Analysis of 16S-23S intergenic spacer regions of the rRNA operons in Edwardsiella ictaluri and Edwardsiella tarda isolates from fish

Enteric septicaemia of catfish was first detected in 1976 as an economically significant disease associated with commercial catfish production. Initially, Edwardsiella ictaluri was a host specific pathogen of catfish species but has also been reported from other hosts other than the catfish such as the zebrafish. E. ictaluri has not been isolated in humans hence it is not a zoonotic infection. There has been no previous report of isolation of this organism in humans. This was a case report of a 5 year old boy who presented with fever, vomiting, passage of bloody stool of 6 days and abdominal pain of a day duration. In the case of this 5 year old boy who presented with features of dysentery, blood culture using BACTEC™ grew E. ictaluri. E. ictaluri may be a pathogen which can infect humans just like another closely related species, Edwardsiella tarda. Although, E. ictaluri has not been reported in humans, could this be the first case? Non availability of diagnostic technique appropriate for its diagnosis may explain the rare incidence of the organism in humans, hence many cases would have been treated without isolating the organism.

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Exemplar Abstract for Edwardsiella tarda Ewing et al. 1965 (Approved Lists 1980) pro synon. Edwardsiella anguillimortifera (Hoshina 1962) Sakazaki and Tamura 1975 (Approved Lists 1980).

The NamesforLife Abstracts ◽

10.1601/ex.15559 ◽

2003 ◽

Author(s):

Charles Thomas Parker ◽

Dorothea Taylor ◽

George M Garrity

Keyword(s):

Edwardsiella Tarda

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Viability of Edwardsiella tarda and Esherichia coli preserved with glycerol-tryptone soy broth (TSB) kept at freezing temperature

AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT ◽

10.35800/jasm.1.2.2013.7278 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 154

Author(s):

Abdur Rohman ◽

Frans Ijong ◽

I K Suwetja

Keyword(s):

Research And Development ◽

Germ Plasm ◽

Freezing Temperature ◽

Experimental Methods ◽

Edwardsiella Tarda ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Glycerol Concentration ◽

E Coli ◽

Esherichia Coli ◽

Escherchia Coli

Preservation of bacteria carried out in relation to the collection and preservation of germ plasm microbe is useful for research and development or for the establishment of diagnostic tools. Glycerol is a good preservation media but it is not known what doses should be used for effective preservation. This research used two experimental methods consisting of 2 factors and 3 treatments. This study aimed to find the best glycerol concentration that can be used to preserve Edwarsiella tarda and Escherchia coli in the -20ºC environment, to understand the viability of bacteria after being preserved and to describe the characteristics of the preserved bacteria. Treatments applied were 10%, 15% and 20% glycerol in TSB. Viability of the bacteria was analyzed after 7, 14, 28, 35, and 42 days of preservation. Results showed that E.coli bacteria preserved in 15% glycerol had the highest viability, i.e. 84% and preserved in 10% glycerol had the lowest viability, i.e. 80%. But for E. tarda bacteria preserved in 10% glycerol had the highest viability, i.e. 1.83% and preseved in 15% glycerol had the lowest viability, i.e. 0,55%. Preservasi bakteri dilakukan dalam kaitannya dengan koleksi dan konservasi plasma nutfah mikroba yang berguna untuk penelitian dan pengembangan atau untuk pembentukan alat diagnosa. Gliserol merupakan bahan preservasi yang baik, tetapi belum diketahui dosis yang baik dan efektif untuk preservasi bakteri Edwarsiella tarda dan Escherchia coli pada suhu -20ºC. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen yang terdiri dari 2 faktor dan 3 taraf perlakuan, masing-masing perlakuan dengan 3 kali ulangan, media preservasi yang digunakan adalah TSB dan gliserol dengan konsentrasi 10%, 15% dan 20%. Parameter yang diukur adalah viabilitas dan kecocokan/penyimpangan karakteristik biokimia. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Karantina Ikan Pengendalian Mutu dan Keamanan Hasil Perikanan Manado, dari bulan September sampai dengan November 2013. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan konsentrasi gliserol dalam TSB sebagai media preservasi yang efektif dan efisien pada bakteri Edwarsiella tarda dan Escherchia coli yang dipreservasi dengan suhu -20ºC dan disimpan selama 42 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya penurunan laju pertumbuhan bakteri selama preservasi. Persentase viabilitas bakteri E. coli yang tertinggi selama preservasi diperoleh dengan penggunaan gliserol konsentrasi 15% dengan jumlah 84% dan yang terendah adalah dengan penggunaan konsentrasi 10% yakni sebesar 80%, sedangkan untuk E. tarda persentase viabilitas bakteri yang tertinggi selama preservasi diperoleh dengan penggunaan gliserol konsentrasi 10% dengan jumlah 1,83% dan yang terendah adalah dengan penggunaan konsentrasi 15% yakni sebesar 0,55%. Berdasarkan uji statistik analisis variasi (ANAVA) didapat hasil F hitung E. tarda dan E. coli yang lebih besar dari FTabel dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95 %.

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Virulence genes and dulplex PCR and the LAMP methods for the detection of pathogenic Edwardsiella tarda

JOURNAL OF FISHERIES OF CHINA ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1231.2013.38544 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 37 (7) ◽

pp. 1087

Author(s):

Xiaojun ZHANG ◽

Xuesong BAI ◽

Keran BI ◽

Binlun YAN ◽

Lei QIN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virulence Genes ◽

Edwardsiella Tarda

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Nuevos genes relacionados con el sistema secretor tipo 4 de Edwardsiella tarda

Orinoquia ◽

10.22579/20112629.318 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 186 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Noel Verjan-García ◽

A. Carlos ◽

Iregui Ikuo Hirono

Keyword(s):

Edwardsiella Tarda ◽

El Sistema

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Effects of Green Alga, Chaetomorpha aerea Extract on Non-Specific Immune Responses and Disease Resistance against Edwardsiella tarda Infection in Labeo rohita

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11104325 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 4325

Author(s):

Govindharajan Sattanathan ◽

Vairakannu Tamizhazhagan ◽

Nadeem Raza ◽

Syed Qaswar Ali Shah ◽

Muhammad Zubair Hussain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Green Alga ◽

Labeo Rohita ◽

Virulent Strain ◽

Edwardsiella Tarda ◽

Fish Mortality ◽

Control Group ◽

Physiological Salt Solution ◽

Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽

Chaetomorpha Aerea

The current study evaluated the effects of a methanol extract from Chaetomorpha aerea (a green alga) on non-specific immune responses and resistance against Edwardsiella tarda infection in Labeo rohita. Different doses of the extract (5, 50 and 500 mg/kg of body weight) were injected into the fish intraperitoneally while a control group was injected with 0.2 mL of sterile physiological salt solution. Variations in several immunostimulatory parameters (i.e., neutrophil, serum lysozyme, myeloperoxidase, serum antiprotease, and ceruloplasmin activity), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) were assessed after 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of post stimulation. E. tarda culture was injected into the fish after 28 days of post stimulation to induce infection to monitor fish mortality within 14 days. Interestingly, all doses of methanolic extract enhanced neutrophil, lysozyme, and myeloperoxidase activity, ROS and RNS, while a dose of 50 mg/kg was the most effective. Fish injected with this optimal dose were also protected against infection with virulent strain of E. tarda. The results of the study suggest that C. aerea extract is a potential prophylactic agent against bacterial infections in finfish.

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Two Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Mileewinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and a Phylogenetic Analysis

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12080668 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 668

Author(s):

Tinghao Yu ◽

Yalin Zhang

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Phylogenetic Trees ◽

Strong Support ◽

Intergenic Spacer ◽

Taxonomic Status ◽

Start Codon ◽

Gene Arrangement ◽

Mitochondrial Genomes ◽

Protein Coding

More studies are using mitochondrial genomes of insects to explore the sequence variability, evolutionary traits, monophyly of groups and phylogenetic relationships. Controversies remain on the classification of the Mileewinae and the phylogenetic relationships between Mileewinae and other subfamilies remain ambiguous. In this study, we present two newly completed mitogenomes of Mileewinae (Mileewa rufivena Cai and Kuoh 1997 and Ujna puerana Yang and Meng 2010) and conduct comparative mitogenomic analyses based on several different factors. These species have quite similar features, including their nucleotide content, codon usage of protein genes and the secondary structure of tRNA. Gene arrangement is identical and conserved, the same as the putative ancestral pattern of insects. All protein-coding genes of U. puerana began with the start codon ATN, while 5 Mileewa species had the abnormal initiation codon TTG in ND5 and ATP8. Moreover, M. rufivena had an intergenic spacer of 17 bp that could not be found in other mileewine species. Phylogenetic analysis based on three datasets (PCG123, PCG12 and AA) with two methods (maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference) recovered the Mileewinae as a monophyletic group with strong support values. All results in our study indicate that Mileewinae has a closer phylogenetic relationship to Typhlocybinae compared to Cicadellinae. Additionally, six species within Mileewini revealed the relationship (U. puerana + (M. ponta + (M. rufivena + M. alara) + (M. albovittata + M. margheritae))) in most of our phylogenetic trees. These results contribute to the study of the taxonomic status and phylogenetic relationships of Mileewinae.

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