Milk Antitrypsin, NAGase, Plasmin and Bacterial Replication Rate in Whey Effects of Lactation Stage, Parity and Daily Milk Yield

1986 ◽  
Vol 33 (1-10) ◽  
pp. 462-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Mattila ◽  
J. Syväjärvi ◽  
M. Sandholm
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Replication Rate ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Bacterial Replication ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

scholarly journals Effect of β-lactoglobulin gene polymorphism, lactation stage and breed on milk traits in Chios and Karagouniko sheep breeds

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostas A. Triantaphyllopoulos ◽  
Panagiota Koutsouli ◽  
Athanassios Kandris ◽  
Dimitris Papachristou ◽  
Kalliopi E. Markopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin ◽  
Daily Milk

Abstract The animal selection with favourable phenotypes of the past has been, currently, replaced by the genotype selection on quantitative traits, assisted by the expanding molecular techniques in the context of livestock improvement. In this study, the c.112T>C polymorphism in exon II of β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) gene was investigated in Karagouniko and Chios sheep breeds by using polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and possible associations with milk traits were examined. In total, 125 blood DNA samples were isolated for PCR-RFLP analysis and the respective 217 milk samples′ composition profile was obtained. The goodness of fit test to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) for β-LG genotypes was estimated and associations found between β-LG genotypes and raw milk composition. Two alleles and three genotypes were observed (AA, AB and BB) in both breeds, and Chios breed significantly deviated (P≤0.05) from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). Conclusively, linear mixed model analysis on samples, from both breeds collectively, showed significant effects of β-LG genotype on lactose percentage and somatic cell count (SCC), lactation stage on daily milk yield and protein, while the breed effect was significant only on daily milk yield.

scholarly journals Effects of herd, season and days in milk on milk urea nitrogen of crossbred dairy cows in Sylhet

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-292
Author(s):  
Nusrat Zahan Shoshe ◽  
Md Abdul Baset ◽  
Md Tariqul Islam ◽  
Shiekh MA Matin ◽  
Md Abdullah Al Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk ◽  
Milk Urea Nitrogen

The study included 724 crossbred cows (Local × Holstein Friesian) from 9 dairy farms of Sylhet district from July 2013 to June 2014 to determine the effect of herd, season, and days in milk in milk urea nitrogen and the effect of milk production and composition on milk urea nitrogen. According to the season, milk samples were divided into two groups: wet season (June - October) and dry season (November - February). Days in milk (DIM) were grouped into two lactation stages: Lactation 1 (?100 days in milk) and Lactation 2 (?100 days in milk). Milk urea nitrogen was grouped into five categories by increments of 5 mg/dl, started with those less than 10 mg/dl and finishing with concentration greater than 25 mg/dl. The daily milk yield was 6.78 kg ranged from 2.00 to 18.00 kg. The mean of milk urea nitrogen (MUN) concentration was 14.58 mg/dl. Mean values for milk fat and protein contents were 3.74 % and 3.72 %. Among the 9 herds, the highest content of milk urea (MU) was 16.37 mg/dl which was found in herd 2 and the second highest estimation of MU content were in herd 1, 3, 6 and 9 (15.58, 15.51, 15.12 and 14.45 mg/dl, respectively). In the district of Sylhet, the lowest MU content was estimated in herd 4, 5, 7 and 8 (13.59, 13.48, 13.16 and 13.60 mg/dl, respectively). Difference of MUN concentration was not significant between the dry and wet season. The MUN concentrations were 14.82 mg/dl and 14.90 mg/dl in dry and wet season respectively. The concentration of MUN in Lactation 1 was 13.61 mg/dl and in Lactation 2 was 16.26 mg/dl. Milk fat (%) were 3.56, 3.77, 3.64, 4.15 and 3.66 when MUN concentration were ?10.00, 10.01- 15.00, 15.01-20.00, 20.01-25.00 and ?24.01 mg/dl respectively. Daily milk yield did not increase with the increase of MUN concentration. Milk yield were 6.37, 7.21, 6.23, 7.31 and 7.00 Kg/d while MUN concentration were ?10.00, 10.01-15.00, 15.01-20.00, 20.01-25.00 and ?25.01 mg/dl. It may be concluded that herd category and lactation stage influence the milk urea nitrogen concentration of crossbred dairy cows in the Sylhet district.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.2(2): 287-292, August 2015

scholarly journals Effect of lactation stage and milking frequency on milk yield from udder quarters of cows

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 636-642
Author(s):  
M. Bogucki
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Similar Relationship ◽  
Daily Production ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Milking Frequency ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Left Front ◽  
Daily Milk

The aim of the study was to analyse daily milk yield from udder quarters of automatically milked primiparous and multiparous cows during lactation and with changing milking frequency. The daily milk yield of udder quarters was higher in multiparous than in primiparous cows. At the same time, differences were observed, especially in front and rear quarters, and also in left and right quarters. The front quarters (LF and RF) of primiparous cows produced an average of 6.75 and 6.71 kg milk, and those of multiparous cows by 0.78 and 0.51 kg milk more, respectively. Higher daily milk yield was characteristic of rear quarters: 8.22 kg (left) and 7.71 kg (right) in primiparous cows, and 10.06 and 10.47 kg in multiparous cows, respectively. With advancing lactation (from ≤100 to >300 days), the milk yield of all quarters was found to decrease. The lowest decrease was in left front quarters (by 3.40 kg) and the highest in right rear quarters (by 4.35 kg). This relationship was most evident in cows entering lactation (in the first lactation period of ≤100 days). As milking frequency increased, the milk yield of individual quarters increased markedly. In front quarters, left and right quarters showed similar milk yields for milking frequency of less than 2.50 times/day and more than 2.80 times/day. A similar relationship was observed for rear quarters. The contribution of front and rear quarters to daily production was 45.8–54.2% in primiparous cows and 41.8–58.2% in multiparous cows.Keywords: Milk, multiparous, primiparous, quarter milking

A note on the effect of supplementation of yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae plus growth medium) in the diet of buffaloes on milk yield and composition

1992 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 440-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Kumar ◽  
V. K. Sareen ◽  
S. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Growth Medium ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

Effect of live yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae plus growth medium) inclusion in the diet of buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) on milk yield and its composition was examined. Twenty buffaloes (Murrah breed) having an average daily milk yield of 8 to 10 I and in their early lactation stage were divided into two equal groups. The control group was given a basal production diet consisting of 35 to 40 kg green berseem and concentrate mixture (0·5 kg/kg milk produced) per day per animal and the yeast supplemented group the above diet supplemented with 10 g yeast culture (YC, 5 × 109 c.f.u. Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain 1026 per g). The feeding continued for 10 weeks and during this period milk samples collected at weekly intervals and milk yield recorded daily. During this period, average daily milk yield was increased by proportionately 0·135 and fat-corrected milk yield by 0·185 by inclusion of YC. Fat, protein, lactose and total solids in milk increased proportionately by 0·039, 0·051, 0·030 and 0·034 respectively. The corresponding proportional increases in the quantity of these constituents secreted in milk (kg/day) were 0·237, 0·200, 0·200 and 0·204.

Effect of value addition to rice straw on the nutritional improvement and milk productivity of dairy cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
MM Islam ◽  
A Akter ◽  
M Salauddin ◽  
MN Sultana ◽  
MM Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Value Addition ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Daily Milk

The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical value addition to rice straw on nutritional quality improvement of rice straw and its effect on milk productivity and composition. Twelve crossbred milking cows (Frisian Cross) of mid-lactation stage and second parity, having average initial body weight of 398.72 ± 42.22 kg and milk yield of 6.42± 0.78 kg were assigned to three treatment group (each group has 4 animals) and one control group. Four treatments were considered: T0 (control): loose rice straw + green grass + concentrate; T1: value addition to rice straw through chopping (physical) + green grass + concentrate; T2: value addition to rice straw through urea and molasses without chopped (Chemical) + green grass + concentrate; and T3: value addition to rice straw through urea molasses with chopping (Physical and chemical) + green grass + concentrate. The results revealed that T2 was significantly (p<0.05) higher than T0, T1 and T3 where total DM intake was 13.44± 0.26, 12.96±0.38, 12.47±0.16 and 12.06±0.31 for T2, T0, T3 and T1, respectively and the same was found for Crude protein. The daily milk yield was higher in T3 (8.12±0.30 kg/day) and followed by T0 (7.30±0.23 kg/day), T1 (6.61±1.35 kg/day) and T2 (6.78±0.09 kg/day) but daily milk yield gains were 0.31, 0.11, 1.44 and 1.46 kg in T0, T1, T2, and T3, respectively and differences were highly significant (p<0.01) among the groups. Milk composition of fat (4.40, 3.97, 4.90 and 4.10%), Protein (3.88, 3.69, 3.98 and 3.72%), SNF (8.42, 8.69, 8.49 and 8.13) and TS (12.57, 12.34, 12.96 and 11.90) in T0, T1, T2 and T3, respectively. There was significant difference (p<0.01) where the cows supplemented with UMS without and with chopping recorded SNF. Further study might be needed to estimate the economics of the value addition for enhancing the adoption of this technology at farm level through development of entrepreneurship. Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2020. 49 (1): 55-62

Effects of CPM model software on diet energy and nitrogen diagnosis, and lactating performance of dairy cows

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Chen ◽  
Y. L. Qu ◽  
J. Bao ◽  
J. C. Liu ◽  
J. Zhen
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Test Diet ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Similar Body ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

ne hundred twelve China Holstein cows with similar body weight and lactation stage were selected. The average daily milk yield of one half was 20.34±1.61kg and the other was 25.41±2.97kg. In each herd, the cows were randomly assigned to two groups. The control diets (I and II) were the original dairy farm diets, and the test diets (I and II) were the corresponding control diets adjusted by CPM-Dairy (Cornell-Penn-Miner Dairy System). The diagnosis for the two original diets showed the ME and MP balance were greater than the cow requirement. The rumen peptide balance also showed the same tendency. Both test diets had lower CP (%/DM) than the corresponding Control diet by 1.60% and 2.5%, respectively. However, both the RUPs (%/CP) were increased a little in the two test diets. The MP allowed daily milk yield of Control diet I was greater than the actual daily milk yield and ME allowed daily milk yield (P Lass Than 0.05), but they didn’t present significant difference in Test diet I (P > 0.05).

scholarly journals 11. Effect of Heat Stress on Metabolic Disorders Prevalence Risk and Milk Production in Holstein Cows in Croatia

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Gantner ◽  
Krešimir Kuterovac ◽  
Klemen Potočnik
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

Abstract The objectives were to evaluate the effect of heat stress on daily milk traits (yield, fat and protein content, F/P ratio) as well as to determine the differences in metabolic disorders (acidosis, ketosis) prevalence risk regarding the heat stress conditions. For statistical analysis 1,187,781 test-day records of milk, fat, and protein from 89,030 Holsteins reared on 6,388 farms provided by the Croatian Agricultural Agency, were used. Based on the results it could be concluded that heat stress condition causes decline of daily milk yield and components as well as increase of acidosis risk regardless of the lactation stage and increase of ketosis risk during mid-lactation. The research results point out that the test-day records and environmental measurements collected in regular milk recording could be used as a tool for dairy herd monitoring enabling the early detection of unfavourable environmental conditions and the subclinical disorders. Since environmental conditions significantly affect daily milk yield and components, and consequently F/P ratio, further research with the purpose of detailed formulation of metabolic disease risk in relation to the environmental conditions is needed.

Effect of Bypass Protein on Milk Production and Economic of Lactating Crossbred Cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
RATNESH K CHOUDHARY ◽  
A Saran ROY ◽  
N K SINGH3 ◽  
SANJAY KUMAR ◽  
RAUSHAN K SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Daily Milk

An On-Farm Trial was conducted on 24 lactating crossbred cows for assessment of feeding formaldehyde treated mustard cake (bypass protein) on milk production and economic analysis of lactating cow. Cows were divided into three groups having 8 cows each, treatments were farmers’ practice (FP); (Control): The lactating animals under this group were fedas per the feeding schedule of the farmers (5 kg. dry roughage as rice straw + 6 hrs grazing as local grass and 4 kg. commercial concentrates), T1: The lactating animals under this group were fed as per farmers practicewith 12% mustard cake of total diet was provided to the cow by replacing the same amount of commercial concentrates andT2: The lactating animals under this group were fed as per farmers practicewith 12% formaldehyde treated mustard cake of total diet was provided to the cow by replacing same amount of commercial concentrates. The average daily milk yield of lactating cows under FP, T1 and T2 was 8.58, 8.82 and 9.85 kg per cow, respectively. Differences between FP and T2 were significant. The daily increase in milk yield was 1.27 kg and 1.03 kg in cows fed T2diet over the cows fed FP and T1diet, respectively. The B: C ratios for FP, T1 and T2 groups were 2.6, 3.0 and 3.3, respectively. The feed cost reduced in T2 group by Rs. 8.64 and increased milk production by 1.27 kg in respect to FP group.

scholarly journals Novel Genes Associated with Dairy Traits in Sarda Sheep

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2207
Author(s):  
Michele Pazzola ◽  
Giuseppe Massimo Vacca ◽  
Pietro Paschino ◽  
Giovanni Bittante ◽  
Maria Luisa Dettori
Keyword(s):  
Association Analysis ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dairy Traits ◽  
Breeding Schemes ◽  
Milk Coagulation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Breed Sheep ◽  
Daily Milk

The aim of the present research was to analyze the variability of 45 SNPs from different genes involved in metabolism and innate immunity to perform an association analysis with the milk yield, composition and milk coagulation traits. A population of 1112 Sarda breed sheep was sampled. Genotyping was generated by a TaqMan Open ArrayTM. Thirty out of the 45 SNPs were polymorphic, and 12 displayed a minor allele frequency higher than 0.05. An association analysis showed that the variability at genes PRKAG3 and CD14 was significantly associated with the daily milk yield. The variability at PRKAG3 was also associated with the protein and casein content, somatic cell score and bacterial score. The variation at the PRKAA2 gene was associated with the milk lactose concentration. The SNPs at CD14 were also associated with the traditional milk coagulation properties, while the SNPs at GHR and GHRHR were associated with kSR, a derived coagulation parameter related to the rate of syneresis. The information provided here is new and increases our knowledge of genotype–phenotype interactions in sheep. Our findings might be useful in appropriate breeding schemes to be set up for the Sarda sheep breed, but these should be confirmed by further studies, possibly performed on independent populations.

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