Cognition and Psychopathology in Autoimmune Encephalitides – a focus on risk factors and patient outcomes.

Mucormycosis is a rare invasive fungal infection that affects immunocompromised patients and is fatal when not identified and treated early. Diagnosis is often delayed as the symptoms are nonspecific and frequently mimic other common diseases. Pediatric patients with cancer are at risk for the infection; however, there is limited research that applies directly to the pediatric population. An understanding of the risk factors and clinical presentation of mucormycosis is crucial for the pediatric oncology provider to initiate the workup and provide prompt treatment. The gold standard for diagnosing mucormycosis is biopsy; however, the use of polymerase chain reaction is a novel tool that is being investigated. The mainstays of treatment are antifungal medications, surgery, and reversal of predisposing risk factors, although, new therapies are also emerging. This article will review the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnostics of mucormycosis and will discuss current treatment and management strategies for the pediatric oncology clinician to allow for timely diagnosis and intervention to optimize patient outcomes.

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Intra‐patient variability in tacrolimus exposure in pediatric liver transplant recipients: Evolution, risk factors, and impact on patient outcomes

Pediatric Transplantation ◽

10.1111/petr.13388 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Charlotte Defrancq ◽

Nika De Wilde ◽

Ann Raes ◽

Stephanie Van Biervliet ◽

Saskia Vande Velde ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Liver Transplant ◽

Patient Outcomes ◽

Transplant Recipients ◽

Pediatric Liver ◽

Liver Transplant Recipients ◽

Pediatric Liver Transplant

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Delirium in practice today

Mental Health Clinician ◽

10.9740/mhc.n155504 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 (12) ◽

pp. 402-405

Author(s):

Jacquelyn E. Canning

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Intensive Care Units ◽

Patient Outcomes

Delirium occurs frequently in intensive care units (ICUs), and complicates treatment and patient outcomes. This article reviews risk factors, diagnosis, and guidelines for treatment of delirium in the ICU setting.

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EP164A Post-nephrostomy sepsis and septic shock rate, predictive risk factors and ways of improving patient outcomes – an audit

European Urology Supplements ◽

10.1016/s1569-9056(14)61392-0 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 174-175 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Horsu

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Septic Shock ◽

Patient Outcomes ◽

Shock Rate ◽

Predictive Risk ◽

Sepsis And Septic Shock

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Risk factors and patient outcomes in uremic vs nonuremic calciphylaxis

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology ◽

10.1016/j.jaad.2017.04.859 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 76 (6) ◽

pp. AB220

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Patient Outcomes

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Overview on Sclerodermal Renal Crisis

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i36b31954 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 88-95

Author(s):

Mahdi Ali M. Alyami ◽

Jalawi Talal A. Alotaibi ◽

Shahad Saad A. Aljoaid ◽

Tariq Bander F. Alanazi ◽

Waleed Farhan D. Alshammari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Renal Insufficiency ◽

Patient Outcomes ◽

Antihypertensive Medication ◽

Renal Damage ◽

Rare Condition ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Rare Diagnosis ◽

Renal Crisis

Usually, malignant high blood pressure and severe renal damage are main characters in SSc. SRCs is a relatively rare condition, found in approximately 5% of all SSc patients. This study was carried out to summarize the contemporary evidence regarding the causes, risk factors, manifestations, management and prognosis of Sclerodermal Renal Crisis‎.‎ a simple review was carried out, searching databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and EBSCO. The authors extracted the needed data and stated that SRCs continues to be a rare diagnosis affecting up to six percent of SSc patients, but has a high morbidity and death influence. SRCs presentation is varied, with hypertension, normal BP and renal insufficiency. Medics should be minded by potential SRCs presentations. Early detection and initiation of aggressive ACEi antihypertensive medication in ED could enhance patient outcomes and around 60% of SRCs patients need dialysis.

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137. Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Interventions on Post-Elective Caesarean Antibiotic Prophylaxis and Surgical Site Infections

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofab466.339 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S182-S182

Author(s):

Xue Fen Valerie Seah ◽

Yue Ling Rina Ong ◽

Wei Ming Cedric Poh ◽

Shahul Hameed Mohamed Siraj ◽

Kai-Qian Kam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽

Patient Outcomes ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Surgical Site Infections ◽

Phase 2 ◽

Oral Antibiotics ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Phase 3 ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP) aim to improve appropriate antimicrobial use. Post-operative antibiotics are generally not necessary, especially those without surgical site infections risk factors (e.g. obesity). Few studies have described the impact of ASP interventions on patient outcomes especially in unique populations such as obstetrics. This study aims to evaluate the impact of ASP interventions on post-elective caesarean (eLSCS) oral antibiotic prophylaxis use and patient outcomes including SSI rates. Methods This pre-post quasi-experimental study was conducted over 9 months (2 months pre- and 7 months post-intervention) in all women admitted for eLSCS in our institution. Interventions included eLSCS surgical prophylaxis guideline dissemination, where a single antibiotic dose within 60 minutes before skin incision was recommended. Post-eLSCS oral antibiotics was actively discouraged in those without SSI risk factors. This was followed by ASP intervention notes (phase 1) for 3 months, and an additional phone call to the ward team for the next 7 months (phase 2). Phase 3 (next 6 months) constituted speaking to the operating consultant. The primary outcome was post-operative oral antibiotics prescription rates. Secondary outcomes included rates of 30-day post-operative SSI. Results A total of 1751 women was reviewed. Appropriateness of pre-operative antibiotic prophylaxis was 98% in our institution. There were 244 women pre-intervention, 274 in post-intervention phase 1, 658 in phase 2 and 575 in phase 3. Pre-intervention post-eLSCS antibiotic prescribing rates was 82% (200), which reduced significantly post-intervention to 54% (148) in phase 1, 50% (331) in phase 2 and 39% (226) in phase 3 (p< 0.001). There was no significant difference in patients who developed post-operative SSI pre-post intervention (0.8%, 2 of 242 vs. 1.9%, 28 of 1479, p=0.420) and among who received post-operative oral antibiotics compared to those without (1.9%, 17 of 905 vs. 1.5%, 13 of 846, p=0.582). Conclusion ASP interventions can reduce post-eLSCS antibiotic prophylaxis rates without adversely impacting patient safety. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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Root Causes of Fungal Coinfections in COVID-19 Infected Patients

Infectious Disease Reports ◽

10.3390/idr13040093 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 1018-1035

Author(s):

Arman Amin ◽

Artin Vartanian ◽

Nicole Poladian ◽

Alexander Voloshko ◽

Aram Yegiazaryan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Mechanical Ventilation ◽

Patient Outcomes ◽

Fungal Pathogens ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Favorable Conditions

COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has infected over 200 million people, causing over 4 million deaths. COVID-19 infection has been shown to lead to hypoxia, immunosuppression, host iron depletion, hyperglycemia secondary to diabetes mellitus, as well as prolonged hospitalizations. These clinical manifestations provide favorable conditions for opportunistic fungal pathogens to infect hosts with COVID-19. Interventions such as treatment with corticosteroids and mechanical ventilation may further predispose COVID-19 patients to acquiring fungal coinfections. Our literature review found that fungal coinfections in COVID-19 infected patients were most commonly caused by Aspergillus, Candida species, Cryptococcus neoformans, and fungi of the Mucorales order. The distribution of these infections, particularly Mucormycosis, was found to be markedly skewed towards low- and middle-income countries. The purpose of this review is to identify possible explanations for the increase in fungal coinfections seen in COVID-19 infected patients so that physicians and healthcare providers can be conscious of factors that may predispose these patients to fungal coinfections in order to provide more favorable patient outcomes. After identifying risk factors for coinfections, measures should be taken to minimize the dosage and duration of drugs such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and antibiotics.

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