Leaf nitrogen remobilisation for plant development and grain filling

Plant Biology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 23-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Masclaux-Daubresse ◽  
M. Reisdorf-Cren ◽  
M. Orsel
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Pradi Vendruscolo ◽  
Paulo Ricardo Oliveira ◽  
Luiz Fernandes Cardoso Campos ◽  
Alexsander Seleguini ◽  
Sebastião Ferreira de Lima

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects on plant development, productivity and fruit quality from combinations of planting methods, nitrogen fertilizer applications and inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in Cantaloupe melons cultivated in a protected environment. A randomized blocks design was adopted with a 2×2×2 factorial scheme with five replications. The treatments consisted of combinations of planting methods (pre-established seedlings or direct field sowing), inoculation with A. brasilense (with or without) and nitrogen fertilization (with and without). During the vegetative phase, the height, stem diameter, number and length of plant internodes and relative chlorophyll content were evaluated. Fifty-five days after planting, the leaf nitrogen content, leaf area and dry mass were measured. At harvest, the number of days between planting and harvesting was calculated, and the fresh weight, circumference, length, bark and pulp thickness and fruit productivity were evaluated. It was verified that A. brasilense did not affect any of the evaluated characteristics. On the other hand, direct field seed sowing decreased the production time and provided good plant development. However, the size and productivity of the fruits were higher when pre-established seedlings were used, with or without inoculation with A. brasilense, fertilized with nitrogen. It was concluded that the combinations of the different sowing methods, nitrogen fertilization and inoculation with A. brasilense affected the development and characteristics of the Cantaloupe melon plants and fruits.


Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1564
Author(s):  
Aaron Hoyle ◽  
Maree Brennan ◽  
Logan Rees ◽  
Gail Jackson ◽  
Stephen Hoad

Specific weight (SW) is a long-established measure used as a malting quality specification in barley, with an increased SW thought to result in a higher malt output. Specific weight is a product of individual grain density as determined by grain composition and structure, and grain packing efficiency in a container as determined by grain dimensions. We investigated the effect of moderate but prolonged post-anthesis water stress on barley plant and grain development using pots of cultivars with a known range of SWs to explore how altering plant growth influence SW. Water stress was expected to influence these grain characteristics through decreased photosynthetic capacity. We demonstrated that SW was maintained under water stress conditions through compensatory mechanisms such as increased tiller mortality which preserved grain physical parameters on the main shoots. However, water stress significantly affected plant development by reducing not only ear number and yield, but also grain filling duration, plant biomass and ear length. Grain composition was also altered, with water-stressed plants having reduced carbon:nitrogen. Therefore, although SW can be conserved under water-stressed conditions, grain composition and plant development are altered, producing smaller harvests with higher grain nitrogen content. This would result in bulks of malting barley having different malt outputs despite having the same SW.


2016 ◽  
Vol 169 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Wang ◽  
K.-H. Mühling ◽  
G. Schulte auf'm Erley

2018 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohuan Mu ◽  
Qinwu Chen ◽  
Fanjun Chen ◽  
Lixing Yuan ◽  
Guohua Mi

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro Rincón Castillo ◽  
Gustavo Adolfo Ligarreto

<p>En el piedemonte llanero colombiano, se estableció la asociación de maíz con los pastos Brachiaria decumbens Stapf., Brachiaria híbrido Mulato, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Toledo como medio para renovar una pastura degradada, utilizando una fertilización nitrogenada de 100 y 200 kg ha-1. Para estimar el nitrógeno foliar en el maíz y los pastos, se comparó el método de laboratorio Kjeldahl y la medición del índice de verdor con el clorofilometro Minolta® SPAD 502 (método rápido y no destructivo). Las evaluación al inicio de la floración del maíz (35 días después de la siembra) presentó un coeficiente de determinación (r2) de 0,79 en el maíz como en el pasto, en tanto que al inicio del llenado del grano (60 días después de la siembra) fue del 0,92 en el maíz y 0,96 en los pastos indicando una buena relación entre el N foliar y el índice de verdor del clorofilometro. En la dosis de 200 kg ha-1 de N, el contenido de clorofila fue superior significativamente con 51,6 unidades SPAD en las hojas del maíz; sin embargo, el rendimiento de grano de maíz fue similar entre 100 y 200 kg ha-1 de N con un rendimiento de 5,2 t ha-1.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Relationship between leaf nitrogen and chlorophyll content in corn found in pastures in the Llanos Foothills of Colombia</strong></p><p>In the piedmont of Colombia, an association between maize and the grasses Brachiaria decumbens Stapf., Brachiaria Mulato hybrid, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Toledo was established as a means of renewing a degraded pasture, using a nitrogen fertilization of 100 and 200 kg ha-1. To estimate the leaf nitrogen in the maize and grass, we compared the laboratory kjeldahl method and the measurement of the greenness index using a clorofilometro, Minolta SPAD® 502 (rapid nondestructive method). The evaluation at the beginning of flowering in the maize (35 days after planting) had a coefficient of determination (r2) of 0.79 in the maize and in the grass, while at the beginning of grain filling (60 days after planting) an r2 of 0.92 was recorded in the maize and 0.96 in the grass, indicating a good relationship between leaf N and the clorofilometro greenness index. At doses of 200 kg ha-1 N, the chlorophyll content was significantly higher with 51.6 SPAD units in the leaves of the corn, but grain yield was similar between 100 and 200 kg ha-1 N with a yield of 5.2 t ha-1.</p><p> </p>


2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Bączek ◽  
Jarosław L. Przybył ◽  
Olga Kosakowska ◽  
Zenon Węglarz

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