Planar surface area calculation using camera and orientation sensor

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surangrak Sutiworwan ◽  
Miti Ruchanurucks ◽  
Pongthorn Apiroop ◽  
Supakorn Siddhichai ◽  
Thitiporn Chanwimaluang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Planar Surface ◽  
Orientation Sensor

Functionalization of 3-D Structures for Grafting of Biological Molecules

2005 ◽  
Vol 900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Oillic ◽  
Pierre Mur ◽  
Elisabeth Blanquet ◽  
Guillaume Delapierre ◽  
Françise Vinet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Solid Support ◽  
Biological Molecules ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Modified Oligonucleotides ◽  
Planar Surface ◽  
Silicon Structure

ABSTRACTEven though most microarrays present good quality, accuracy and reliability, they are made on a planar surface structure, which neither enough increases the accessibility of the targets to the probes nor the loading capacity of the solid support. To achieve a high density of reactive functions, the use of a non-planar structure is investigated to increase the available surface area for grafting of biomolecules. We propose to build up a pseudo-three-dimensional silicon structure, covered with a specific oxide layer, and then functionalized, allowing to introduce covalent and stable bindings of amino-modified oligonucleotides probes on the reactive layer of the support. The performances of these supports after silanisation are investigated by means of hybridization experiments using complementary fluorescent labeled-oligonucleotides targets. Our results indicate that these novel surfaces provide a higher specific surface area for attaching biomolecules and higher accessibility of the targets, which will increase the density of biomolecules and hence, the sensitivity of the fluorescence signal in comparison to the results obtained with a planar surface structure.

scholarly journals Dietary-induced gestational iron deficiency inhibits postnatal tissue iron delivery and postpones the cessation of active nephrogenesis in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Y. Sun ◽  
Joseph C. Woolley ◽  
Sharon E. Blohowiak ◽  
Zachary R. Smith ◽  
Ashajyothi M. Siddappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Planar Surface ◽  
Tissue Iron ◽  
Glomerular Size ◽  
Kidney Maturation ◽  
Iron Delivery ◽  
Nephrogenic Zone

Gestational iron deficiency (ID) can alter developmental programming through impaired nephron endowment, leading to adult hypertension, but nephrogenesis is unstudied. Iron status and renal development during dietary-induced gestational ID (<6 mg Fe kg–1 diet from Gestational Day 2 to Postnatal Day (PND) 7) were compared with control rats (198 mg Fe kg–1 diet). On PND2–PND10, PND15, PND30 and PND45, blood and tissue iron status were assessed. Nephrogenic zone maturation (PND2–PND10), radial glomerular counts (RGCs), glomerular size density and total planar surface area (PND15 and PND30) were also assessed. Blood pressure (BP) was measured in offspring. ID rats were smaller, exhibiting lower erythrocyte and tissue iron than control rats (PND2–PND10), but these parameters returned to control values by PND30–PND45. Relative kidney iron (µg g–1 wet weight) at PND2-PND10 was directly related to transport iron measures. In ID rats, the maturation of the active nephrogenic zone was later than control. RGCs, glomerular size, glomerular density, and glomerular planar surface area were lower than control at PND15, but returned to control by PND30. After weaning, the kidney weight/rat weight ratio (mg g–1) was heavier in ID than control rats. BP readings at PND45 were lower in ID than control rats. Altered kidney maturation and renal adaptations may contribute to glomerular size, early hyperfiltration and long-term renal function.

Novel nucleic acid architectures involving locked nucleic acid (LNA) and pyrene residues: Results from an Indo-Danish collaboration

2005 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ravindra Babu ◽  
Mads D. Sørensen ◽  
Patrick J. Hrdlicka ◽  
Smriti Trikha ◽  
Ashok K. Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Locked Nucleic Acid ◽  
Planar Surface ◽  
Dna Duplex ◽  
Fluorescent Tag ◽  
Conformationally Locked ◽  
Covalently Bound

We report herein our results for locked nucleic acid (LNA)-type oligonucleotides containing pyrene residues. Pyrene has a large hydrophobic and planar surface area and is therefore a potential intercalating unit; furthermore, it is interesting as a fluorescent tag when covalently bound to DNA. Synthesis and hybridization of conformationally locked universal base surrogates are described together with efficient interstrand communication as shown by the formation of pyrene excimer bands for duplexes containing 2'-N-(pyren-1-yl)methyl-2'-amino-LNA monomers positioned in a zipper-like manner within a DNA duplex.

Effects of leukotrienes on isolated rat glomeruli and cultured mesangial cells

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (5) ◽  
pp. F838-F844
Author(s):  
R. Barnett ◽  
P. Goldwasser ◽  
L. A. Scharschmidt ◽  
D. Schlondorff
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Mesangial Cells ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Planar Surface ◽  
Glomerular Function ◽  
Shape Changes ◽  
Isolated Rat

Several vasoactive substances influence glomerular function in vivo and alter glomerular surface area and prostaglandin (PG) synthesis in vitro. Leukotrienes (LT) LTC4 and LTD4 may also influence glomerular function in vivo and in the isolated perfused kidney. We therefore compared the effects of LT with those of angiotensin II (ANG II), arginine vasopressin (AVP), and platelet activating factor (PAF) on planar surface area of isolated rat glomeruli and the shape change of cultured mesangial cells and their PG synthesis. ANG II, AVP, and PAF decreased the surface area of isolated rat glomeruli by 10-14% with comparable changes induced by LTC4 and LTD4. Half-maximal effects of LTs were observed at approximately 10(-7) M. Incubation of cultured rat mesangial cells with LTC4 or LTD4 at 10(-7) and 10(-8) M was also associated with shape changes of the cells resulting in significant reductions in planar surface area in a dose- and time-dependent fashion similar to that noted previously with other vasoactive agents. In cells grown on a flexible silicone rubber support, LTD4 resulted in rapid increases in wrinkling of the mobile surface indicating that the shape change may represent cell contraction. The LT-mediated decrease in surface area of glomeruli and mesangial cells was partially antagonized by the LT inhibitor FPL-55712. In contrast to the 11- and 7-fold enhancement of PGE2 synthesis in cultured mesangial cells by ANG II or PAF, neither LTC4 nor LTD4 affected PGE2 production. These results demonstrate that LTC4 and LTD4 cause mesangial shape changes that in the whole glomerulus may decrease glomerular surface area.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Planar surface area transformation using modified homography matrix

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 878-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miti Ruchanurucks ◽  
Pongthorn Apiroop ◽  
Surangrak Sutiworwan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Planar Surface

Angiotensin II and eicosanoids in the control of glomerular size in the rat and human

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (2) ◽  
pp. F348-F356 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Scharschmidt ◽  
J. G. Douglas ◽  
M. J. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Planar Surface ◽  
Threshold Response ◽  
Protective Actions ◽  
Glomerular Size ◽  
Txa2 Receptor ◽  
Filtration Surface

We examined the possibility that glomerular prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) regulates the action of angiotensin II (ANG II) on mesangial contraction and filtration surface area. Using isolated rat glomeruli we indirectly assessed mesangial contraction and filtration surface area through measurements of glomerular planar surface area (GPSA) by image-analysis microscopy. ANG II reduced GPSA by approximately 20% in human and rat glomeruli, with threshold concentrations of 1 X 10(-13) M and maximum effect at 5 X 10(-11) M ANG II. Inhibition of glomerular PG synthesis with indomethacin or meclofenamate potentiated the threshold response of ANG II to reduce GPSA. Arachidonic acid (5 micrograms/ml) blunted both the threshold and the maximum responses of GPSA to ANG II. PGE2, 10(-8) and 10(-9) M, also decreased glomerular contraction to ANG II. Endoperoxide (EP) analogues decreased GPSA and EP 045, a thromboxane A2 (TXA2) receptor blocker, eliminated the contractile responses of glomeruli to the EP analogues. Authentic TXA2, synthesized from sheep platelet microsomes, also reduced GPSA. We conclude that glomerular products of arachidonate cyclooxygenation may either relax or contract the mesangium, thereby preserving or reducing filtration surface area. PGE2 exerts protective actions to reduce the mesangial contraction of ANG II, primarily through postreceptor effects. TXA2 may decrease glomerular filtration rate in certain diseases through direct actions on the mesangium.

Preparation and characterisation of vanadium pentoxide supported rhodium catalyst

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 946-947
Author(s):  
A. Legrouri
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Vanadium Pentoxide ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Rhodium Catalyst ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
Reducible Oxides

The industrial importance of metal catalysts supported on reducible oxides has stimulated considerable interest during the last few years. This presentation reports on the study of the physicochemical properties of metallic rhodium supported on vanadium pentoxide (Rh/V2O5). Electron optical methods, in conjunction with other techniques, were used to characterise the catalyst before its use in the hydrogenolysis of butane; a reaction for which Rh metal is known to be among the most active catalysts.V2O5 powder was prepared by thermal decomposition of high purity ammonium metavanadate in air at 400 °C for 2 hours. Previous studies of the microstructure of this compound, by HREM, SEM and gas adsorption, showed it to be non— porous with a very low surface area of 6m2/g3. The metal loading of the catalyst used was lwt%Rh on V2Q5. It was prepared by wet impregnating the support with an aqueous solution of RhCI3.3H2O.

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