The differential effect of foreign-born status on preterm birth: a Taiwan population-based birth registry study

2007 ◽  
Vol 114 (8) ◽  
pp. 1023-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
L-C See ◽  
Y-M Shen ◽  
Y-J Lo
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Differential Effect ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Registry Study ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Birth Registry

scholarly journals Changes in maternal risk factors and their association with changes in cesarean sections in Norway between 1999 and 2016: A descriptive population-based registry study

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. e1003764
Author(s):  
Ingvild Hersoug Nedberg ◽  
Marzia Lazzerini ◽  
Ilaria Mariani ◽  
Kajsa Møllersen ◽  
Emanuelle Pessa Valente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Registry Study ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Registry ◽  
Risk Population ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Population Based Registry

Background Increases in the proportion of the population with increased likelihood of cesarean section (CS) have been postulated as a driving force behind the rise in CS rates worldwide. The aim of the study was to assess if changes in selected maternal risk factors for CS are associated with changes in CS births from 1999 to 2016 in Norway. Methods and findings This national population-based registry study utilizes data from 1,055,006 births registered in the Norwegian Medical Birth Registry from 1999 to 2016. The following maternal risk factors for CS were included: nulliparous/≥35 years, multiparous/≥35 years, pregestational diabetes, gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, previous CS, assisted reproductive technology, and multiple births. The proportion of CS births in 1999 was used to predict the number of CS births in 2016. The observed and predicted numbers of CS births were compared to determine the number of excess CS births, before and after considering the selected risk factors, for all births, and for births stratified by 0, 1, or ≥1 of the selected risk factors. The proportion of CS births increased from 12.9% to 16.1% (+24.8%) during the study period. The proportion of births with 1 selected risk factor increased from 21.3% to 26.3% (+23.5%), while the proportion with >1 risk factor increased from 4.5% to 8.8% (+95.6%). Stratification by the presence of selected risk factors reduced the number of excess CS births observed in 2016 compared to 1999 by 67.9%. Study limitations include lack of access to other important maternal risk factors and only comparing the first and the last year of the study period. Conclusions In this study, we observed that after an initial increase, proportions of CS births remained stable from 2005 to 2016. Instead, both the size of the risk population and the mean number of risk factors per birth continued to increase. We observed a possible association between the increase in size of risk population and the additional CS births observed in 2016 compared to 1999. The increase in size of risk population and the stable CS rate from 2005 and onward may indicate consistent adherence to obstetric evidence-based practice in Norway.

scholarly journals Antithyroid drug treatment and pregnancy outcomes among women with hyperthyroidism in pregnancy: A Norwegian population-based registry-linkage study

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
El Khalil Nebghouha ◽  
Angela Lupattelli ◽  
Hedvig Nordeng
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Antithyroid Drug ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Linkage Study ◽  
Birth Registry ◽  
Cardiac Malformations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

Aims: The aim of this study was two-fold: i) to describe factors associated with antithyroid drug (ATD) treatmentduring gestation among women with hyperthyroidism in pregnancy, ii) to investigate the impact of ATDtreatment during gestation on pregnancy outcomes.Methods: Women with hyperthyroidism in pregnancy and ATD treatments were identified through linkage ofthree national registries (2008-2018): The Medical Birth Registry of Norway, the Norwegian PrescriptionRegistry and the Norwegian Patient Registry. Pregnancies were categorized as ATD treated or untreated basedon filled prescriptions indicating ATD exposure during pregnancy. ATD treatment was examined by trimester(T1, T2/T3) and by substance carbimazole (CMZ), propylthiouracil (PTU) and by both CMZ/PTU. Generalizedestimating equations analysis with a robust variance estimator was used to estimate adjusted odds ratio (aOR)and adjusted standardized mean difference (aSMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI).Results: We identified 1699 pregnancies with hyperthyroidism during gestation. Hyperthyroidism was treatedwith ATD in 44.4% of the pregnancies, while 55.6% were untreated. Pregnant women treated with ATD hadmore often asthma compared to untreated women. Prenatal exposure to CMZ was associated with increased riskof preterm birth (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-2.8) whereas PTU exposure in the first trimester was associated with anincreased risk of cardiac malformations (aOR 9.0, 95% CI 1.8-44.7). There was no association between ATDtreatment in pregnancy and maternal preeclampsia (aOR 0.8, 95% CI 0.4-1.3) and gestational hypertension (aOR0.9, 95% CI 0.5-1.8).Conclusion: This nationwide registry study found an association between treatment with carbimazole and increasedrisk of preterm birth. Exposure to propylthiouracil in the first trimester was associated with an increasedrisk of cardiac malformations. These findings should be interpreted in light of international findings on the riskof untreated hyperthyroidism and the potential risk of ATD treatment for the mother and child.

Prenatal care and preterm birth in the Western Brazilian Amazon: A population-based study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Clariana V. Ramos de Oliveira ◽  
Paulo A. R. Neves ◽  
Barbara H. Lourenço ◽  
Rodrigo Medeiros de Souza ◽  
Maíra B. Malta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study

scholarly journals Preterm Delivery; Who Is at Risk?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2279
Author(s):  
Dvora Kluwgant ◽  
Tamar Wainstock ◽  
Eyal Sheiner ◽  
Gali Pariente
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Placental Abruption ◽  
Placenta Previa ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Perinatal Morbidity ◽  
Multiple Gestations ◽  
Extremely Preterm

Preterm birth (PTB) is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Adverse effects of preterm birth have a direct correlation with the degree of prematurity, in which infants who are born extremely preterm (24–28 weeks gestation) have the worst outcomes. We sought to determine prominent risk factors for extreme PTB and whether these factors varied between various sub-populations with known risk factors such as previous PTB and multiple gestations. A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted. Risk factors were examined in cases of extreme PTB in the general population, as well as various sub-groups: singleton and multiple gestations, women with a previous PTB, and women with indicated or induced PTB. A total of 334,415 deliveries were included, of which 1155 (0.35%) were in the extreme PTB group. Placenta previa (OR = 5.8, 95%CI 4.14–8.34, p < 0.001), multiple gestations (OR = 7.7, 95% CI 6.58–9.04, p < 0.001), and placental abruption (OR = 20.6, 95%CI 17.00–24.96, p < 0.001) were the strongest risk factors for extreme PTB. In sub-populations (multiple gestations, women with previous PTB and indicated PTBs), risk factors included placental abruption and previa, lack of prenatal care, and recurrent pregnancy loss. Singleton extreme PTB risk factors included nulliparity, lack of prenatal care, and placental abruption. Placental abruption was the strongest risk factor for extreme preterm birth in all groups, and risk factors did not differ significantly between sub-populations.

scholarly journals Right Heart Structure, Geometry and Function Assessed by Echocardiography in 6-Year-Old Children Born Extremely Preterm—A Population-Based Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Lilly-Ann Mohlkert ◽  
Jenny Hallberg ◽  
Olof Broberg ◽  
Gunnar Sjöberg ◽  
Annika Rydberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Right Heart ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Cardiac Phenotype ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Function

Preterm birth has been associated with altered cardiac phenotype in adults. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that children surviving extremely preterm birth have important structural or functional changes of the right heart or pulmonary circulation. We also examined relations between birth size, gestational age, neonatal diagnoses of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with cardiac outcomes. We assessed a population-based cohort of children born in Sweden before 27 weeks of gestation with echocardiography at 6.5 years of age (n = 176). Each preterm child was matched to a healthy control child born at term. Children born preterm had significantly smaller right atria, right ventricles with smaller widths, higher relative wall thickness and higher estimated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) than controls. In preterm children, PVR and right ventricular myocardial performance index (RVmpi’) were significantly higher in those with a PDA as neonates than in those without PDA, but no such associations were found with BPD. In conclusion, children born extremely preterm exhibit higher estimated PVR, altered right heart structure and function compared with children born at term.

scholarly journals Comparison of adverse perinatal outcomes between Asians and Caucasians: a population-based retrospective cohort study in Ontario

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Zeng ◽  
Erica Erwin ◽  
Wendy Wen ◽  
Daniel J. Corsi ◽  
Shi Wu Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

Abstract Background Racial disparities in adverse perinatal outcomes have been studied in other countries, but little has been done for the Canadian population. In this study, we sought to examine the disparities in adverse perinatal outcomes between Asians and Caucasians in Ontario, Canada. Methods We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study that included all Asian and Caucasian women who attended a prenatal screening and resulted in a singleton birth in an Ontario hospital (April 1st, 2015-March 31st, 2017). Generalized estimating equation models were used to estimate the independent adjusted relative risks and adjusted risk difference of adverse perinatal outcomes for Asians compared with Caucasians. Results Among 237,293 eligible women, 31% were Asian and 69% were Caucasian. Asians were at an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus, placental previa, early preterm birth (< 32 weeks), preterm birth, emergency cesarean section, 3rd and 4th degree perineal tears, low birth weight (< 2500 g, < 1500 g), small-for-gestational-age (<10th percentile, <3rd percentile), neonatal intensive care unit admission, and hyperbilirubinemia requiring treatment, but had lower risks of preeclampsia, macrosomia (birth weight > 4000 g), large-for-gestational-age neonates, 5-min Apgar score < 7, and arterial cord pH ≤7.1, as compared with Caucasians. No difference in risk of elective cesarean section was observed between Asians and Caucasians. Conclusion There are significant differences in several adverse perinatal outcomes between Asians and Caucasians. These differences should be taken into consideration for clinical practices due to the large Asian population in Canada.

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