A Simple and Low-Cost Apparatus of Near-Infrared for Defect Examination in Tomato

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahdiyatun Nisa ◽  
Vicky Mudeng ◽  
Lusi Ernawati ◽  
Regina Ayunita Tarigan
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Low Cost

scholarly journals Feasibility of Using VIS/NIR Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis for Pesticide Residue Detection in Tomatoes

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Araz Soltani Nazarloo ◽  
Vali Rasooli Sharabiani ◽  
Yousef Abbaspour Gilandeh ◽  
Ebrahim Taghinezhad ◽  
Mariusz Szymanek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Residue Detection ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Reflective Spectroscopy

The purpose of this work was to investigate the detection of the pesticide residual (profenofos) in tomatoes by using visible/near-infrared spectroscopy. Therefore, the experiments were performed on 180 tomato samples with different percentages of profenofos pesticide (higher and lower values than the maximum residual limit (MRL)) as compared to the control (no pesticide). VIS/near infrared (NIR) spectral data from pesticide solution and non-pesticide tomato samples (used as control treatment) impregnated with different concentrations of pesticide in the range of 400 to 1050 nm were recorded by a spectrometer. For classification of tomatoes with pesticide content at lower and higher levels of MRL as healthy and unhealthy samples, we used different spectral pre-processing methods with partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models. The Smoothing Moving Average pre-processing method with the standard error of cross validation (SECV) = 4.2767 was selected as the best model for this study. In addition, in the calibration and prediction sets, the percentages of total correctly classified samples were 90 and 91.66%, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that reflective spectroscopy (VIS/NIR) can be used as a non-destructive, low-cost, and rapid technique to control the health of tomatoes impregnated with profenofos pesticide.

Near-infrared fundus imaging system with light illumination from an electronic contact lens

2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 027001
Author(s):  
Yang Cui ◽  
Taiki Takamatsu ◽  
Koichi Shimizu ◽  
Takeo Miyake
Keyword(s):  
Contact Lens ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
Fundus Images ◽  
Fundus Imaging ◽  
Point Spread ◽  
Spread Function ◽  
Dependent Point

Abstract As for the diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases, an ideal fundus imaging system is expected to be portability, low cost, and high resolution. Here, we demonstrate a non-mydriatic near-infrared fundus imaging system with light illumination from an electronic contact lens (E-lens). The E-lens can illuminate the retinal and choroidal structures for capturing the fundus images when voltage is applied wirelessly to the lens. And we also reconstruct the images with a depth-dependent point-spread function to suppress the scattering effect that eventually visualizes the clear fundus images.

Near-Infrared Spectroscopy with a Dispersive Waveguide Device

1997 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 880-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian R. Stallard ◽  
Robert K. Rowe ◽  
Arnold J. Howard ◽  
G. Ronald Hadley ◽  
Gregory A. Vawter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Discrete Source ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Organic Chemical ◽  
Ion Beam Etching ◽  
Spectral Dispersion ◽  
Metal Organic

Miniature, low-cost sensors are in demand for a variety of applications in industry, medicine, and environmental sciences. As a first step in developing such a sensor, we have etched a grating into a GaAs rib waveguide to serve as a wavelength-dispersive element. The device was fabricated with the techniques of metal-organic chemical vapor deposition, electron-beam lithography, optical lithography, and reactive ion-beam etching. While full integration is the eventual goal of this work, for the present, a functional spectrometer was constructed with the addition of a discrete source, sample cell, lenses, and detector. The waveguide spectrometer has a spectral resolution of 7.5 nm and a spectral dispersion of 0.11°/ nm. As presently configured, it functions in the spectral range of 1500 to 1600 nm. A demonstration of the analytical capability of the waveguide spectrometer is presented. The problem posed is the determination of diethanol amine in an ethanol solution (about 10 to 100 g/L). This procedure involves the detection of the first overtone of the NH stretch at 1545 nm in a moderately absorbing solvent background. The standard error of prediction for the determination was 5.4 g/L.

scholarly journals Fast Determination of the Rubber Content in Taraxacum Kok-Saghyz Fresh Biomass Using Portable Near Infrared Spectroscopy and Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Chen ◽  
Dong Yiyang ◽  
Xiang Ma ◽  
Jiaru Li ◽  
Minmin Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rubber Content ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography

Abstract Background: Taraxacum kok-saghyz (TKS), a plant native to the Tianshan valley on the border between China and Kazakhstan and inherently rich in natural rubber, inulin and other bioactive ingredients, is an important industrial crop. TKS rubber is a good substitute for natural rubber. TKS's breeding work necessitates the need to screen high-yielding varieties, hence rapid determination of rubber content is essential for the screening. Conventional analytical methods cannot meet actual needs in terms of real-time testing and economic cost. Near-infrared spectroscopy analysis technology, which has developed rapidly in the field of industrial process analysis in recent years, is a green detection technology with obvious merits of fast measurement speed, low cost and no sample loss. This research aims to develop a portable non-destructive near-infrared spectroscopic detection scheme to evaluate the content of natural rubber in TKS fresh roots. Pyrolysis gas chromatography (PyGC), was chosen as the reference method for the development of NIR prediction model. Results: 208 TKS fresh root samples were collected from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China. Near-infrared spectra were acquired for all samples. Randomly two-thirds of them were selected as the calibration set, the remaining one-third as the verification set, and the partial least squares method was successfully used to establish a good NIR prediction model at 1080-1800nm with a performance to deviation ratio (RPD) of 5.54 and coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.95. Conclusions: This study showed that portable near-infrared spectroscopy could be used with ease for large-scale screening of TKS plants in farmland, and could greatly facilitate TKS germplasm preservation, high-yield cultivation, environment-friendly, high-efficiency and low-cost rubber extraction, and comprehensive advancement of the dandelion rubber industry thereof.

scholarly journals The Relative Performance of a Benchtop Scanning Monochromator and Handheld Fourier Transform Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectrometer in Predicting Forage Nutritive Value

Sensors ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 658
Author(s):  
Matthew F. Digman ◽  
Jerry H. Cherney ◽  
Debbie J. R. Cherney
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Average Decrease ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques

Advanced manufacturing techniques have enabled low-cost, on-chip spectrometers. Little research exists, however, on their performance relative to the state of technology systems. The present study compares the utility of a benchtop FOSS NIRSystems 6500 (FOSS) to a handheld NeoSpectra-Scanner (NEO) to develop models that predict the composition of dried and ground grass, and alfalfa forages. Mixed-species prediction models were developed for several forage constituents, and performance was assessed using an independent dataset. Prediction models developed with spectra from the FOSS instrument had a standard error of prediction (SEP, % DM) of 1.4, 1.8, 3.3, 1.0, 0.42, and 1.3, for neutral detergent fiber (NDF), true in vitro digestibility (IVTD), neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), and crude protein (CP), respectively. The R2P for these models ranged from 0.90 to 0.97. Models developed with the NEO resulted in an average increase in SEP of 0.14 and an average decrease in R2P of 0.002.

scholarly journals Sustainable, Rapid Synthesis of Bright-Luminescent CuInS2-ZnS Alloyed Nanocrystals: Multistage Nano-xenotoxicity Assessment and Intravital Fluorescence Bioimaging in Zebrafish-Embryos

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Shashank Chetty ◽  
S. Praneetha ◽  
Sandeep Basu ◽  
Chetana Sachidanandan ◽  
A. Vadivel Murugan
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Fluorescence Bioimaging ◽  
Rapid Labeling

Abstract Near-infrared (NIR) luminescent CuInS2-ZnS alloyed nanocrystals (CIZS-NCs) for highly fluorescence bioimaging have received considerable interest in recent years. Owing, they became a desirable alternative to heavy-metal based-NCs and organic dyes with unique optical properties and low-toxicity for bioimaging and optoelectronic applications. In the present study, bright and robust CIZS-NCs have been synthesized within 5 min, as-high-as 230 °C without requiring any inert-gas atmosphere via microwave-solvothermal (MW-ST) method. Subsequently, the in vitro and in vivo nano-xenotoxicity and cellular uptake of the MUA-functionalized CIZS-NCs were investigated in L929, Vero, MCF7 cell lines and zebrafish-embryos. We observed minimal toxicity and acute teratogenic consequences upto 62.5 μg/ml of the CIZS-NCs in zebrafish-embryos. We also observed spontaneous uptake of the MUA-functionalized CIZS-NCs by 3 dpf older zebrafish-embryos that are evident through bright red fluorescence-emission at a low concentration of 7.8 μg/mL. Hence, we propose that the rapid, low-cost, large-scale “sustainable” MW-ST synthesis of CIZS-NCs, is an ideal bio-nanoprobe with good temporal and spatial resolution for rapid labeling, long-term in vivo tracking and intravital-fluorescence-bioimaging (IVBI).

Clinical applications of spectroscopic techniques in conjunction with multivariate analysis in virus diagnosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Marfran C. D. Santos ◽  
João V. M. Mariz ◽  
Raissa V. O. Silva ◽  
Camilo L. M. Morais ◽  
Kássio M. G. Lima
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Molecular Fluorescence ◽  
Viral Diagnosis ◽  
Near Future

In view of the global pandemic that started in 2020, caused by COVID-19, the importance of the existence of fast, reliable, cheap diagnostic techniques capable of detecting the virus even in the first days of infection became evident. This review discusses studies involving the use of spectroscopic techniques in the detection of viruses in clinical samples. Techniques based on mid-infrared, near-infrared, Raman, and molecular fluorescence are explained and it was demonstrated how they can be used in conjunction with computational tools of multivariate analysis to build models capable of detecting viruses. Studies that used real clinical samples from 2011 to 2021 were analyzed. The results demonstrate the potential of the techniques in detecting viruses. Spectroscopic techniques, as well as chemometric techniques, were also explained. Viral diagnosis based on spectroscopy has interesting advantages compared to standard techniques such as: fast results, no need for reagents, non-destructiveness for the sample, no need for sample preparation, relatively low cost, among others. Several studies have corroborated the real possibility that, in the near future, we may have spectroscopic tools being successfully applied in viral diagnosis.

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