Theoretical Performance Characteristics of Wearable Thermoelectric Generators

Photovoltaic Cells ◽

Performance Characteristics ◽

Heat Generator ◽

Theoretical Performance

The theory of thermal matching of a thermoelectric generator with the environment has been applied in this work to a wearable thermoelectric generator. This enabled evaluation of its top performance characteristics in typical environmental conditions. To correctly perform the modeling, the relevant properties of the human body as a heat generator for a small-size thermoelectric generator have been studied and presented in the paper as well. The results have been practically validated in different wearable thermoelectric generators. In particular, a power over 1 mW per square centimeter of the skin has been practically demonstrated on a walking person at ambient temperature of –2 °C. The comparison with wearable photovoltaic cells shows that in typical situations thermoelectric generators provide at least ten times more power.

Optimisation of Wearable Thermoelectric Generators

PAM Review Energy Science & Technology ◽

10.5130/pamr.v6i0.1543 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 2-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alexander P Condos ◽

Leo Zimaras ◽

Jacob Marlow ◽

Mutiara Kurniawan

Keyword(s):

Human Body ◽

The Body ◽

Temperature Differential ◽

Thermoelectric Devices ◽

Manufacturing Method ◽

Heat Spreaders ◽

Specific Position ◽

Area Use

This meta-study explores some factors that can potentially affect the efficiency of a wearable thermoelectric generator. These include, but are not limited to; doping percentage, manufacturing technology, thermocouple length, area, use of heat spreaders, material, airflow and specific position on the human body. These specific designs and materials have been reviewed in this paper and specific variables have been proposed to ensure greater efficiency. In this meta- study, Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 and Ag2Se are found to be the most effective materials, with PVD as the most effective manufacturing method. A broad temperature differential generates greater power output. Practically, a condition where there is a difference in temperature of more than 40K between the body and its environment in the application of wearable thermoelectric devices is unlikely. Despite this, a temperature difference below 40K, although small, is extremely feasible and would be able to enough power to keep intended wearable thermoelectric devices running at a constant. Keywords: Thermoelectric; Seebeck Effect; Peltier; TEG; ZT; Wearable

The Distribution of Wind and Temperature on Theoretical Routes at Concorde Cruising Level

Journal of Navigation ◽

10.1017/s0373463300020774 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 505-521

Author(s):

H. P. Jeffreys

Keyword(s):

Ambient Temperature ◽

Wind Velocity ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

World Wide ◽

Meteorological Data ◽

Performance Characteristics ◽

Flight Planning ◽

Expected Performance ◽

Aircraft Type ◽

Selection Of

The introduction by an airline of a new aircraft type into passenger service, the inclusion of a new route in a world-wide network, or the adoption of new cruising flight levels, are preceded by extensive route analyses and flight planning studies. The known or expected performance characteristics of the aircraft are matched against statistics of wind velocity and ambient temperature, in order to derive estimates of sector times, fuel requirements and payload capacities. This paper refers to some of the sources of the meteorological data hitherto employed for this purpose and presents the results of a recent airline study of environmental conditions at Concorde cruising levels on a selection of routes.

INFLUENCE OF AMBIENT TEMPERATURE ON CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENTS OF THE HUMAN BODY

Environmental Engineering and Management Journal ◽

10.30638/eemj.2011.072 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 511-517 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Calin Corciova ◽

Radu Ciorap ◽

Dan Zaharia ◽

Alexandru Salceanu

Keyword(s):

Ambient Temperature ◽

Human Body ◽

Impedance Measurements

Topology optimized thermoelectric generator: a parametric study

Energy Harvesting and Systems ◽

10.1515/ehs-2021-0002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

John Mativo ◽

Kevin Hallinan ◽

Uduak George ◽

Greg Reich ◽

Robin Steininger

Keyword(s):

Topology Optimization ◽

Volume Fraction ◽

Power Conversion ◽

Power Production ◽

Power Reduction ◽

Void Volume Fraction ◽

Maximal Power ◽

Design Yield

Abstract Typical thermoelectric generator legs are brittle which limits their application in vibratory and shear environments. Research is conducted to develop compliant thermoelectric generators (TEGs) capable of converting thermal loads to power, while also supporting shear and vibratory loads. Mathematical structural, thermal, and power conversion models are developed. Topology optimization is employed to tailor the TEG design yield maximal power production while sustaining the applied shear and vibratory loads. As a specific example, results are presented for optimized TEG legs with a void volume fraction of 0.2 that achieve compliance shear displacement of 0.0636 (from a range of 0.0504 to 0.6079). In order to achieve the necessary compliance to support the load, the power reduction is reduced by 20% relative to similarly sized void free TEG legs.

Silk fabric-based wearable thermoelectric generator for energy harvesting from the human body

Applied Energy ◽

10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.11.038 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 164 ◽

pp. 57-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 141

Author(s):

Zhisong Lu ◽

Huihui Zhang ◽

Cuiping Mao ◽

Chang Ming Li

Keyword(s):

Energy Harvesting ◽

Human Body ◽

Silk Fabric

Avaliação de Tratamentos de Superação de Dormência em Sementes do Delonix regia (Boger ex Hook.) Raf coletadas no Horto Florestal Tote Garcia, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso

Ensaios e Ciência C Biológicas Agrárias e da Saúde ◽

10.17921/1415-6938.2017v21n1p48-51 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 48

Author(s):

Ana Carolina Amorim Marques ◽

Osvaldo Borges Pinto Junior ◽

Vera Lucia Lopes Vieira

Keyword(s):

Ambient Temperature ◽

Thermal Shock ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Economic Value ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Delonix Regia ◽

Breaking Dormancy ◽

Manual Counting ◽

The Family ◽

Temperature Water

A árvore Delonix regia (flamboyant) pertence à família Fabaceae, subfamília Caesalpinioideae, originário da ilha de Madagascar. Tem potencial valor econômico ornamental, pois se trata de uma espécie extremamente florífera e exuberante, indicada para programas de arborização, como parques, praças e jardins, sendo inadequada para ruas e avenidas, devido a suas raízes serem caracterizadas como superficiais. Essa espécie exótica, adaptada as condições ambientais de clima tropical, tem porte de 10 – 12m de altura, de tronco volumoso, espesso, com raízes tabulares. Por apresentar características de dormência tegumentar, este trabalho teve objetivo de avaliar alguns tratamentos para superação de dormência das sementes do Delonix regia. O experimento foi do tipo quantitativo, em que as sementes foram submetidas a três tratamentos e uma testemunha, em um total de 4 tratamentos, com 75 sementes cada. A emergência foi observada in locu, por meio de contagem manual. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: escarificação mecânica com lixa (n° 120); imersão em água em temperatura ambiente por 72 horas, choque térmico com imersão das sementes em água a 80 ºC por 05 min e a testemunha em que não houve nenhuma intervenção. Observou-se que a escarificação mecânica e o choque térmico proporcionaram os melhores resultados para superação de dormência das sementes do Delonix regia.Palavras-chave: Paisagismo. Dormência. Emergência.AbstractThe tree Delonix regia (flamboyant) belongs to the family Fabaceae, subfamily Caesalpinioideae, originally from the island of Madagascar. It has the potential ornamental economic value, because it is an extremely floriferous and exuberant species suitable for reforestations programs such as parks,and gardens, being inappropriate for streets and avenues, because its roots are characterized as superficial. This exotic species, adapted to the environmental conditions of tropical climate, reaches size of 10-12 m tall, large trunk, dense with tabular roots. It is renowned for being an extremely floriferous and exuberant species. By presenting cutaneous numbness characteristics, the objective of this study was to evaluate some treatments to overcome dormancy of seeds Delonix regia. The experiment was the quantitative type, in which the seeds were subjectedto three treatments and a control, a total of 4 treatments with 75 seeds each. The emergence was observed in locus through manual counting. The treatments were mechanical scarification with sandpaper (#120); immersion in ambient temperature water for 72 hours, thermal shock deep soaking the seeds in water at 80 °C for 5 minutes and the control, which had no intervention. It was observed that the mechanical scarification and thermal shock provided the best results for breaking dormancy of seeds Delonix regia.Keywords: Landscaping. Emergency Seedling. Dormancy

Experimental Study of Thermoelectric Generators

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.663.299 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 663 ◽

pp. 299-303 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ubaidillah ◽

Suyitno ◽

Imam Ali ◽

Eko Prasetya Budiana ◽

Wibawa Endra Juwana

Keyword(s):

Output Voltage ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Data Logger ◽

Computer Data ◽

Standard Module ◽

Self Powered ◽

Resistive Loads ◽

The Relationship

Thermoelectric generator is solid-state device which convert temperature difference, ∆T into electrical energy based on Seebeck effect phenomenon. The device has been widely used in self-powered system applications. This paper focuses on presentation of methodology for characterizing thermoelectric generators. The measurement of its behavior is performed by varying load resistances. A standard module of thermoelectric generator (TEC1-12710) is used in examination and an instrument setup consists of controllable heat source, controllable cooler, personal computer, data logger MCC DAQ USB-1208LS equipped with two sets of K-type thermocouples. The experiment is performed by measuring output voltage and output current in 4 values of temperature gradient by applying 10 values of resistive loads connected to the thermoelectric output wires. The common parameters studied in this research are output voltage, current and power. Generally, the relationship between parameters agrees with the basic theory and the procedure can be adopted for characterizing other type of thermoelectric generator.

Flexible film-based thermoelectric generators

MRS Advances ◽

10.1557/adv.2019.256 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (30) ◽

pp. 1691-1697

Author(s):

Shuping Lin ◽

Wei Zeng ◽

Lisha Zhang ◽

Xiaoming Tao

Keyword(s):

Seebeck Coefficient ◽

Low Cost ◽

Polystyrene Sulfonate ◽

Paper Substrate ◽

Thermoelectric Element ◽

Flexible Film ◽

P Type ◽

Flexible Thermoelectric

ABSTRACT:The present work highlights the progress in the field of flexible thermoelectric generator (f-TEGs) fabricated by 3-D printing strategy on the typing paper substrate. In this study, printable thermoelectric paste was developed. The dimension of each planer thermoelectric element is 30mm*4mm with a thickness of 50 μm for P-type Bismuth Tellurium (Bi2Te3)-based/ poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) leg. A single thermoleg with this dimension can generate a voltage of 5.38 mV at a temperature difference of 70 K. The calculated Seebeck Coefficient of a single thermoleg is 76.86 μV/K. This work demonstrates that low-cost printing technology is promising for the fabrication of f-TEGs.

Impact of SiO2 Particles in Polyethylene Textile Membrane for Indoor Personal Heating

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano10101968 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1968

Author(s):

Mohamed Boutghatin ◽

Salim Assaf ◽

Yan Pennec ◽

Michèle Carette ◽

Vincent Thomy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Ambient Temperature ◽

Human Body ◽

Synthetic Polymer ◽

Radiative Heating ◽

Submicron Particles ◽

Thermal Heating ◽

Mid Infrared ◽

Transmission Properties ◽

Common Strategy

Keeping the human body in a thermal comfort state inside a room has become a challenge in recent years. While the most common strategy is to heat buildings, it requires a lot of energy. Reducing this energy consumption will have positive impacts, both economically and environmentally. We propose here to act directly on the personal thermal heating of the human body, by modulating the absorption and transmission properties of a synthetic polymer membrane in the mid-infrared (MIR). We show numerically that 5% SiO2 submicron particles inserted in polyethylene (PE) and nanoporous polyethylene (nanoPE) membranes increase the radiative heating of the membrane, reducing the required ambient temperature of a room by more than 1.1 °C. The proposed membrane can be flexible enough to be easily integrated into conventional textiles.