The Low Ionic Strength Reaction of Human Blood: Relationship between the Binding of Serum Immunoglobulin and Complement to Red Blood Cells and Surface Charge of the Cells

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. S. Hsu ◽  
J. Steinberg ◽  
R. Doux ◽  
A. Sawitsky
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Serum Immunoglobulin ◽  
Low Ionic Strength

scholarly journals A Hundred-Year Researching History on the Low Ionic Strength in Red Blood Cells: Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-168
Author(s):  
GF Fuhrmann ◽  
KJ Netter
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Critical Survey ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Donnan Equilibrium ◽  
Disulfonic Stilbene ◽  
Low Ionic Strength

This review article provides a critical survey of work from 1904 to 2003 on the effects of low ionic strength in Red Blood Cells (RBCs) incubated in media with impermeable sugars such as sucrose. In 1904 Gürber A washed RBCs of different species with isotonic sucrose solution to eliminate the outside ions in order to better analyse their intracellular ionic composition; however, this approach was not feasible because of a substantial salt efflux from the cells. A prominent feature of the salt loss is the shrinking of the RBCs. A central role in the understanding of the ionic movements is thereby the new Donnan equilibrium of the anions. Experimental evidence has been given by Jacobs MH and Parpart AK in 1933. In the sucrose medium two phases could be predicted: 1) a very rapid anionic shift resulting in an unequal distribution of chloride and hydroxyl anions on both sides of the membrane and 2) a leakage of salts from the RBCs. In 1940 Wilbrandt W assumed that a positive membrane potential is in line with the salt loss at low ionic strength in RBCs. In 1977 Knauf PA, Fuhrmann GF, Rothstein S and Rothstein A observed in RBCs an inhibition of both, anion exchange and also of net anion efflux, by incubation with disulfonic stilbene derivates. At low ionic strength the Donnan equilibrium is immediately obtained by the Anion Exchanger Protein (AEP). The resulting positive membrane potential opens at least two new types of cation pores or channels. Thereby is the conductivity pathway for the anions, namely the AEP, in charge of the net anion loss at low ionic strength. The AEP pathway is extensively blocked by disulfonic stilbene compounds. The permeability ways for cations through these pores or channels are not yet explored.

Calcium-induced transient potassium efflux in human red blood cells

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (1) ◽  
pp. C55-C64 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Adorante ◽  
R. I. Macey
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Potassium Efflux ◽  
Pump Failure ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Low Ionic Strength ◽  
Low K ◽  
Phase Phase

Human red blood cells pretreated with low-ionic-strength solutions and resuspended in saline respond biphasically to extracellular Ca. At first, addition of Ca causes a large transient K efflux of as much as 600 mM . liter cell H2O-1 . h-1; this is followed by a decrease in K flux below control levels. The first phase (phase I) resembles the Gardos effect in several respects. It is inhibited by oligomycin, by external K, and by increased exposure time to Ca. Further, the K permeability of phase I is similar to that of the Gardos effect (5 X 10(-8)-9 X 10(-8) cm/s), and the cells hyperpolarize in a low-K medium when Ca2+ is added. However, phase I is not identical to the Gardos phenomenon. For example, La, which prevents the Gardos response, is ineffective on phase I. Moreover, external Ba prevents the development of phase I but not the Gardos response, whereas internal Ba prevents the Gardos response. Attempts to demonstrate a Ca leak or pump failure during phase I have failed; passive Ca movements of both treated and normal cells are similar. The results suggest that low-ionic-strength solution exposes Ca-sensitive sites to the external medium; these sites are maintained when the cells are returned to saline.

scholarly journals Transmembrane Potential of Red Blood Cells Under Low Ionic Strength Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 875-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Moersdorf ◽  
Stephane Egee ◽  
Claudia Hahn ◽  
Benjamin Hanf ◽  
Clive Ellory ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Transmembrane Potential ◽  
Low Ionic Strength

Surface charge topography in ATP-depleted red blood cells

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Y. Marikovsky ◽  
R.S. Weinstein ◽  
E. Skutelsky ◽  
D. Danon
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Blood Cells

scholarly journals The Growth of Staphylococcus aureus in the blood agar plate media of sheep blood and human blood groups A, B, AB, and O

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Dora Dayu Rahma Turista ◽  
Eka Puspitasari
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Blood Agar Plate ◽  
Sheep Blood ◽  
Randomized Design

BAP media is a medium used to distinguish pathogenic bacteria based on their hemolytic power on red blood cells. Staphyllococcus aureus is a bacterium that is able to emolate red blood cells with 3 types of hemolysis, namely α, β, γ, and δ. Usually BAP media is made by adding 5-10% sheep blood. Making BAP media using sheep blood has become a problem for several laboratories today, including health education laboratories. This is because the health education laboratory does not yet have a sheep farm, so it has not been able to procure sheep blood. The use of human blood as a substitute for sheep blood in making BAP media may be a solution, but it is not yet known whether there are differences in the growth and hemolysis of S. aureus bacteria on BAP media in sheep's blood and human blood. This research is an experimental study with a completely randomized design (CRD) of 3 replications which aims to determine whether there are differences in growth and hemolysis of bacteria S. aureus in BAP media of sheep blood and human blood groups A, B, AB, and O. The results showed that S. aureus bacteria could grow and show hemolysis in BAP media in sheep blood and human blood in groups A, B, AB, and O. The results of subsequent studies analyzed ANOVA using the software spss for windows with a significant level of 0.05. From the results of research and data analysis it can be concluded that S. aureus bacteria can grow and show hemolysis in BAP media of sheep blood and human blood groups A, B, AB and O, but there are significant differences in the number of S. aureus bacteria colonies grown in BAP media of sheep's blood and human blood groups A, B, AB and O.

scholarly journals Merocyanine 540-sensitized photoinactivation of human erythrocytes parasitized by Plasmodium falciparum

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
OM Smith ◽  
SA Dolan ◽  
JA Dvorak ◽  
TE Wellems ◽  
F Sieber
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Potential Usefulness ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Infected Blood ◽  
Merocyanine 540

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the photosensitizing dye merocyanine 540 (MC540) as a means for extracorporeal purging of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes from human blood. Parasitized red blood cells bound more dye than nonparasitized cells, and exposure to MC540 and light under conditions that are relatively well tolerated by normal erythrocytes and normal pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells reduced the concentration of parasitized cells by as much as 1,000-fold. Cells parasitized by the chloroquine- sensitive HB3 clone and the chloroquine-resistant Dd2 clone of P falciparum were equally susceptible to MC540-sensitized photolysis. These data suggest the potential usefulness of MC540 in the purging of P falciparum-infected blood.

scholarly journals Intrinsically magnetic susceptibility in human blood and its impact on cell separation: Non-classical and intermediate monocytes have the strongest magnetic behavior in fresh human blood

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenifer Gómez-Pastora ◽  
James Kim ◽  
Victor Multanen ◽  
Mitchell Weigand ◽  
Nicole Walters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Tracking ◽  
Magnetic Behavior ◽  
Immunomagnetic Separation ◽  
Iron Storage ◽  
Cell Tracking Velocimetry ◽  
Classical Monocytes

The presence of iron in circulating monocytes is well known as they play an essential role in iron recycling. It has been demonstrated that the iron content of blood cells can be measured through their magnetic behavior; however, the magnetic properties of different monocyte subtypes remain unknown. In this study, we report for the first time, the magnetic behavior of classical, intermediate and non-classical monocytes, which is related to their iron storage capacity. The magnetic properties of monocytes were compared to other blood cells, such as lymphocytes and red blood cells in the oxyhemoglobin and methemoglobin states, and a cancer cell type. For this analysis, we used an instrument referred to as Cell Tracking Velocimetry (CTV), which quantitatively characterizes the magnetic behavior of biological entities. Our results demonstrate that significant fractions of the intermediate and non-classical monocytes have high magnetophoretic mobilities, equivalent to methemoglobin red blood cells and higher than the classical subset, suggesting their higher iron storage capacities. Moreover, our findings have implications for the immunomagnetic separation industry; we demonstrate that negative magnetic isolation techniques for recovering monocytes from blood should be used with caution, as it is possible to lose magnetic monocytes when using this technique.

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