scholarly journals Detecting Defects in Photovoltaic Cells and Panels With the Help of Time-Resolved Thermography Under Outdoor Environmental Conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Schuss ◽  
Kari Remes ◽  
Kimmo Leppanen ◽  
Juha Saarela ◽  
Tapio Fabritius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Time Resolved

Interpreting unique colloidal response of TiO2 nanomaterials to controlled sonication for understanding of their assembly configuration in water

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1768-1775
Author(s):  
Siyang Wu ◽  
Hyeok Choi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Fate And Transport ◽  
Intrinsic Property ◽  
Engineered Nanomaterials ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Tio2 Particles ◽  
Transport Behavior ◽  
Tio2 Nanomaterials

It is important to determine the assembly configuration of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) because assembly configuration influences their fate and transport behavior in the aquatic environment. Aggregated particles are more subject to segregation upon changes of environmental conditions (and vice versa) than agglomerated particles. As a strategic tool for investigating the time-resolved reversible segregating and assembling behavior of ENMs and thus estimating their assembly configuration, a controlled sonication process was proposed. It was hypothesized that the unique colloidal response of ENMs to sonication, with respect to changes in size, might be their intrinsic property associated with assembly configuration. As a model ENM, three different TiO2 particles with unique properties (commercial P-25 and UV 100 and home-made (HM) TiO2) were examined with programmed sonication processes under various environmental settings. When they were dispersed in water, all TiO2 particles tested obviously assembled to form much larger clusters. Size of P-25 decreased immediately upon sonication and did not change under the subsequent quiescence step while sizes of UV 100 and HM gradually decreased and then slowly recovered back to their initial sizes. The trend was generally observed in all conditions tested. The unique colloidal response of TiO2 could be explained by its properties associated with assembly configuration.

scholarly journals Time-resolved, nonequilibrium carrier dynamics in Si-on-glass thin films for photovoltaic cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 045006 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Serafini ◽  
Yunus Akbas ◽  
Lucas Crandall ◽  
Robert Bellman ◽  
Carlo Kosik Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Carrier Dynamics ◽  
Nonequilibrium Carrier ◽  
Time Resolved

Time-Resolved Photocurrent Measurements on PbS Nanocrystal Schottky-Contact Photovoltaic Cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 178-179 ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Ralph Rothemund ◽  
Susanne Kreuzer ◽  
Thomas Fromherz ◽  
Wolfgang Jantsch
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Schottky Contact ◽  
Carrier Generation ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Pbs Nanocrystals ◽  
Infrared Spectral ◽  
Spectrally Resolved ◽  
Absorbance Spectra

We fabricated and characterized NIR-active Schottky-contact solar cells with PbS nanocrystals (NCs) as the active medium. The photovoltaic e ffect is due to carrier generation in the PbS NCs as proven by the comparison of the spectrally-resolved external quantum effciency of the devices and absorbance spectra of the PbS NCs. The operative regime is extended well beyond the Si bandgap into the infrared spectral region up to 1500 nm limited by our measurement setup. One sun I-V and time-resolved photocurrent measurements help to identify critical solar cell parameters for the further improvement of PbS NC Schottky-contact solar cells.

Theoretical Performance Characteristics of Wearable Thermoelectric Generators

2010 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Leonov
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Thermoelectric Generators ◽  
Heat Generator ◽  
Theoretical Performance

The theory of thermal matching of a thermoelectric generator with the environment has been applied in this work to a wearable thermoelectric generator. This enabled evaluation of its top performance characteristics in typical environmental conditions. To correctly perform the modeling, the relevant properties of the human body as a heat generator for a small-size thermoelectric generator have been studied and presented in the paper as well. The results have been practically validated in different wearable thermoelectric generators. In particular, a power over 1 mW per square centimeter of the skin has been practically demonstrated on a walking person at ambient temperature of –2 °C. The comparison with wearable photovoltaic cells shows that in typical situations thermoelectric generators provide at least ten times more power.

scholarly journals The Effect of Cooling on the Performance of Photovoltaic Cells under Dusty Environmental Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 2383-2386 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aldihani ◽  
A. Aldossary ◽  
S. Mahmoud ◽  
R.K. AL-Dadah
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells

Photoelectrochemical properties of donor-acceptor nanocomposite films composed of porphyrin-functionalized cup-shaped nanocarbon materials

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (05) ◽  
pp. 452-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masataka Ohtani ◽  
Shunichi Fukuzumi
Keyword(s):  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Properties ◽  
Deposition Method ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Performance ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Photocurrent Generation ◽  
Nanocarbon Materials ◽  
Donor Acceptor

Porphyrin-functionalized cup-shaped nanocarbons (CNC-H2P) have been assembled onto nanostructured SnO2 films using an electrophoretic deposition method to examine the photoelectrochemical properties. The obtained CNC-H2P nanohybrid films were examined by a series of steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic measurements and photoelectrochemical measurements. The resulting nanohybrid film afforded drastic enhancement in the photoelectrochemical performance as well as broader photoresponse in the visible region as compared with the reference CNC system without porphyrins. The enhancement of photocurrent generation may be caused by the efficient electron injection from the long-lived charge-separated state of CNC-H2P upon photoexcitation. This feature makes cup-shaped nanocarbon materials a useful candidate for developing efficient photoelectrochemical and photovoltaic cells.

Controlling photoinduced degradation in plastic photovoltaic cells: A time-resolved energy dispersive x-ray reflectometry study

2006 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 043507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Paci ◽  
Amanda Generosi ◽  
Valerio Rossi Albertini ◽  
Paolo Perfetti ◽  
Remi de Bettignies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray

Microtubule nucleation sequence studied by time-resolved x-ray scattering and electron microscopy

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 766-767
Author(s):  
Eva-Maria Mandelkow ◽  
Eckhard Mandelkow ◽  
Joan Bordas
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Microtubule Growth ◽  
Ray Patterns ◽  
Ray Scattering

When a solution of microtubule protein is changed from non-polymerising to polymerising conditions (e.g. by temperature jump or mixing with GTP) there is a series of structural transitions preceding microtubule growth. These have been detected by time-resolved X-ray scattering using synchrotron radiation, and they may be classified into pre-nucleation and nucleation events. X-ray patterns are good indicators for the average behavior of the particles in solution, but they are difficult to interpret unless additional information on their structure is available. We therefore studied the assembly process by electron microscopy under conditions approaching those of the X-ray experiment. There are two difficulties in the EM approach: One is that the particles important for assembly are usually small and not very regular and therefore tend to be overlooked. Secondly EM specimens require low concentrations which favor disassembly of the particles one wants to observe since there is a dynamic equilibrium between polymers and subunits.

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