Groove depth uniformization in [110] Si anisotropic etching by ultrasonic wave and application to accelerometer fabrication

Abstract Tread wear rates during first wear measured by groove depth and weight changes do not always agree. Sometimes, the groove depth method shows a high rate and the weight loss method a low rate. Reported here are experiments designed to determine if grooves show depth changes without wear. Four tires were measured before mounting on a wheel, after mounting and inflation, and after inflation and storage. The mounted and inflated tires showed shallower shoulder grooves and deeper center grooves than the unmounted tires. In a second experiment, tires were measured immediately after a tread wear test and then stored mounted for two weeks before remeasuring. Each groove became deeper, and there was no change in the crown radius of any tire.

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A Note on Patterns of Wear Within the Tread Area

Tire Science and Technology ◽

10.2346/1.2151012 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 3-13

Author(s):

F. C. Brenner ◽

A. Kondo

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Groove Depth ◽

Climatic Data ◽

Periodic Behavior ◽

Harmonic Content ◽

Straight Line ◽

Data Points

Abstract Tread wear data are frequently fitted by a straight line having average groove depth as the ordinate and mileage as the abscissa. The authors have observed that the data points are not randomly scattered about the line but exist in runs of six or seven points above the line followed by the same number below the line. Attempts to correlate these cyclic deviations with climatic data failed. Harmonic content analysis of the data for each individual groove showed strong periodic behavior. Groove 1, a shoulder groove, had two important frequencies at 40 960 and 20 480 km (25 600 and 12 800 miles); Grooves 2 and 3, the inside grooves, had important frequencies at 10 240, 13 760, and 20 480 km (6400, 8600, and 12 800 miles), with Groove 4 being similar. A hypothesis is offered as a possible explanation for the phenomenon.

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Ultrasonic Wave Detection in Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Using Fraunhofer Diffraction Effect

PIERS Online ◽

10.2529/piers091220031926 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 6 (7) ◽

pp. 636-639

Author(s):

Toshiyuki Nakamiya ◽

Fumiaki Mitsugi ◽

Shota Suyama ◽

Tomoaki Ikegami ◽

Yoshito Sonoda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ultrasonic Wave ◽

Atmospheric Pressure ◽

Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽

Diffraction Effect ◽

Fraunhofer Diffraction ◽

Wave Detection ◽

Pressure Plasma

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Pengaruh Variasi Waktu Paparan Gelombang Ultrasonik dalam Mengurangi Jumlah Bakteri coliform pada Sampel Air Sungai Kahayan

Risalah Fisika ◽

10.35895/rf.v4i1.168 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 9-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Neny Kurniawati, Kerelius, Sunariyati ◽

Luqman Hakim, Dyah Ayu Pramoda Wardani, Widya Krestina ◽

Dwi Tyas Setiawan, Ferry Purwanto, Diah K. Fatmala

Keyword(s):

Water Treatment ◽

River Water ◽

Ultrasonic Wave ◽

Exposure Time ◽

Water Samples ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Wave Exposure ◽

Test Results ◽

Time Data ◽

Grab Sampling

Abstrak – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh waktu paparan gelombang ultrasonik terhadap pengurangan jumlah koloni bakteri coliform pada sampel air sungai Kahayan. Pengambilan sampel air sungai dilakukan dengan teknik Grab Sampling menggunakan alat Kemmerer Sampler. Sampel air yang didapatkan diberikan paparan gelombang ultrasonik secara langsung, tanpa merubah kondisi lingkungan awal. Waktu paparan divariasikan pada 1 jam, 2 jam, 3 jam, 4 jam, dan 5 jam dengan frekuensi 40 kHz untuk memperoleh data waktu optimum. Uji coliform dilakukan dengan metode MPN, dengan tahapan uji pendugaan, uji penegasan, dan perhitungan koloni. Hasil uji MPN 24 jam setelah paparan menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan ultrasonik sebagai antibateri dapat optimum ketika diberikan paparan dengan waktu 3 jam, dengan efisiensi 96%. Kata kunci: antibakteri, coliform, ultrasonik, water treatment, sungai Kahayan Abstract – This study aims to examine the effect of ultrasonic wave exposure time on reducing the number of coliform bacterial colonies in the Kahayan river water samples. River water sampling is done using the Grab Sampling technique using the Kemmerer Sampler tool. The water samples obtained were given direct ultrasonic wave exposure, without changing the initial environmental conditions. The exposure time is varied in 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours and 5 hours with a frequency of 40 kHz to obtain optimum time data. Coliform test was carried out by the MPN method, with the stages of the estimation test, affirmation test, and colony calculation. The MPN test results 24 hours after exposure showed that the use of ultrasonic as an antibody can be optimum when given exposure with a time of 3 hours, with an efficiency of 96%.Keywords : antibakterial, coliform, ultrasonic, water treatment, Kahayan river

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Interaction of light with standing cylindrical ultrasonic wave in air

10.3728/icultrasonics.2007.vienna.1074_grulkowski_inv ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Ireneusz Grulkowski ◽

Dawid Jankowski ◽

Piotr Kwiek

Keyword(s):

Ultrasonic Wave

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A 2D Numerical Model of Ultrasonic Wave Propagation in Wooden Utility Poles Using Embedded Waveguide Excitation Technique

Wood and Fiber Science ◽

10.22382/wfs-2020-008 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 87-101

Author(s):

Yishi Lee ◽

Mohammad Mahoor ◽

Wayne Hall

Keyword(s):

Wave Propagation ◽

Numerical Model ◽

Ultrasonic Wave ◽

Ultrasonic Wave Propagation ◽

Utility Poles ◽

2D Numerical Model

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Numerical Analysis of the Bond Strength between Two Methacrylic Polymers by Surface Modification

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14143927 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (14) ◽

pp. 3927

Author(s):

Joanna Taczała ◽

Katarzyna Rak ◽

Jacek Sawicki ◽

Michał Krasowski

Keyword(s):

Numerical Analysis ◽

Bond Strength ◽

Angular Position ◽

Fem Analysis ◽

Groove Depth ◽

Chemical Reagent ◽

Shear Process ◽

3D Geometry ◽

The Right ◽

Artificial Teeth

The creation of acrylic dentures involves many stages. One of them is to prepare the surfaces of artificial teeth for connection with the denture plates. The teeth could be rubbed with a chemical reagent, the surface could be developed, or retention hooks could be created. Preparation of the surface is used to improve the bond between the teeth and the plate. Choosing the right combination affects the length of denture use. This work focuses on a numerical analysis of grooving. The purpose of this article is to select the shape and size of the grooves that would most affect the quality of the bond strength. Two types of grooves in different dimensional configurations were analyzed. The variables were groove depth and width, and the distance between the grooves. Finally, 24 configurations were obtained. Models were analyzed in terms of their angular position to the loading force. Finite element method (FEM) analysis was performed on the 3D geometry created, which consisted of two polymer bodies under the shear process. The smallest values of the stresses and strains were characterized by a sample with parallel grooves with the grooving dimensions width 0.20 mm, thickness 0.10 mm, and distance between the grooves 5.00 mm, placed at an angle of 90°. The best dimensions from the parallel (III) and cross (#) grooves were compared experimentally. Specimens with grooving III were not damaged in the shear test. The research shows that the shape of the groove affects the distribution of stresses and strains. Combining the selected method with an adequately selected chemical reagent can significantly increase the strength of the connection.

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