scholarly journals The global trends of automated container terminal: a systematic literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
W.K. Kon ◽  
Noorul Shaiful Fitri Abdul Rahman ◽  
Rudiah Md Hanafiah ◽  
Saharuddin Abdul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Journal Ranking ◽  
Research Trend ◽  
Productivity Cost ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Automated Container Terminal

Purpose Since the first automated container terminal (ACT) was introduced at Europe Container Terminals Delta Terminal in Port Rotterdam back in the year 1992, a lot of research had been done to improve the management of ACT. However, up until recently, the number of literature available still appeared scarce. Hence, this paper aims to review the collection of literature about ACT to generate an exhaustive summary to answer the formulated review question in this study. Design/methodology/approach Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses to narrow down the search parameters of literature retrieved so that only relevant articles were only selected. The systematic literature reviews were applied to analyse the content of the articles retrieved to determine its journal ranking, research findings and timeline of publications. Findings The adoption of ACT technology by container terminal operators could increase the terminal efficiency in productivity, cost reduction and environmental sustainability. Owing to global environmental awareness, the research trend of container terminal field and container terminal operator in the terminal design is much more environmentally friendly oriented. Research limitations/implications The limited numbers of experts in the management of ACT are causing challenges in data collections. Practical implications The analysis of the global ACT trend could help academicians and industrial investors to review the revolution timeline of maritime technology in port and shipping that is happening rapidly. Originality/value The analysis of timeline and collective literature leads to the propose of the conceptual framework to determine the relationship between increased productivity, cost reduction and environmentally sustainable.

scholarly journals Noisy Optimization of Dispatching Policy for the Cranes at the Storage Yard in an Automated Container Terminal

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6922
Author(s):  
Jeongmin Kim ◽  
Ellen J. Hong ◽  
Youngjee Yang ◽  
Kwang Ryel Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Container Terminal ◽  
Scoring Function ◽  
Weight Vector ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Exploration And Exploitation ◽  
Noisy Optimization ◽  
Automated Container Terminal ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Operation Schedule

In this paper, we claim that the operation schedule of automated stacking cranes (ASC) in the storage yard of automated container terminals can be built effectively and efficiently by using a crane dispatching policy, and propose a noisy optimization algorithm named N-RTS that can derive such a policy efficiently. To select a job for an ASC, our dispatching policy uses a multi-criteria scoring function to calculate the score of each candidate job using a weighted summation of the evaluations in those criteria. As the calculated score depends on the respective weights of these criteria, and thus a different weight vector gives rise to a different best candidate, a weight vector can be deemed as a policy. A good weight vector, or policy, can be found by a simulation-based search where a candidate policy is evaluated through a computationally expensive simulation of applying the policy to some operation scenarios. We may simplify the simulation to save time but at the cost of sacrificing the evaluation accuracy. N-RTS copes with this dilemma by maintaining a good balance between exploration and exploitation. Experimental results show that the policy derived by N-RTS outperforms other ASC scheduling methods. We also conducted additional experiments using some benchmark functions to validate the performance of N-RTS.

scholarly journals Common resources-resource bundling-performance: the mediating role of resource bundling in container terminal operations

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (9/10) ◽  
pp. 809-831
Author(s):  
Teddy Laksmana ◽  
Himanshu Shee ◽  
Vinh V. Thai
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Service Performance ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Common Resources ◽  
Container Terminal Operations ◽  
The Impact

PurposeBuilding on the resource-based view (RBV) perspective of common resources, the objective of this paper is to empirically examine the impact of container terminals' common resources (i.e. government support and terminal resources) on resource bundling strategies and subsequent effect on service performance.Design/methodology/approachUsing cross-sectional survey data collected from a sample of 216 respondents of Indonesia's container terminals, this study used structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the hypothesised relationships between common resources, resource bundling strategies and service performance.FindingsGovernment support and terminal resources (personnel and physical), both as sources of common resources when bundled effectively, are found to have positive and significant effect on terminal service performance. The resource bundling strategies fully mediate the relationship between container terminals' common resources and service performance.Practical implicationsThe study introduces the notion of common resources to container terminal managers in contrast to the valuable, rare, inimitable and non-substitutable (VRIN) types. It is recommended that appropriate resource bundling strategies can turn the common resources into VRIN resources that can be used to obtain desired service performance.Originality/valueRBV theorists suggest that resources that are VRIN types can be the source of competitive advantage. However, the resources can also be common, basic and valuable, a fact that is rarely investigated in the literature. These common resources can be bundled judiciously with other pre-existing resources to create VRIN resources. This research enriches the RBV by empirically validating that VRIN resources are embedded within various common resources bundling strategies.

scholarly journals Off-peak truck deliveries at container terminals: the “Good Night” program in Israel

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Bentolila ◽  
Ronit Kastro Ziedenveber ◽  
Yehuda Hayuth ◽  
Theo Notteboom
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Economic Incentive ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Monetary Incentives ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Good Night ◽  
Creative Solutions ◽  
Economics Model

Purpose Avoiding truck congestion and peaks in landside activity is one of the challenges to container terminal managers. The spreading of truck arrivals at terminals can be facilitated by widening the opening hours of terminals at the landside. Israel’s Ministry of Transport has instituted the “Good Night Program”, involving monetary incentives for importers and exporters who deliver containers to ports at night. Design/methodology/approach This paper aims to quantitatively examine the market utility resulting from shifting traffic from daytime to nighttime, and analyzes customer considerations regarding nighttime transportation. Findings The external utility found in the traffic-economics model is quite similar to the economic incentive given to customers. Therefore, a significant increase of the incentive is not feasible. Originality/value Furthermore, it seems that an incentive method by itself is not effective enough, and does not motivate customers to act and find creative solutions to the obstacles they face. To achieve a considerable change in nighttime transport to Israeli ports, more effective methods should be examined.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis on Transfer Platforms in Frame Bridge Based Automated Container Terminals

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongtao Hu ◽  
Byung Kwon Lee ◽  
Youfang Huang ◽  
Loo Hay Lee ◽  
Ek Peng Chew
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chain ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Markov Chain Model ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Automated Guided Vehicles ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Quay Cranes ◽  
Automated Container Terminal ◽  
Multistory Frame

This paper studies a new automated container terminal (ACT) system which utilizes multistory frame bridges and rail-mounted trolleys to transport containers between the quay and the yard. Beside typical ACT systems use trucks or automated guided vehicles for transporting containers between quay cranes and yard cranes, the new design uses three types of handling machines, namely, ground trolleys (GTs), transfer platforms (TPs), and frame trolleys (FTs). These three types of handling machines collaborate with one another to transport containers. This study decomposes the system into several subsystems. Each subsystem has one TP and several FTs and GTs dedicated to this TP. Then, a Markov chain model is developed to analyze the throughput of TPs. At last, the performance of the new ACT system is estimated. Sensitivity analyzes the numbers, and the processing rates of trolleys are conducted through the numeric experiments.

scholarly journals Development and Suggestions on Container Twist Lock Handling in Automated Container Terminals

2021 ◽  
Vol 353 ◽  
pp. 01024
Author(s):  
Panpan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Container Terminal ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Automated Container Terminal

In this paper automated container terminals were introduced and characteristics of the automated container terminals were summarized. Besides, a common problem of twist lock handling technology in automated container terminal was proposed. different kinds of automatic twist lock handling technologies and equipment were collected and analyzed. Finally, suggestions on twist lock handling were given. With demands of automated container terminals, the twist lock handling technology will still rapidly develop in future.

scholarly journals The efficiency of major container terminals in China: super-efficiency data envelopment analysis approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu-Liu Li ◽  
Young-Joon Seo ◽  
Min-Ho Ha
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Terminal Branch ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Super Efficiency ◽  
Dea Model ◽  
Efficiency Data

Purpose Seaports are a signifier for the world economy and international trade. Notwithstanding the considerable role of Chinese ports in global trade, only few studies have explored the efficiency of Chinese container terminals. Furthermore, studies on Chinese port efficiency has typically centered on port-level analysis, not terminal level. Therefore, this study aims to examine the operation efficiency of Chinese container terminals. Design/methodology/approach This study uses super-efficiency data envelopment analysis (SE-DEA) approach. SE-DEA is superior than basic DEA model because it is feasible for categorizing and ranking the efficiency of container terminals more accurately and comprehensively. In the basic model, if the several decision-making units (DMUs) are efficient, the efficiency value of them is “1.” However, in the SE-DEA model, the most efficient DMU is over “1.” Based on the level of container throughput in 2018, the top 20 Chinese container terminal companies were selected. Various production quotas were selected as inputs, while the container throughput was considered output. Findings The findings show that Terminal Shanghai Mingdong Container Terminal Co., Ltd. was ranked 1, followed by Shanghai Shengdong International Container Terminal Co., Ltd., Shanghai International Port (Group) Co., Ltd. and Yidong Container Terminal Branch. Originality/value This study contributes to providing some insights into Chinese container terminal industry to augment the efficiency. This study also provides practical and policy implications (e.g. better terminal operations) for container terminals.

scholarly journals Analysis and Design of Typical Automated Container Terminals Layout Considering Carbon Emissions

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanxi Wang ◽  
Daofang Chang ◽  
Xiaowei Shi ◽  
Jun Yuan ◽  
Yinping Gao
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Automated Container Terminal ◽  
Green Port

With the rapid development of world economy and trade and the continuous construction of green port, automated container terminal (ACT) has increasingly become the direction of future development. Layout design is the premise of ACT construction, which has an at least 50-year influence on the terminal. Therefore, this paper hopes to analyze and design the typical ACT layout to achieve sustainable development of the port. Firstly, a conceptual model is presented considering the interaction between different areas within the ACT when the width and length of the terminal are fixed. To select the optimal layout to achieve the goal of the green terminal, a novel mathematical model is established based on the energy consumption during cycle operation of various devices which can estimate the total carbon emission of an ACT over a period and is suitable for designing period. Then, with the developed model, an ACT in East China was taken as a case study. Finally, according to various analysis of the data results, the layout suggestion considering the sustainable development of the port is given.

Supporting Automated Container Terminal Design Processes with 3D Virtual Environments

2011 ◽  
pp. 635-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Fumarola ◽  
Cornelis Versteegt
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Technical Design ◽  
Design Processes ◽  
Automated Container Terminal ◽  
3D Environments ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Terminal Design ◽  
3D Virtual Environments

Recent trends in container terminal design favor automation above manual labor. Automatic container terminals outperform their manual counterparts in terms of twenty-foot equivalent units per year, and they are economically more effective as well. Due to the use of modern technologies, it is not always clear for actors which consequences every decision has on the design. Although technical design drawings are understandable by engineers, they could lack clarity for others, such as business analysts. To overcome this issue, 3D visualizations have often been employed to present future container terminals. However, constructing such visualizations is often time-consuming, expensive, and lacks the flexibility needed through a design process. In this chapter, we present a solution that allows designers to quickly generate 3D environments from technical design drawings. The environment, which is called the “Virtual Terminal,” consists of an AutoCAD plug-in that communicates with a 3D virtual environment. Whenever an updated visualization is needed throughout the design process, this can be realized with minor efforts. The Virtual Terminal has already been used in design processes of major future container terminals, which allowed us to evaluate its usability, usefulness, and usage. The evaluation has been performed both quantitatively (for assessing the usability) and qualitatively (for assessing usefulness and usage).

Container port throughput analysis and active management using control theory

2021 ◽  
pp. 147509022110208
Author(s):  
Cuong Truong Ngoc ◽  
Xiao Xu ◽  
Hwan-Seong Kim ◽  
Duy Anh Nguyen ◽  
Sam-Sang You
Keyword(s):  
Control Theory ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Maritime Transportation ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Dynamical Analysis ◽  
Series Data

This paper deals with three-dimensional (3D) model of competitive Lotka-Volterra equation to investigate nonlinear dynamics and control strategy of container terminal throughput and capacity. Dynamical behaviors are intensely explored by using eigenvalue evaluation, bifurcation analysis, and time-series data. The dynamical analysis is to show the stability with bifurcation of the competition and collaboration of multiple container terminals in the maritime transportation. Based on the chaotic analysis, the sliding mode control theory has been utilized for optimization of port operations under disruptions. Extensive numerical simulations have been conducted to validate the efficacy and reliability of the presented control algorithms. Particularly, the closed-loop system has been assessed through chaotic suppression and synchronization strategies for port management. Finally, the presented fundamental techniques can be utilized to provide managerial insights and solutions on efficient seaport operations that allow more timely and cost-effective decision making for port authorities in such a highly competitive environment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of CO2 emissions and energy use with different container terminal layouts

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arif Budiyanto ◽  
Muhammad Hanzalah Huzaifi ◽  
Simon Juanda Sirait ◽  
Putu Hangga Nan Prayoga
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Future Planning ◽  
Container Handling

AbstractSustainable development of container terminals is based on energy efficiency and reduction in CO2 emissions. This study estimated the energy consumption and CO2 emissions in container terminals according to their layouts. Energy consumption was calculated based on utility data as well as fuel and electricity consumptions for each container-handling equipment in the container terminal. CO2 emissions were estimated using movement modality based on the number of movements of and distance travelled by each container-handling equipment. A case study involving two types of container terminal layouts i.e. parallel and perpendicular layouts, was conducted. The contributions of each container-handling equipment to the energy consumption and CO2 emissions were estimated and evaluated using statistical analysis. The results of the case study indicated that on the CO2 emissions in parallel and perpendicular layouts were relatively similar (within the range of 16–19 kg/TEUs). These results indicate that both parallel and perpendicular layouts are suitable for future ports based on sustainable development. The results can also be used for future planning of operating patterns and layout selection in container terminals.

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