Export market for US crude oil will grow

Subject US oil exports. Significance When Congress in December 2015 struck down legislation that strictly limited oil exports, it was expected to unleash a flood of new US crude onto global markets. The actual fallout has been more complicated. Exports have hit record highs in recent weeks, but overall shipments by early August are actually lower than they were a year ago because of falling domestic output and fewer arbitrage opportunities. Still, US oil is finding its way to new markets across Latin America, Europe and Asia. Impacts Midstream companies will benefit from development of export infrastructure on the US Gulf Coast. Reduced WTI-Brent spreads will shrink the margins of US refiners. US producers, especially those in Texas and around the Gulf Coast, will benefit from having greater access to global markets. New US export routes will offer commercial opportunities for oil traders.

Significance The US shale oil industry has mounted a comeback over the past six months. After a deep recession brought on by plunging oil prices starting in mid-2014, the sector is growing again as prices have stabilised and US oil output is rising, approaching record levels once again. OPEC’s May 26 meeting was a potential threat to that recovery, but the cartel’s decision to hold the line on its regime of production cuts ensures continued growth for US oil. Impacts US oil exports will rise this year on higher output from the Permian oilfield, which is well connected to Gulf Coast export facilities. An uptick in drilling will contribute to the overall tightening of the US labour market, pushing up wages and oilfield services costs. Restored royalty flows will ease some fiscal stress on oil-dependent state governments such as Alaska and North Dakota.


2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Brown ◽  
Jenny Burbage ◽  
Joanna Wakefield-Scurr

PurposePrevious research suggests that many active females are not engaging in sports bra use, despite the positive health benefits. The aim of this study was to establish and compare sports bra use, preferences and bra fit issues for exercising females in some of the largest and most diverse global underwear markets (the US, the UK and China).Design/methodology/approachA survey covering activity levels, sports bra use and preferences, bra issues and demographics was administered via Qualtrics and completed by 3,147 physically active females (aged ≥ 18 years) from the US (n = 1,060), UK (n = 1,050) and China (n = 1,037).FindingsIn general, participants were 25–29 years, 121 to 140 pounds, 34B bra size and pre-menopausal. “I cannot find the right sports bra” was the most frequent breast barrier to exercise (25.4%). Three-quarters of women wore a sports bra during exercise, with significantly higher use in China (83.9%), compared to the UK (67.2%). A third of all participants reported sports bra shoulder straps “digging into the skin”. Sports bra preferences were: compression sports bras with a racer back, wide straps and thick straps in the US and the UK; thin straps in China and adjustable straps and underband, no wire and maximum breast coverage in the US and the UK, including nipple concealment and with padded/moulded cups.Originality/valueInformation provided on differences in sports bra use, preferences and bra issues across three major global markets could be utilised by brands and manufacturers to optimise bra marketing and fit education initiatives and inform future sports bra design and distribution strategies.


2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jairo Buitrago Ciro ◽  
Lynne Bowker

PurposeThis is a comparative investigation of how university libraries in the United States, Canada and Spanish-speaking Latin America are responding to predatory publishing.Design/methodology/approachThe Times Higher Education World University Rankings was used to identify the top ten universities from each of the US and Canada, as well as the top 20 Spanish-language universities in Latin America. Each university library's website was scrutinized to discover whether the libraries employed scholarly communication librarians, whether they offered scholarly communication workshops, or whether they shared information about scholarly communication on their websites. This information was further examined to determine if it discussed predatory publishing specifically.FindingsMost libraries in the US/Canada sample employ scholarly communication librarians and nearly half offer workshops on predatory publishing. No library in the Latin America sample employed a scholarly communication specialist and just one offered a workshop addressing predatory publishing. The websites of the libraries in the US and Canada addressed predatory publishing both indirectly and directly, with US libraries favoring the former approach and Canadian libraries tending towards the latter. Predatory publishing was rarely addressed directly by the libraries in the Latin America sample; however, all discussed self-archiving and/or Open Access.Research limitations/implicationsBrazilian universities were excluded owing to the researchers' language limitations. Data were collected between September 15 and 30, 2019, so it represents a snapshot of information available at that time. The study was limited to an analysis of library websites using a fixed set of keywords, and it did not investigate whether other campus units were involved or whether other methods of informing researchers about predatory publishing were being used.Originality/valueThe study reveals some best practices leading to recommendations to help academic libraries combat predatory publishing and improve scholarly publishing literacy among researchers.


Subject The US election impact in Latin America. Significance Donald Trump's victory in the US elections was received with concern in Latin America, where most governments informally supported Hillary Clinton's campaign and were expecting continuity in US foreign policy. Trump's positions on migration are particularly worrying for Mexico and Central America. His agenda in other areas is not clear: during the campaign, he made few statements about the region and maintained some contradictory positions on several issues, including relations with Cuba. Impacts Trump's victory will have an impact on domestic policy debates in many countries. Backpedalling on climate change would represent a major regional concern. Already weak support for economic orthodoxy and reduced trade barriers will decline further.


Subject The mixed impacts of outward migration. Significance Mexico saw a record inflow of money transfers in May and is set to register another year of fairly strong growth in family remittances in 2017. However, a report from the IMF on the economic impact of migration and remittances shows that while Mexico is benefiting on both fronts, other countries in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) are negatively affected. Impacts Increasing remittances will benefit millions of poor Mexican families at a time of sluggish growth and higher interest rates. Economic benefits of remittances will not be fully offset by the losses posed to some Caribbean countries by migrant outflows. The US labour market, and remittance- and immigration-related policy uncertainty, will be key drivers of remittances this year.


Significance The recent appointments of Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and National Security Advisor John Bolton, both critics of the deal, could contribute to Trump’s willingness to withdraw -- despite progress in consultations between Washington and its European allies to address US concerns. Impacts The reluctance of financial institutions to enter Iran’s market makes it difficult for firms to secure financing for their Iran operations. US secondary sanctions would have a particularly negative impact on Iran’s top European trading partners: Italy, France, Germany and Spain. A snapback of US sanctions would cut Iranian oil exports and push up crude oil prices.


Headline SAUDI ARABIA: Domestic demand will reduce oil exports


Subject 'Winners' and 'losers' from the recent collapse in oil prices. Significance The recent precipitate fall in crude oil prices, with the Brent crude price falling below 50 dollars/barrel in January (less than half its September 2014 level), is clearly having a major impact around the world. In Latin America, which includes both oil importing and exporting countries, there will be winners and losers from this development, although in some cases the oil price impact is likely to prove more nuanced. Impacts Plunging oil prices are compounding doubts surrounding the regional hydrocarbons sector. The effect on investment decisions will have a longer-term impact on the region. The development of alternative energies in Latin America will be hit by the lower prices.


Subject The outlook for remittance inflows. Significance Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) was the only region in the world that registered an increase in family remittances last year. Impacts The rise in 'extra' remittances after last year's US presidential election will not be repeated this year. The taxing of remittances could partially reverse many years of efforts to lower sending costs. Increased employment in the US construction sector could help sustain remittances to LAC.


Significance The plan aims to increase US private investment in Colombia and promote development in rural areas that have seen a resurgence of violence. The US International Development Finance Corporation (DFC), a recently revamped lender, is meant to play a key role in the strategy. Impacts Colombia Crece reflects Washington’s determination to counter Chinese influence in Latin America more aggressively. Concerns about Chinese influence are not simply a Trump-era phenomenon, but rather reflect a growing bipartisan consensus. Strategies such as aggressive coca eradication risk damaging government-community relations in areas targeted by the initiative.


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