Spatial fixed effects and spatial dependence in a single cross-section

2013 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc Anselin ◽  
Daniel Arribas-Bel
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Single Cross Section ◽  
Single Cross

A Parallel Implementation of 3D Computed Tomography Algorithm

2015 ◽  
Vol 770 ◽  
pp. 491-494
Author(s):  
Andrey E. Kovtanyuk
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
3D Reconstruction ◽  
Density Distribution ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Parallel Implementation ◽  
Back Projection ◽  
Single Cross Section ◽  
Single Cross

A computed tomography problem as a 3D reconstruction of density distribution is considered. The input data are obtained as a result of irradiations. The solution of the computed tomography problem is presented as a set of cross-section images. The reconstruction in a single cross-section is performed by algorithm of convolution and back projection. The parallelization is fulfilled over a set of cross-sections by use of the MPI technology.

scholarly journals The Determinants of Immigrant Self-Employment in Australia

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anh T. Le
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
Cohort Effect ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Single Cross Section ◽  
Market Experience ◽  
Single Cross

This article applies both single cross-section and dual cross-section approaches to modeling the propensity to be self-employed among the foreign born in the Australian labor market. The results from a single cross-section regression indicate that educational attainment, Australian labor market experience, the availability of capital, marital status and job related characteristics are important influences on self-employment outcomes. The propensity to be self-employed among immigrants is shown to be enhanced by the existence of enclave markets. Ethnic enclaves created via a common language provide more relevant prospects for self-employment than does the concentration of immigrants by birthplace. However, enclave markets do not have a significant impact on the self-employment outcomes of the Australian-born children of immigrants. The dual cross-section approach shows that the cross-section self-employment growth among immigrants is predominantly an adjustment effect rather than a cohort effect.

Spatial Errors in Count Data Regressions

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinho Bertanha ◽  
Petra Moser
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Count Data ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Variance Estimator ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Patent Counts ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Time Invariant

AbstractCount data regressions are an important tool for empirical analyses ranging from analyses of patent counts to measures of health and unemployment. Along with negative binomial, Poisson panel regressions are a preferred method of analysis because the Poisson conditional fixed effects maximum likelihood estimator (PCFE) and its sandwich variance estimator are consistent even if the data are not Poisson-distributed, or if the data are correlated over time. Analyses of counts may however also be affected by correlation in the cross-section. For example, patent counts or publications may increase across related research fields in response to common shocks. This paper shows that the PCFE and its sandwich variance estimator are consistent in the presence of such dependence in the cross-section – as long as spatial dependence is time-invariant. We develop a test for time-invariant spatial dependence and provide code in STATA and MATLAB to implement the test.

WHY PANEL DATA?

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (02) ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHENG HSIAO
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Data Modeling ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Single Cross Section ◽  
Single Cross

We explain the proliferation of panel data studies in terms of (i) data availability; (ii) the heightened capacity for modeling the complexity of human behavior than a single cross-section or time series data can possibly allow; and (iii) challenging methodology. Advantages and issues of panel data modeling are also discussed.

Optimum Design for Single Cross Section of Pillar Structures of Vehicles

2009 ◽  
Vol 419-420 ◽  
pp. 325-328
Author(s):  
Long Li ◽  
Wen Bin Hu ◽  
Ping Hu
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Design System ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Vehicle Concept ◽  
Single Cross Section ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Section Design ◽  
Proper Design ◽  
Design Plan ◽  
System 1

In this paper, a Section Tool Module is built to implement the cross section design of vehicle pillar structures which is integrated in VCD (Vehicle Concept Design) system [1]. The module may lead engineers to create section database and to get proper design plan effectively. The sectional properties such as area, moments of inertia are generated. In addition, an optimal design technique applied in this module is presented to perform the optimization for single cross section, in which sectional property is defined as objective function. An example of the optimization for a single cross section which is extracted from a passenger car is shown to demonstrate the Section Tool Module.

Does digital proximity between countries impact entrepreneurship?

Info ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 46-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Veronica Alderete
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Spatial Models ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spatial Spillovers ◽  
Information And Communication

Purpose – This paper aims to determine if there is a spatial dependence in the entrepreneurial activity among countries. The existence of a “digital proximity” could explain the spatial pattern of entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach – This question is empirically addressed by using a five-period, 2008-2012, panel data for 35 countries. A spatial fixed effects panel data model is estimated by using the total entrepreneurial activity published by the global entrepreneurship monitor as the dependent variable. Findings – A significant negative influence of the digital proximity on the entrepreneurial activity is observed. Mobile broadband (MB) direct effect is positive while the indirect effect (the spatial spillovers) is negative, leading to a negative total effect on the total entrepreneurial activity. This result is contrary to non-spatial models’ results. Besides, a higher MB penetration in a country would lead to a competitive advantage fostering its opportunities for entrepreneurship, but reducing those of its neighbours’. Originality/value – This paper examines the relationship between information and communication technology (ICT) and entrepreneurship, by introducing the spatial effects is the main contribution. This paper expands the scant literature on the ICT impact on entrepreneurship. Results obtained support policies towards enforcing innovation, education and reducing entry regulations for encouraging entrepreneurship. Meanwhile, MB policies could counteract the entrepreneurial policies’ results due to the spatial dependence.

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