Integrated relative navigation using a low cost vision sensor for an autonomous aerial vehicle

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukchang Yun ◽  
Sebum Chun ◽  
Sangkyung Sung ◽  
Young Jae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Relative Navigation ◽  
Vision Sensor ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

scholarly journals A Novel Electrically Small Ground-Penetrating Radar Patch Antenna with a Parasitic Ring for Respiration Detection

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1930
Author(s):  
Di Shi ◽  
Taimur Aftab ◽  
Gunnar Gidion ◽  
Fatma Sayed ◽  
Leonhard M. Reindl
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Gas Explosions ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Electromagnetic Characteristics ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Quick Search

An electrically small patch antenna with a low-cost high-permittivity ceramic substrate material for use in a ground-penetrating radar is proposed in this work. The antenna is based on a commercial ceramic 915 MHz patch antenna with a size of 25 × 25 × 4 mm3 and a weight of 12.9 g. The influences of the main geometric parameters on the antenna’s electromagnetic characteristics were comprehensively studied. Three bandwidth improvement techniques were sequentially applied to optimize the antenna: tuning the key geometric parameters, adding cuts on the edges, and adding parasitic radiators. The designed antenna operates at around 1.3 GHz and has more than 40 MHz continuous −3 dB bandwidth. In comparison to the original antenna, the −3 and −6 dB fractional bandwidth is improved by 1.8 times and 4 times, respectively. Two antennas of the proposed design together with a customized radar were installed on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for a quick search for survivors after earthquakes or gas explosions without exposing the rescue staff to the uncertain dangers of moving on the debris.

scholarly journals Tracking the Evolution of Riverbed Morphology on the Basis of UAV Photogrammetry

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 829
Author(s):  
Teresa Gracchi ◽  
Guglielmo Rossi ◽  
Carlo Tacconi Stefanelli ◽  
Luca Tanteri ◽  
Rolando Pozzani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Detection Analysis ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Fluvial Dynamics ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
One Year ◽  
Short Time

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry has recently become a widespread technique to investigate and monitor the evolution of different types of natural processes. Fluvial geomorphology is one of such fields of application where UAV potentially assumes a key role, since it allows for overcoming the intrinsic limits of satellite and airborne-based optical imagery on one side, and in situ traditional investigations on the other. The main purpose of this paper was to obtain extensive products (digital terrain models (DTMs), orthophotos, and 3D models) in a short time, with low costs and at a high resolution, in order to verify the capability of this technique to analyze the active geomorphic processes on a 12 km long stretch of the French–Italian Roia River at both large and small scales. Two surveys, one year apart from each other, were carried out over the study area and a change detection analysis was performed on the basis of the comparison of the obtained DTMs to point out and characterize both the possible morphologic variations related to fluvial dynamics and modifications in vegetation coverage. The results highlight how the understanding of different fluvial processes may be improved by appropriately exploiting UAV-based products, which can thus represent a low-cost and non-invasive tool to crucially support decisionmakers involved in land management practices.

Design, Fabrication and Flight Testing of a Surveillance UAV

2015 ◽  
Vol 1115 ◽  
pp. 450-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moumen Idres ◽  
Burhani Makame ◽  
Bala Nabil Ahmad ◽  
Saleh Naji ◽  
Ahmad Safiuddin
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Flight Test ◽  
Wing Loading ◽  
Rescue Operation ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Carbon Rods ◽  
Power Loading ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is becoming increasingly popular because it can perform variety of functions. These functions include surveillance, reconnaissance, monitoring, data collection and rescue operation. The purpose of this work is to design, fabricate and fly a low weight, low cost, small size UAV for a surveillance mission. The design is carried out based on Advanced Aircraft Analysis (AAA) software. The design process starts with the design specifications for a typical surveillance mission. Aircraft weight, wing loading and power loading were estimated in performance sizing process. Geometry was estimated using preliminary sizing. Aerodynamics of the aircraft was determined, which enabled the performance and stability to be analysed. If the desired performance is not achieved, the sizing is readjusted until a final design is reached. The aircraft was manufactured using foam, carbon rods, and fibreglass. The aircraft successfully flew at the first trial flight. This was followed by a successful flight with aerial photography. Keywords: UAV, design process, fabrication process, composite structure, flight test

scholarly journals GEOMATIC TECHNIQUES FOR THE OPTIMIZATION OF SKI RESOURCES

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B2-2020 ◽  
pp. 1009-1016
Author(s):  
I. Aicardi ◽  
S. Angeli ◽  
N. Grasso ◽  
A. M. Lingua ◽  
P. Maschio
Keyword(s):  
Heat Waves ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Heavy Rain ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Gnss Receivers ◽  
Processing Techniques

Abstract. Climate change is already affecting the entire world, with extreme weather conditions such as drought, heat waves, heavy rain, floods and landslides becoming more frequent, including Europe. In according to Paris agreement and relative European announcement of Carbon neutrality (by 2050), the saving of water and energy supplies is a fundamental aspect in the management of resources in production, sports, hospitality facilities and so on. Some methodologies for the optimization of the consumption of natural resources are required. This article describes an activity aimed at measuring, monitoring and analysing the thickness of the snowpack on the ski slopes during the winter season to permit a sustainable approach of snowmaking in alpine ski areas . The authors propose a methodology based on the integration of multitemporal surface (ground/snow) survey by Autonomous Aerial Vehicle (AAV) and low cost GNSS receivers mounted on snow groomers for a RTK (Real Time Kinematic) solution. To obtain a complete snow surface digital models with poor detailed images on ski slopes, some pre-processing techniques have been analysed to locally improve contrast and details with a local high pass filtering. The methodology has been employed in two study areas (Limone Piemonte, Prato Nevoso) located in the province of Cuneo, in the southern alpine area of Piedmont.

scholarly journals UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE APPLICATIONS OF 3D MODELLING, VISUALIZATION AND PARAMETER CALCULATIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-5 ◽  
pp. 649-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Lambey ◽  
A. D. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
Aerial Photogrammetry ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Uav Images ◽  
Economical Alternative

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Photogrammetric surveying with the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) have gained vast popularity in short span. UAV have the potential to provide imagery at an extraordinary spatial and temporal resolution when coupled with remote sensing. Currently, UAV platforms are fastest and easiest source of data for mapping and 3D modelling. It is to be considered as a low-cost substitute to the traditional airborne photogrammetry. In the present study, UAV applications are explored in terms of 3D modelling, visualization and parameter calculations. National Institute of Technology Raipur, Raipur is chosen as study area and high resolution images are acquired from the UAV with 85% overlap. 3D model is processed through the point cloud generated for the UAV images. The results are compared with traditional methods for validation. The average accuracy obtained for elevation points and area is 97.99% and 97.75%. The study proves that UAV based surveying is an economical alternative in terms of money, time and resources, when compared to the classical aerial photogrammetry methods.</p>

Low-cost terrain relative navigation for long-range AUVs

OCEANS 2008 ◽  
2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah K. Meduna ◽  
Stephen M. Rock ◽  
Rob McEwen
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Relative Navigation

The archaeological site of chellah, new technologies for investigation, modeling, and mapping.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman el guertet ◽  
Abdellatif aarab ◽  
Abdelkader larabi ◽  
Mohammed Jemmal ◽  
Sabah benchekroun
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Electrical Tomography ◽  
Geophysical Investigation ◽  
Islamic Period ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Modern Technologies

&lt;p&gt;archaeological sites have been always a subject of curiosity and search, the archaeologists and scientists from different specialties have been wondering about the origins of the man civilization, about the way our forefathers lived, how they nourished, dressed, and housed themselves, what techniques were used for the transport, the fishing, and the business, about the culture and the spiritual practices. in fact, the modern technologies, practices, and innovations are only a continuation of what was once; this is why the human being believes it is imperative to revive and understand the heritage and to discover its secrets. in the present work which pours in the same direction, we decided to revive and explore a wealthy site located in rabat, the Moroccan capital, this site is named chellah, which represents the summing up of historical eras from the antiquity to the Islamic period and which is marked by the presence of antique and Islamic constructions which reflect this continuity. our research aims to build a model for the detection of areas that are not yet excavated but are already mentioned by archaeologists, geographers, and historians to validate their hypothesis and to find out where exactly these areas are located. our methodology is based on the processing of unmanned aerial vehicle&lt;strong&gt; (uav)&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;#160;images to generate high-resolution photogrammetric products with low cost, those datasets will be analyzed with a technique that has been in use since the '80s and which is using crop, soil, and shadow marks visualized on images taken by aerial photography. this analysis gave us the vision to select the zones on which a geophysical investigation by electrical tomography was carried out to approve the presence of the archeological components that require future excavation. our study focused on the importance of non-invasive methodologies for the study, preservation, and valorization of archaeological sites.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Suitability of a Non-Dispersive Infrared Methane Sensor Package for Flux Quantification Using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (21) ◽  
pp. 4705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Shah ◽  
Joseph Pitt ◽  
Khristopher Kabbabe ◽  
Grant Allen
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Mole Fraction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Methane Flux ◽  
Gain Factor ◽  
Measured Signal ◽  
Allan Deviation ◽  
Methane Sensor ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Flux Quantification

Point-source methane emission flux quantification is required to help constrain the global methane budget. Facility-scale fluxes can be derived using in situ methane mole fraction sampling, near-to-source, which may be acquired from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform. We test a new non-dispersive infrared methane sensor by mounting it onto a small UAV, which flew downwind of a controlled methane release. Nine UAV flight surveys were conducted on a downwind vertical sampling plane, perpendicular to mean wind direction. The sensor was first packaged in an enclosure prior to sampling which contained a pump and a recording computer, with a total mass of 1.0 kg. The packaged sensor was then characterised to derive a gain factor of 0.92 ± 0.07, independent of water mole fraction, and an Allan deviation precision (at 1 Hz) of ±1.16 ppm. This poor instrumental precision and possible short-term drifts made it non-trivial to define a background mole fraction during UAV surveys, which may be important where any measured signal is small compared to sources of instrumental uncertainty and drift. This rendered the sensor incapable of deriving a meaningful flux from UAV sampling for emissions of the order of 1 g s−1. Nevertheless, the sensor may indeed be useful when sampling mole fraction enhancements of the order of at least 10 ppm (an order of magnitude above the 1 Hz Allan deviation), either from stationary ground-based sampling (in baseline studies) or from mobile sampling downwind of sources with greater source flux than those observed in this study. While many methods utilising low-cost sensors to determine methane flux are being developed, this study highlights the importance of adequately characterising and testing all new sensors before they are used in scientific research.

scholarly journals Application of Shore-Based Video and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (Drones): Complementary Tools for Beach Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatus Bapentire Angnuureng ◽  
Philip-Neri Jayson-Quashigah ◽  
Rafael Almar ◽  
Thomas Christian Stieglitz ◽  
Edward Jamal Anthony ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Camera Systems ◽  
Camera View ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
One Year ◽  
Video Camera System ◽  
Good Agreement

Video camera systems have been used over nearly three decades to monitor coastal dynamics. They facilitate a high-frequency analysis of spatiotemporal shoreline mobility. Video camera usage to measure beach intertidal profile evolution has not been standardized globally and the capacity to obtain accurate results requires authentication using various techniques. Applications are mostly site specific due to differences in installation. The present study examines the accuracy of intertidal topographic data derived from a video camera system compared to data acquired with unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV, or drone) surveys of a reflective beach. Using one year of 15-min video data and one year of monthly UAV observations, the intertidal profile shows a good agreement. Underestimations of intertidal profile elevations by the camera-based method are possibly linked to the camera view angle, rectification and gaps in data. The resolution of the video-derived intertidal topographic profiles confirmed, however, the suitability of the method in providing beach mobility surveys matching those required for a quantitative analysis of nearshore changes. Beach slopes were found to vary between 0.1 and 0.7, with a steep slope in May to July 2018 and a gentle slope in December 2018. Large but short-scale beach variations occurred between August 2018 and October 2018 and corresponded to relatively high wave events. In one year, this dynamic beach lost 7 m. At this rate, and as also observed at other beaches nearby, important coastal facilities and infrastructure will be prone to erosion. The data suggest that a low-cost shore-based camera, particularly when used in a network along the coast, can produce profile data for effective coastal management in West Africa and elsewhere.

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