Mitochondrial dysfunction-a link between antibiotic use and increased risk of severe mental disorders?

2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (5) ◽  
pp. 499-499
Author(s):  
William T. Regenold
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Increased Risk

scholarly journals Analysis of the Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic on People with Severe Mental Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8549
Author(s):  
Antonio José Sánchez-Guarnido ◽  
Nuria Hidalgo ◽  
Jorge Arenas de la Cruz ◽  
Inmaculada Esteban ◽  
Silvia Mondón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions

For people with severe mental disorders (SMDs) the COVID-19 pandemic may pose a number of risks. These include the loss of needed care, a higher probability of infection, and the worsening of their mental health. To analyze the pandemic’s impact on care received, relapses, loss of employment, and adherence to preventive guidelines in SMD sufferers, a multicenter retrospective cohort study was carried out comparing 185 patients diagnosed with SMD and 85 with common disorders. The results showed that during lockdown, there was a significant reduction in face-to-face psychotherapeutic, nursing, and occupational therapy interventions. In the same period, telematic interventions were introduced which, although subsequently reduced, now continue to be used to a greater extent than before the pandemic. Employment decreased significantly (13% vs. 9.2%; χ2 = 126.228 p < 0.001). The percentage of people with SMD following preventive guidelines was significantly lower for both hand washing (56.2% vs. 75.3%; χ2 = 9.360, p = 0.002) and social distancing (47% vs. 63.5; χ2 = 6.423 p = 0.011). In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a reduction in the interventions that are needed for the recovery of people with SMDs, together with a significant loss of employment and an increased risk of contagion due to less adherence to preventive guidelines. In the future, appropriate attention to these people’s needs must be guaranteed.

Late preterm birth, post-term birth, and abnormal fetal growth as risk factors for severe mental disorders from early to late adulthood

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 985-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lahti ◽  
J. G. Eriksson ◽  
K. Heinonen ◽  
E. Kajantie ◽  
J. Lahti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Late Preterm ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Term Birth ◽  
Late Preterm Birth ◽  
Increased Risk

Background.Late preterm births constitute the majority of preterm births. However, most evidence suggesting that preterm birth predicts the risk of mental disorders comes from studies on earlier preterm births. We examined if late preterm birth predicts the risks of severe mental disorders from early to late adulthood. We also studied whether adulthood mental disorders are associated with post-term birth or with being born small (SGA) or large (LGA) for gestational age, which have been previously associated with psychopathology risk in younger ages.Method.Of 12 597 Helsinki Birth Cohort Study participants, born 1934–1944, 664 were born late preterm, 1221 post-term, 287 SGA, and 301 LGA. The diagnoses of mental disorders were identified from national hospital discharge and cause of death registers from 1969 to 2010. In total, 1660 (13.2%) participants had severe mental disorders.Results.Individuals born late preterm did not differ from term-born individuals in their risk of any severe mental disorder. However, men born late preterm had a significantly increased risk of suicide. Post-term birth predicted significantly increased risks of any mental disorder in general and particularly of substance use and anxiety disorders. Individuals born SGA had significantly increased risks of any mental and substance use disorders. Women born LGA had an increased risk of psychotic disorders.Conclusions.Although men born late preterm had an increased suicide risk, late preterm birth did not exert widespread effects on adult psychopathology. In contrast, the risks of severe mental disorders across adulthood were increased among individuals born SGA and individuals born post-term.

scholarly journals 304. Predictors of mortality in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales bacteremia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S150-S150
Author(s):  
Michael R Hovan ◽  
Vanessa Cedarbaum ◽  
Thomas Kirn ◽  
Thomas Kirn
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Empiric Therapy ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Threat Level ◽  
Infection Source ◽  
Microbiological Data

Abstract Background Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriales (CRE) bacteremia is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. CRE were assigned a threat level of “urgent” in the 2019 CDC report on antibiotic resistance in the United States. We attempted to identify predictors of 30-day mortality in patients with CRE bacteremia. Methods We performed a chart review of 146 patients with CRE bacteremia from January 2010 - July 2019. CRE was defined using the current CDC definition. Electronic medical records were reviewed to obtain clinical characteristics and outcomes including prior antibiotic use, comorbidities, prior location, treatment, hospital course, microbiological data and outcomes including in-hospital mortality. Results Of 146 patients included for analysis, the overall 30-day mortality rate was 36.3%. Patients admitted from a healthcare facility including outside hospitals, rehab, nursing homes, and LTACs had a 49.1% (29/59) 30-day mortality rate compared to 27.5% (24/87) for those admitted from home (RR=1.78, 95% CI 1.16–2.73, p=.0082). Patients with a Pitt bacteremia score ≥ 4 had a greater 30-day mortality rate (42.6%, 26/61) compared to those with a Pitt bacteremia score &lt; 4 (17.6%, 15/85) (RR=2.92, 95% CI 1.40–4.16, p=.0015). Patients that received inactive empiric therapy had a 30-day mortality rate of 36% (36/100) compared to 36.9% (17/46) in those that received active empiric therapy (RR=.9741, 95% CI .6155-1.59, p=.9109). Patients with isolates determined to have a meropenem MIC ≥ 4 had a 30-day mortality rate of 40.2% (37/92) while those with an MIC &lt; 4 had a 30-day mortality rate of 30.2% (16/53) (RR=1.33, 95% CI .8250–2.1513, p=.2408). A pulmonary source of bacteremia was associated with an increased risk of 30-day mortality (64.3%, 9/14) compared to all other sources of bacteremia (34.8%, 31/89) (RR=1.85, 95% CI 1.39–2.99, p=.0129). No other infection source was associated with an increased 30-day mortality rate. Conclusion Admission from a healthcare facility, Pitt bacteremia score ≥ 4, and pulmonary source of bacteremia were associated with increased risk of 30-day mortality. Interestingly, administration of active empiric therapy was not associated with a decreased mortality risk. Meropenem MIC was not predictive of 30-day mortality. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Risks of Major Mental Disorders and Irritable Bowel Syndrome among the Offspring of Parents with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Nationwide Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4679
Author(s):  
Ta-Chuan Yeh ◽  
Ya-Mei Bai ◽  
Shih-Jen Tsai ◽  
Tzeng-Ji Chen ◽  
Chih-Sung Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Early Implementation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional bowel disorder that is highly comorbid with mental disorders. However, few studies have examined the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD), and schizophrenia in the offspring of parents with IBS. We used nationally representative cross-sectional survey data to analyze cross-generational transmission patterns of both IBS and major mental disorders. Odds ratio (OR) was calculated by using logistic regression models with adjustment for potential confounding factors. Offspring of parents with IBS were more likely to develop IBS themselves (OR = 2.41, 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.09–2.78), ADHD (OR = 1.33, 95% CI, 1.08–1.62), and MDD (OR = 1.32, 95% CI, 1.04–1.68) than the controls. Data stratification by parental sex revealed that paternal IBS increased risk of ADHD (OR = 1.34, 95% CI, 1.01–1.77) in the offspring, while maternal IBS increased the risk of MDD (OR = 1.51, 95% CI, 1.11–2.06). This is the first study to reveal parental IBS is associated with IBS, ADHD, and MDD among offspring, suggesting the necessity for early implementation of prevention strategies for at-risk children.

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