originality/value Impact of the financial crisis on FDI inflows while observing the impact of the financing channels in developing and developed countries is rare in the academic domain. This study forwards that a structured and open financial market may help in recovering from the financial crisis.

Late-mover advantages and disadvantages in China's futures market

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-191
Author(s):  
Qing Chang
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Futures Market ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Overall Design ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Catch Up

PurposeThis article aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the late-mover advantages and disadvantages of China's futures market.Design/methodology/approachThis paper reviews the establishment and evolution of China's futures market via historical and comparative analysis, deeply analyzing the market's late-mover advantages and disadvantages.FindingsThe establishment and evolution of China's futures market as a late-mover enjoys benefits in overall design, pilot, and post-development. However, it also suffers disadvantages brought by institutional transformations, advantage enjoyment, catch-up strategies, and international integration.Originality/valueThis paper is the first to systematically explore the laws affecting the formation of the price system in China's futures market. The findings of this research provide important policy implications for the development of China's futures market and references for other developing countries.

The influence of inflation targeting on the pass-through effect of the exchange rate

2018 ◽  
pp. 70-84
Author(s):  
Ph. S. Kartaev ◽  
Yu. I. Yakimova
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Inflation Targeting ◽  
Policy Regime ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Exchange Rate ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Impact

The paper studies the impact of the transition to the inflation targeting regime on the magnitude of the pass-through effect of the exchange rate to prices. We analyze cross-country panel data on developed and developing countries. It is shown that the transition to this regime of monetary policy contributes to a significant reduction in both the short- and long-term pass-through effects. This decline is stronger in developing countries. We identify the main channels that ensure the influence of the monetary policy regime on the pass-through effect, and examine their performance. In addition, we analyze the data of time series for Russia. It was concluded that even there the transition to inflation targeting led to a decrease in the dependence of the level of inflation on fluctuations in the ruble exchange rate.

GREEN OPEN ACCESS IN KENYA: A REVIEW OF THE CONTENT, POLICIES AND USAGE OF INSTITUTIONAL REPOSITORIES

Mousaion ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-54
Author(s):  
Wanyenda Leonard Chilimo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Institutional Repositories ◽  
Current State ◽  
Theses And Dissertations

 There is scant research-based evidence on the development and adoption of open access (OA) and institutional repositories (IRs) in Africa, and in Kenya in particular. This article reports on a study that attempted to fill that gap and provide feedback on the various OA projects and advocacy work currently underway in universities and research institutions in Kenya and in other developing countries. The article presents the findings of a descriptive study that set out to evaluate the current state of IRs in Kenya. Webometric approaches and interviews with IR managers were used to collect the data for the study. The findings showed that Kenya has made some progress in adopting OA with a total of 12 IRs currently listed in the Directory of Open Access Repositories (OpenDOAR) and five mandatory self-archiving policies listed in the Registry of Open Access Repositories Mandatory Archiving Policies (ROARMAP). Most of the IRs are owned by universities where theses and dissertations constitute the majority of the content type followed by journal articles. The results on the usage and impact of materials deposited in Kenyan IRs indicated that the most viewed publications in the repositories also received citations in Google Scholar, thereby signifying their impact and importance. The results also showed that there was a considerable interest in Swahili language publications among users of the repositories in Kenya.

Liberal development, 1925–46

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Toye
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Trade Protection ◽  
Communist Country ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Government Finance ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Experimental Economic

Keynes’s writings are often disregarded in the context of economic development, overlooking that Russia was a developing country in his lifetime. He wrote about the experimental economic techniques that the Soviet government employed. He visited Russia three times and wrote A Short View of Russia in which he explained and criticized Bolsheviks’ policy of export and import monopolies, an overvalued exchange rate, inflationary government finance, and the subsidization of industry. These were policies that many developing countries adopted after decolonization. Keynes’s conclusion was that they were inefficient and that ‘bourgeois economics was valid in a communist country’. Did Keynes change his mind in the 1930s? If anything, he grew more harshly critical of Soviet economic policies and carefully distinguished them from his own endorsement of moderate trade protection and government supplementary investment in times of depression.

On the First-Round Effects of International Food Price Shocks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Portillo ◽  
Luis-Felipe Zanna
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Small Open Economy ◽  
Food Price ◽  
Relative Price ◽  
Asset Market ◽  
Price Shocks ◽  
Market Structures ◽  
Model Features ◽  
Food Share

The chapter presents a small open-economy model to study the first-round effects of international food-price shocks in developing countries. First-round shocks are defined as changes in headline inflation that, holding core inflation constant, help implement relative price adjustments. The model features three goods (food, a generic traded good, and a non-traded good), varying degrees of tradability of the food basket, and alternative international asset market structures. First-round effects depend crucially on the asset market structure. Under complete markets, inter-temporal substitution prevails, making the inflationary impact of international food price shocks proportional to the food share in consumption, which in developing countries is typically large. Under financial autarky, the income channel is dominant, and first-round effects are instead proportional to the country’s food trade balance, which is typically small. The results cast some doubt on the view that international food price shocks inherently have large inflationary effects in developing countries.

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