scholarly journals The King's Outcome Scale for Childhood Head Injury and injury severity and outcome measures in children with traumatic brain injury

2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 426-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Calvert ◽  
Helen E Miller ◽  
Andrew Curran ◽  
Biju Hameed ◽  
Renée McCarter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Injury Severity

scholarly journals The role of salivary vesicles as a potential inflammatory biomarker to detect traumatic brain injury in mixed martial artists

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rani Matuk ◽  
Mandy Pereira ◽  
Janette Baird ◽  
Mark Dooner ◽  
Yan Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Impact Mechanism ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarker ◽  
Potential Biomarker

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is of significant concern in the realm of high impact contact sports, including mixed martial arts (MMA). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) travel between the brain and oral cavity and may be isolated from salivary samples as a noninvasive biomarker of TBI. Salivary EVs may highlight acute neurocognitive or neuropathological changes, which may be particularly useful as a biomarker in high impact sports. Pre and post-fight samples of saliva were isolated from 8 MMA fighters and 7 from controls. Real-time PCR of salivary EVs was done using the TaqMan Human Inflammatory array. Gene expression profiles were compared pre-fight to post-fight as well as pre-fight to controls. Largest signals were noted for fighters sustaining a loss by technical knockout (higher impact mechanism of injury) or a full match culminating in referee decision (longer length of fight), while smaller signals were noted for fighters winning by joint or choke submission (lower impact mechanism as well as less time). A correlation was observed between absolute gene information signals and fight related markers of head injury severity. Gene expression was also significantly different in MMA fighters pre-fight compared to controls. Our findings suggest that salivary EVs as a potential biomarker in the acute period following head injury to identify injury severity and can help elucidate pathophysiological processes involved in TBI.

scholarly journals Study of Traumatic Brain Injury Due To Recent Earthquake in Manipal Teaching Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Bal G Karmacharya ◽  
Brijesh Sathian
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mild Head Injury ◽  
Associated Injuries

The objective of this study was to review the demographics, causes injury, severity, treatment and outcome of traumatic brain injuries in victims of the April 2015 earthquake who were admitted in Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara. A total of 37 patients was admitted under Neurosurgery Services. Collapse of buildings was the commonest cause of head injury. The majority of them had mild head injury. Associated injuries to other parts of the body were present in 40.54% patients.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 12:63-66, 2015

The impact of blood ethanol concentration on the classification of head injury severity in traumatic brain injury

Brain Injury ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (13-14) ◽  
pp. 1648-1653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pål Rønning ◽  
Per Ole Gunstad ◽  
Nils-Oddvar Skaga ◽  
Iver Arne Langmoen ◽  
Knut Stavem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Blood Ethanol Concentration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Head Injury Severity

scholarly journals Traumatic brain injury—the effects of patient age on treatment intensity and mortality

BMC Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ola Skaansar ◽  
Cathrine Tverdal ◽  
Pål Andre Rønning ◽  
Karoline Skogen ◽  
Tor Brommeland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Composite Score ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Management Intensity ◽  
Treatment Bias ◽  
Head Injury Severity

Abstract Background Ageing is associated with worse treatment outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI). This association may lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy that affects treatment efficacy. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the role of treatment bias in patient outcomes by studying the intensity of diagnostic procedures, treatment, and overall 30-day mortality in different age groups of patients with TBI. Methods Included in this study was consecutively admitted patients with TBI, aged ≥ 15 years, with a cerebral CT showing intracranial signs of trauma, during the time-period between 2015–2018. Data were extracted from our prospective quality control registry for admitted TBI patients. As a measure of management intensity in different age groups, we made a composite score, where placement of intracranial pressure monitor, ventilator treatment, and evacuation of intracranial mass lesion each gave one point. Uni- and multivariate survival analyses were performed using logistic multinomial regression. Results A total of 1,571 patients with TBI fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The median age was 58 years (range 15–98), 70% were men, and 39% were ≥ 65 years. Head injury severity was mild in 706 patients (45%), moderate in 437 (28%), and severe in 428 (27%). Increasing age was associated with less management intensity, as measured using the composite score, irrespective of head injury severity. Multivariate analyses showed that the following parameters had a significant association with an increased risk of death within 30 days of trauma: increasing age, severe comorbidities, severe TBI, Rotterdam CT-score ≥ 3, and low management intensity. Conclusion The present study indicates that the management intensity of hospitalised patients with TBI decreased with advanced age and that low management intensity was associated with an increased risk of 30-day mortality. This suggests that the high mortality among elderly TBI patients may have an element of treatment bias and could in the future be limited with a more aggressive management regime.

Sex differences in injury severity and outcome measures after traumatic brain injury

2004 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shameran Slewa-Younan ◽  
Alisa M Green ◽  
Ian J Baguley ◽  
Joe A Gurka ◽  
Jeno E Marosszeky
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Injury Severity

scholarly journals Traumatic brain injury - the effects of patient age on treatment intensity and mortality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ola Skaansar ◽  
Cathrine Tverdal ◽  
Pål Andre Rønning ◽  
Karoline Skogen ◽  
Tor Brommeland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Composite Score ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Management Intensity ◽  
Treatment Bias ◽  
Head Injury Severity

Abstract Background Ageing is associated with worse treatment outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI). This association may lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy that affects treatment efficacy. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the role of treatment bias in patient outcomes by studying the intensity of diagnostic procedures, treatment, and overall 30-day mortality in different age groups of patients with TBI. Methods Included in this study was consecutively admitted patients with TBI, aged ≥ 15 years, with a cerebral CT showing intracranial signs of trauma, during the time-period between 2015–2018. Data were extracted from our prospective quality control registry for admitted TBI patients. As a measure of management intensity in different age groups, we made a composite score, where use of advanced TBI imaging, placement of intracranial pressure monitor, ventilator treatment, and evacuation of intracranial mass lesion each gave one point. Uni- and multivariate survival analyses were performed using logistic multinomial regression. Results A total of 1,571 patients with TBI fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The median age was 58 years (range 15–98), 70% were men, and 39% were ≥ 65 years. Head injury severity was mild in 706 patients (45%), moderate in 437 (28%), and severe in 428 (27%). Increasing age was associated with less management intensity, as measured using the composite score, irrespective of head injury severity. Multivariate analyses showed that the following parameters had a significant association with an increased risk of death within 30 days of trauma: increasing age, moderate/severe TBI, Rotterdam CT-score ≥ 4, and low management intensity (composite score ≤ 3). Conclusion The present study indicates that the management intensity of hospitalised patients with TBI decreased with advanced age and that low management intensity was associated with an increased risk of 30-day mortality. This suggests that the high mortality among elderly TBI patients may have an element of treatment bias and could in the future be limited with a more aggressive management regime.

scholarly journals Analysis of Traumatic brain injury related to Kite flying festival: An institutional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-358
Author(s):  
Manish Jaiswal ◽  
Somil Jaiswal ◽  
Bal Krishna Ojha ◽  
Sunil Kumar Singh ◽  
Anil Chandra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Emergency Admission ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Depressed Fracture ◽  
Injured Patients

Abstract Introduction: Makar Sankranti or Uttarayan is the kite flying festival in India. The festival marks the end of winter and the beginning of summer as the sun moves to the Tropic of Cancer bringing with it longer and warmer days. But it turns into a difficult day for those who are hospitalised after suffering from kite flying related injuries. Aims & Objectives: The objective of this cross sectional study was to review the demographics, causes injury, severity, treatment and outcome of traumatic brain injuries in victims of this kite flying festival who were admitted in department of Neurosurgery on the occasion this year in January. Patients & Methods: A total of 46 traumatic brain injured patients was admitted under Neurosurgery Services that day, out of which 18 cases were related to kite flying related injury. Data of these 18 patients were analysed and outcome were measured at discharge. Result: kite flying festival related neurotrauma increase 39% more emergency admission burden as compared to routine days in neuro-emergency ward. Most common cause of head injury among them was fall from roof. Majority of them had mild head injury. Associated injuries to other part of body were present in 46% patients. Conclusion: Children were most affected due to unsupervised kite flying on roof and road side catching of kites. Depressed fracture was commonest type of traumatic brain injury. Strict attention to safety measures and parental supervision while flying kites can avoid many preventable injuries to life.

Two-Year Outcome Following Traumatic Brain Injury and Rehabilitation: A Comparison of Patients From Metropolitan Melbourne and Those Residing in Regional Victoria

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennie Ponsford ◽  
John Olver ◽  
Michael Ponsford ◽  
Michael Schönberger
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Outcome Questionnaire ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Rehabilitation Centre ◽  
Drug Abuse Screening Test

AbstractBackground and Objective:Victoria's trauma management system provides acute care and rehabilitation following traumatic brain injury (TBI), with care of more complex injuries generally provided in specialist centres in metropolitan Melbourne. Little is known about how the outcomes of TBI survivors living in metropolitan Melbourne compare to those who reside in regional Victoria once they return to their community, where support services may be less available. The aim of the present study was to compare, in TBI individuals who have been treated at an inner-city rehabilitation centre in Melbourne, the long-term outcomes of those who live in metropolitan Melbourne (termed ‘Metro’) with those who reside in regional Victoria, termed ‘Regional.’Design and participants:Comparative study with quantitative outcome measures. A total of 959 patients, of whom 645 were designated ‘metro’ and 314 ‘regional’, were followed-up routinely at 2 years post-injury.Outcome measures:Structured Outcome Questionnaire, Glasgow Outcome Scale — Extended, Sickness Impact Profile, Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and Drug Abuse Screening Test.Results:Few differences in outcomes were found between groups. However, after controlling for group differences in age and injury severity, some non-significant trends were suggestive of better outcomes in terms of less social isolation and anxiety and fewer dysexecutive behaviours in regional dwellers.Conclusions:These findings suggest that outcomes in patients from regional areas are at least as good as those from metropolitan Melbourne.

scholarly journals Effect of Concomitant Extra cranial Injury in outcome of moderate and severe head injury patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in western Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Pradeep Ghimire ◽  
Sushil Mishra ◽  
Balgopal Karmacharya ◽  
Nikunja Yogi
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Injury Severity Score ◽  
Severity Score ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Cranial Injury

Background: Polytrauma is a term used to describe the patients those are severely injured associated with other injuries (i.e. two or more severe injuries in at least two areas of the body), less often with a multiple injury (i.e. two or more severe injuries in one body area). More than 40% of the patient of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) dies due to extra cranial causes. We hypothesized that extra cranial injuries with polytrauma may alter TBI outcomes and perform the study. Materials and methods: An analytical study was done with the patient of moderate to severe head injury admitted to neurosurgery Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Manipal Teaching Hospital in between January to December 2019. The objective of the study was to assess the impact of concomitant extra cranial injury (Polytrauma) in the outcome of Moderate to severe head injury. Results: In our study it is seen that, those individuals who have presented delayed in emergency department from the time of incidence under the influence of alcohol, likewise with mean Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) below 8.16+/-3.22 and abnormal pupils, high injury severity score (ISS), and with polytrauma have poorer outcomes. Conclusion: Concomitant extra cranial injuries, injury severity score(ISS),injuries associated under the influence  of alcohol, delayed presentation in emergency after incident, GCS below 9  during presentation in ER and abnormal pupils during examinations are the strong predicting factors for the poor outcome of patient with traumatic brain injury.

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