A key management for non-uniform security environment

Author(s):  
Huang Jin-Wang ◽  
Li Guang-Ming ◽  
Sheng Yan ◽  
Wu Zhong-Liang ◽  
Feng Jiu-Chao
Author(s):  
Yugashree Bhadane ◽  
Pooja Kadam

Now days, wireless technology is one of the center of attention for users and researchers. Wireless network is a network having large number of sensor nodes and hence called as “Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)”. WSN monitors and senses the environment of targeted area. The sensor nodes in WSN transmit data to the base station depending on the application. These sensor nodes communicate with each other and routing is selected on the basis of routing protocols which are application specific. Based on network structure, routing protocols in WSN can be divided into two categories: flat routing, hierarchical or cluster based routing, location based routing. Out of these, hierarchical or cluster based routing is becoming an active branch of routing technology in WSN. To allow base station to receive unaltered or original data, routing protocol should be energy-efficient and secure. To fulfill this, Hierarchical or Cluster base routing protocol for WSN is the most energy-efficient among other routing protocols. Hence, in this paper, we present a survey on different hierarchical clustered routing techniques for WSN. We also present the key management schemes to provide security in WSN. Further we study and compare secure hierarchical routing protocols based on various criteria.


2019 ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Oleh Poshedin

The purpose of the article is to describe the changes NATO undergoing in response to the challenges of our time. Today NATO, as a key element of European and Euro-Atlantic security, is adapting to changes in the modern security environment by increasing its readiness and ability to respond to any threat. Adaptation measures include the components required to ensure that the Alliance can fully address the security challenges it might face. Responsiveness NATO Response Force enhanced by developing force packages that are able to move rapidly and respond to potential challenges and threats. As part of it, was established a Very High Readiness Joint Task Force, a new Allied joint force that deploy within a few days to respond to challenges that arise, particularly at the periphery of NATO’s territory. NATO emphasizes, that cyber defence is part of NATO’s core task of collective defence. A decision as to when a cyber attack would lead to the invocation of Article 5 would be taken by the North Atlantic Council on a case-by-case basis. Cooperation with NATO already contributes to the implementation of national security and defense in state policy. At the same time, taking into account that all decision-making in NATO based on consensus, Ukraine’s membership in the Alliance quite vague perspective. In such circumstances, in Ukraine you often can hear the idea of announcement of a neutral status. It is worth reminding that non-aligned status did not save Ukraine from Russian aggression. Neutral status will not accomplish it either. All talks about neutrality and the impossibility of Ukraine joining NATO are nothing but manipulations, as well as recognition of the Ukrainian territory as Russian Federation area of influence (this country seeks to sabotage the Euro-Atlantic movement of Ukraine). Think about it, Moldova’s Neutrality is enshrined in the country’s Constitution since 1994. However, this did not help Moldova to restore its territorial integrity and to force Russia to withdraw its troops and armaments from Transnistria.


Author(s):  
Vairaprakash Gurusamy ◽  
◽  
S. Kannan ◽  
T. Maria Mahajan ◽  
◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Summer 2020) ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
Haris Bilal Malik ◽  
Muhammad Abbas Hassan

The longstanding unresolved issue of Kashmir serves as a nuclear flashpoint between India and Pakistan. Since 2019, the prevalent security environment of the region has dominated the discourse surrounding the regional and global security architecture. India’s policies during the Pulwama-Balakot crisis and the revocation of Kashmir’s constitutional status demonstrate the country’s intentions of dominating the escalation ladder in the region and marginalizing the muslim community of Kashmir. Because of the conventional disparity in South Asia where India is big interms of size, economy and military build-up, Pakistan has been further threatened by India’s aggressive policies and provocative military modernization. Consequently, Pakistan may be compelled to further revisit its nuclear threshold level to overcome India’s aggression.


2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Sufyan T. Faraj Al-janabi ◽  
Ali J. Dawood ◽  
Ekram H. Hassan

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document