Digital image access: an exploration of the best practices of online resources

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Menard ◽  
Margaret Smithglass
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Image Retrieval ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Retrieval Systems ◽  
Image Access ◽  
General Search ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the results of the first phase of a research project that aims to develop a bilingual interface for the retrieval of digital images. The main objective of this extensive exploration was to identify the characteristics and functionalities of existing search interfaces and similar tools available for image retrieval. Design/methodology/approach – An examination of 159 resources that offer image retrieval was carried out. First, general search functionalities offered by content-based image retrieval systems and text-based systems are described. Second, image retrieval in a multilingual context is explored. Finally, the search functionalities provided by four types of organisations (libraries, museums, image search engines and stock photography databases) are investigated. Findings – The analysis of functionalities offered by online image resources revealed a very high degree of consistency within the types of resources examined. The resources found to be the most navigable and interesting to use were those built with standardised vocabularies combined with a clear, compact and efficient user interface. The analysis also highlights that many search engines are equipped with multiple language support features. A translation device, however, is implemented in only a few search engines. Originality/value – The examination of best practices for image retrieval and the analysis of the real users' expectations, which will be obtained in the next phase of the research project, constitute the foundation upon which the search interface model that the authors propose to develop is based. It also provides valuable suggestions and guidelines for search engine researchers, designers and developers.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequences of Two Salmonella Viruses, VSe11 and VSe102 (Family Myoviridae, Subfamily Ounavirinae), with a Very High Degree of Similarity

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay V. Volozhantsev ◽  
Egor A. Denisenko ◽  
Angelina A. Kislichkina ◽  
Vera P. Myakinina ◽  
Valentina M. Krasilnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Coding Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Degree Of Similarity ◽  
Very High

ABSTRACT Two lytic double-stranded DNA bacteriophages, VSe11 and VSe102, infecting broad-spectrum Salmonella enterica were isolated from the sewage of two different poultry farms. The phage genomes comprise 86,360 bp and 86,365 bp, respectively, with a G+C content of 39.0%, and both contain 129 putative coding sequences.

Retrieval effectiveness of image search engines

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aabid Hussain ◽  
Sumeer Gul ◽  
Tariq Ahmad Shah ◽  
Sheikh Shueb
Keyword(s):  
Image Retrieval ◽  
Search Engine ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Keyword Search ◽  
Image Search ◽  
Image Size ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Retrieval Effectiveness ◽  
Search Feature

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the retrieval effectiveness of three image search engines (ISE) – Google Images, Yahoo Image Search and Picsearch in terms of their image retrieval capability. It is an effort to carry out a Cranfield experiment to know how efficient the commercial giants in the image search are and how efficient an image specific search engine is. Design/methodology/approach The keyword search feature of three ISEs – Google images, Yahoo Image Search and Picsearch – was exploited to make search with keyword captions of photos as query terms. Selected top ten images were used to act as a testbed for the study, as images were searched in accordance with features of the test bed. Features to be looked for included size (1200 × 800), format of images (JPEG/JPG) and the rank of the original image retrieved by ISEs under study. To gauge the overall retrieval effectiveness in terms of set standards, only first 50 result hits were checked. Retrieval efficiency of select ISEs were examined with respect to their precision and relative recall. Findings Yahoo Image Search outscores Google Images and Picsearch both in terms of precision and relative recall. Regarding other criteria – image size, image format and image rank in search results, Google Images is ahead of others. Research limitations/implications The study only takes into consideration basic image search feature, i.e. text-based search. Practical implications The study implies that image search engines should focus on relevant descriptions. The study evaluated text-based image retrieval facilities and thereby offers a choice to users to select best among the available ISEs for their use. Originality/value The study provides an insight into the effectiveness of the three ISEs. The study is one of the few studies to gauge retrieval effectiveness of ISEs. Study also produced key findings that are important for all ISE users and researchers and the Web image search industry. Findings of the study will also prove useful for search engine companies to improve their services.

Three approaches to measuring recall on the Web: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-492
Author(s):  
Mahdi Zeynali Tazehkandi ◽  
Mohsen Nowkarizi
Keyword(s):  
Search Engines ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Retrieval Algorithm ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Third ◽  
Retrieval Systems ◽  
Information Retrieval Systems ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
The Web ◽  
Group Recall

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a review on the use of the recall metric for evaluating information retrieval systems, especially search engines. Design/methodology/approach This paper investigates different researchers’ views about recall metrics. Findings Five different definitions for recall were identified. For the first group, recall refers to completeness, but it does not specify where all the relevant documents are located. For the second group, recall refers to retrieving all the relevant documents from the collection. However, it seems that the term “collection” is ambiguous. For the third group (first approach), collection means the index of search engines and, for the fourth group (second approach), collection refers to the Web. For the fifth group (third approach), ranking of the retrieved documents should also be accounted for in calculating recall. Practical implications It can be said that in the first, second and third approaches, the components of the retrieval algorithm, the retrieval algorithm and crawler, and the retrieval algorithm and crawler and ranker, respectively, are evaluated. To determine the effectiveness of search engines for the use of users, it is better to use the third approach in recall measurement. Originality/value The value of this paper is to collect, identify and analyse literature that is used in recall. In addition, different views of researchers about recall are identified.

Web Resources on Medical Tourism

2019 ◽  
pp. 174-195
Author(s):  
S. Naseehath
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Search Engine ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Medical Tourism ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Link Analysis ◽  
Search Results ◽  
Retrieval Systems ◽  
Information Retrieval Systems ◽  
General Search

Webometric research has fallen into two main categories, namely link analysis and search engine evaluation. Search engines are also used to collect data for link analysis. A set of measurements is proposed for evaluating web search engine performance. Some measurements are adapted from the concepts of recall and precision, which are commonly used in evaluating traditional information retrieval systems. Others are newly developed to evaluate search engine stability, which is unique to web information retrieval systems. Overlapping of search results, annual growth of search results on each search engines, variation of results on search using synonyms are also used to evaluate the relative efficiency of search engines. In this study, the investigator attempts to conduct a webometric study on the topic medical tourism in Kerala using six search engines; these include three general search engines, namely Bing, Google, and Lycos, and three metasearch engines, namely Dogpile, ixquick, and WebCrawler.

Search engine effectiveness using query classification: a study

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabha Ali ◽  
Sumeer Gul
Keyword(s):  
Search Engines ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Library And Information Science ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Retrieval Effectiveness ◽  
General Search

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to highlight the retrieval effectiveness of search engines taking into consideration both precision and relative recall. Design/methodology/approach – The study is based on search engines that are selected on the basis of Alexa (Actionable Analytics for the web) Rank. Alexa listed top 500 sites, namely, search engines, portals, directories, social networking sites, networking tools, etc. But the scope of study is confined to only general search engines on the basis of language which was confined to English. Therefore only two general search engines are selected for the study . Alexa reports Google.com as the most visited website worldwide and Yahoo.com as the fourth most visited website globally. A total of 15 queries were selected randomly from PG students of Department of Library and Information Science during a period of eight days (from May 8 to May 15, 2014) which are classified manually into navigational, informational and transactional queries. However, queries are largely distributed on the two selected search engines to check their retrieval effectiveness as a training data set in order to define some characteristics of each type. Each query was submitted to the selected search engines which retrieved a large number of results but only the first 30 results were evaluated to limit the study in view of the fact that most of the users usually look up under the first hits of a query. Findings – The study estimated the precision and relative recall of Google and Yahoo. Queries using concepts in the field of Library and Information Science were tested and were divided into navigational queries, informational queries and transactional queries. Results of the study showed that the mean precision of Google was high with (1.10) followed by Yahoo with (0.88). While as, mean relative recall of Google was high with (0.68) followed by Yahoo with (0.31), respectively. Research limitations/implications – The study highlights the retrieval effectiveness of only two search engines. Originality/value – The research work is authentic and does not contain any plagiarized work.

Performance evaluation of web search engines in image retrieval: An experimental study

2021 ◽  
pp. 026666692110102
Author(s):  
Mehrdad (Mozaffar) CheshmehSohrabi ◽  
Elham Adnani Sadati
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Image Retrieval ◽  
Search Engine ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Web Search ◽  
Image Search ◽  
Intense Competition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
General Search

This experimental study used a checklist to evaluate the performance of seven search engines consisting of four Image General Search Engines (IGSEs) (namely, Google, Yahoo DuckDuckGo and Bing), and three Image Specialized Search Engines (ISSEs) (namely, Flicker, PicSearch, and GettyImages) in image retrieval. The findings indicated that the recall average of Image General Search Engines and Image Specialized Search Engines was found to be 76.32% and 24/51% with the precision average of 82/08% and 32/21%, respectively. As the results showed, Yahoo, Google and DuckDuckGo ranked at the top in image retrieval with no significant difference. However, a remarkable superiority with almost 50% difference was observed between the general and specialized image search engines. It was also found that an intense competition existed between Google, Yahoo and DuckDuckGo in image retrieval. The overall results can provide valuable insights for new search engine designers and users in choosing the appropriate search engines for image retrieval. Moreover, the results obtained through the applied equations could be used in assessing and evaluating other search tools, including search engines.

scholarly journals Hit count estimate variability for website-specific queries in search engines

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina I. Font-Julian ◽  
José-Antonio Ontalba-Ruipérez ◽  
Enrique Orduña-Malea
Keyword(s):  
Search Engines ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Discriminating Power ◽  
General Search ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Count Estimation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the effect of the chosen search engine results page (SERP) on the website-specific hit count estimation indicator. Design/methodology/approach A sample of 100 Spanish rare disease association websites is analysed, obtaining the website-specific hit count estimation for the first and last SERPs in two search engines (Google and Bing) at two different periods in time (2016 and 2017). Findings It has been empirically demonstrated that there are differences between the number of hits returned on the first and last SERP in both Google and Bing. These differences are significant when they exceed a threshold value on the first SERP. Research limitations/implications Future studies considering other samples, more SERPs and generating different queries other than website page count (<site>) would be desirable to draw more general conclusions on the nature of quantitative data provided by general search engines. Practical implications Selecting a wrong SERP to calculate some metrics (in this case, website-specific hit count estimation) might provide misleading results, comparisons and performance rankings. The empirical data suggest that the first SERP captures the differences between websites better because it has a greater discriminating power and is more appropriate for webometric longitudinal studies. Social implications The findings allow improving future quantitative webometric analyses based on website-specific hit count estimation metrics in general search engines. Originality/value The website-specific hit count estimation variability between SERPs has been empirically analysed, considering two different search engines (Google and Bing), a set of 100 websites focussed on a similar market (Spanish rare diseases associations), and two annual samples, making this study the most exhaustive on this issue to date.

Bringing person-centeredness and active involvement into reality

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (6) ◽  
pp. 518-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rikke Torenholt ◽  
Gitte Engelund ◽  
Ingrid Willaing
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Patient Education ◽  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Patient Centeredness ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the use and applicability of cultural probes – an explorative participatory method to gain insights into a person’s life and thoughts – to achieve person-centeredness and active involvement in self-management education for people with chronic illness. Design/methodology/approach – An education toolkit inspired by the ideas of cultural probes was developed and feasibility tested in 49 education settings in Denmark. Questionnaires, interviews, and observations were used to collect data, which were analysed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and systematic text condensation. Findings – Educators emphasized the applicability of the toolkit, and between 69 and 82 per cent of educators reported that the toolkit supported them in facilitating person-centred education and active involvement to a high or very high degree. Most educators (81 per cent) reported that they would like to apply the toolkit again in future education to a high or very high degree. Five categories of educator experiences were identified: interaction and activity; person-centeredness; group dynamics and synergy; openness; and light and cheerful atmosphere. Educators talked significantly less in situations where the toolkit was applied. This indicates the ability of the toolkit to facilitate talk among participants and thereby let participants become the focal point of education. Applying cultural probes in patient education targeting people with chronic illness seems to be a useful method to achieve patient-centeredness and active involvement in patient education and to support educators in facilitating this process. Originality/value – Introducing fully flexible education toolkits inspired by cultural probes may, in the future, lead to improved self-management patient education among people with chronic illness.

Occipital-axis posterior wiring and fusion for atlantoaxial dislocation associated with occipitalization of the atlas

1993 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijendra K. Jain ◽  
Masakazu Takayasu ◽  
Satnam Singh ◽  
Devendra K. Chharbra ◽  
Kenichiro Sugita
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Margin ◽  
Early Mobilization ◽  
Foramen Magnum ◽  
Atlantoaxial Dislocation ◽  
Compression Force ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Degree Of Stability ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors present their technique of occipital-axis posterior wiring and fusion for atlantoaxial dislocation associated with an occipitalized atlas. The technique consists of drilling a 3 × 1-cm horizontal groove in the occipital bone 1 cm posterior to the foramen magnum and building up a bony bridge along the posterior margin of the foramen magnum. This bony bridge is referred to as an “artificial atlas.” Conventional wiring and fusion is performed between the artificial atlas and the C-2 lamina, interposing a strut bone graft. Since the compression force on tightening the wire is vertical, a very high degree of stability for the occipital-C-2 complex is achieved, facilitating early mobilization without postoperative redislocation.

An empirical analysis of user behaviour on multilingual information retrieval

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Si ◽  
Qiuyu Pan ◽  
Xiaozhe Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
User Behaviour ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Retrieval Systems ◽  
Multilingual Information Retrieval ◽  
Advanced Search ◽  
Information Retrieval Systems ◽  
General Search

Purpose This paper aims to understand user information behaviours when they perform multilingual information retrieval. It also offers reference for the development of multilingual information retrieval systems and relevant service platforms. Design/methodology/approach The authors designed an experiment on multilingual information retrieval with WorldWideScience, utilized Camtasia studio7 (a screen capturing and recording tool) to record overall operational processes of subjects and collected participants’ thought processes with think-aloud protocols. Meanwhile, a questionnaire survey and interviews were used to examine the subjects’ background information, their feelings for the experiment and their ideas about the experimental platform, respectively. Thirty-two valid data points were obtained by 41 subjects. Findings The users preferred their own language for retrieval. Most users from social science chose general search or advanced search freely according to the tasks. The majority of the participants selected key words directly from the tasks as search terms. Doctoral candidates were more likely to construct a search query with logic symbols. Translation tools were utilized for assisting retrieval and solving doubts of translation. When facing obstacles, users stayed on the original web page to explore continually, followed by back to homepage. Originality/value This paper provides a study of user behaviour through investigating how users behave on the whole process of retrieving multilingual information. The findings offer advice for optimizing the function of multilingual information retrieval systems and service platforms.

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