Effects of Acacia (Acacia auriculaeformisA. Cunn)-associated fungi on mustard (Brassica juncea(L.) Coss. var. foliosa Bailey) growth in Cd- and Ni-contaminated soils

Untreated wastewater used for irrigating crops is the major source of toxic heavy metals and other pollutants in soils. These heavy metals affect plant growth and deteriorate the quality of edible parts of growing plants. Phytohormone (IAA) and exopolysaccharides (EPS) producing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can reduce the toxicity of metals by stabilizing them in soil. The present experiment was conducted to evaluate the IAA and EPS-producing rhizobacterial strains for improving growth, physiology, and antioxidant activity of Brassica juncea (L.) under Cd-stress. Results showed that Cd-stress significantly decreased the growth and physiological parameters of mustard plants. Inoculation with Cd-tolerant, IAA and EPS-producing rhizobacterial strains, however, significantly retrieved the inhibitory effects of Cd-stress on mustard growth, and physiology by up regulating antioxidant enzyme activities. Higher Cd accumulation and proline content was observed in the roots and shoot tissues upon Cd-stress in mustard plants while reduced proline and Cd accumulation was recorded upon rhizobacterial strains inoculation. Maximum decrease in proline contents (12.4%) and Cd concentration in root (26.9%) and shoot (29%) in comparison to control plants was observed due to inoculation with Bacillus safensis strain FN13. The activity of antioxidant enzymes was increased due to Cd-stress; however, the inoculation with Cd-tolerant, IAA-producing rhizobacterial strains showed a non-significant impact in the case of the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX) and catalase (CAT) in Brassica juncea (L.) plants under Cd-stress. Overall, Bacillus safensis strain FN13 was the most effective strain in improving the Brassica juncea (L.) growth and physiology under Cd-stress. It can be concluded, as the strain FN13 is a potential phytostabilizing biofertilizer for heavy metal contaminated soils, that it can be recommended to induce Cd-stress tolerance in crop plants.

Download Full-text

Phytoremediation of contaminated soil Lead and Cadmium by Brassica júncea (L.) Czern plant

SDRP Journal of Earth Sciences & Environmental Studies ◽

10.25177/jeses.5.4.ra.10693 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 110-120

Author(s):

Qunshan Wei ◽

◽

Bilal . ◽

Muhammad Noman ◽

Zhemin Shen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brassica Juncea ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Research Work ◽

Alluvial Soil ◽

Body Parts ◽

Polluted Soils ◽

Lead And Cadmium ◽

Allowable Range

Many remediating strategies are used for polluted soils, however, but mostly the essential phytoremediation is a less expensive, organically satisfying technique that is generally reasonable for various countries. Pot tests were managed to dissect the Brassica júncea plant biomass cultivated on Pb as well as Cd polluted soils as well to survey its ampleness for the evacuation of Pb and Cd. Samples of picked plants developed at a blend of alluvial soil and sand were moved with vessel of pots the earth finishing extents as well allowed make with time regenerative development. Through acid digestion, Pb and Cd extraction was settled from the plant. Consequently, they were collected and afterwards examined for chosen metals through utilizing Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). Generally, the current examination results demonstrated that no hyperaccumulators of Pb as well Cd were recognized in the region. Body parts of the plant were categorized as Pb low accumulators, moderate accumulators and excluder, as well as Cd low accumulator, excluder. Additionally, Cd concentration was high up than the allowable range in species of plant. In plants, allowable range of Pb and Cd is 0.2 - 20 and 0.1 -2.4 mg kg – 1. In Brassica júncea plant the Pb as well Cd both were no hyperaccumulators. Hence, this local plant had the suitable ability to use for phytoremediation of contaminated soils around the Hayatabad Industrial area, Peshawar. All experimental Results demonstrated that from the medium of soil by Brassica júncea (L.) Czern plant the maximum lead and cadmium removals were 94 % and 94.26 %, respectively in the open environment, while in the control environment this removal was 82 % for Pb and 93.16 % for Cd .The present research work observes that brassica júncea (L.) Czern plant was more helpful for Cd take-up contrasted with Pb, and thus it is capacity we suggest Pb as well Cd for remediation from polluted soils. Keywords: Lead, Cadmium, Contaminated soil, Removal

Download Full-text

Phytoremediation: Enhanced cadmium (Cd) accumulation by organic manuring, EDTA and microbial inoculants (Azotobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp.) in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.59.2011.2.2 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 117-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

B. Panwar ◽

I. Kádár ◽

B. Bíró ◽

K. Rajkai-Végh ◽

P. Ragályi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brassica Juncea ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Cadmium Concentration ◽

Indian Mustard ◽

Dry Matter Yield ◽

Microbial Inoculants ◽

Cd Uptake ◽

Spiked Soil ◽

Living Organisms

Phytoremediation is an approach designed to extract excessive heavy metals from contaminated soils through plant uptake. Cadmium (Cd) is among the elements most toxic to living organisms. Health hazards associated with the lethal intake of Cd include renal (kidney) damage, anaemia, hypertension and liver damage. A greenhouse experiment was carried out with Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) grown on artificially spiked soil (100 μg Cd g−1) with EDTA (2 mmol kg−1 in 5 split doses), FYM, vermicompost (VC) and microbial inoculants (MI) such as Azotobacter sp. and Pseudomonas sp. The growth of Brassica juncea L. was better in soil amended with FYM or VC as compared to unamended Cd-polluted soil. Growth was slightly suppressed in EDTA-treated soil, whereas it was better after treatment with MI. The application of FYM and VC increased the dry matter yield of Indian mustard either alone or in combination with microbial inoculants, while that of EDTA caused a significant decrease in the biomass of Indian mustard. The application of microbial inoculants increased the dry matter yield of both the roots and shoots, but not significantly, because MI shows greater sensitivity towards cadmium. The maximum cadmium concentration was observed in the EDTA +MI treatment, but Cd uptake was maximum in the VC + MI treatment. The Cd concentration in the shoots increased by 120% in CdEDTA over the Cd100 treatment, followed by CdVC (65%) and CdFYM (42%) in the absence of microbial inoculants. The corresponding values in the presence of MI were 107, 51 and 37%, respectively. A similar trend was also observed in the roots in the order CdEDTA+M > CdVC+M > CdFYM+M>Cd100+M.MI caused an increase in Cd content of 5.5% in the roots and 4.1% in the shoots in the CdEDTA+M treatment compared with the CdEDTA treatment. FYM, VC and EDTA also increased Cd uptake significantly both in the shoots and roots with and without microbial inoculants.The results indicated that Vermicompost in combination with microbial inoculants is the best treatment for the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil by Indian mustard, as revealed by the Cd uptake values in the shoots: CdVC+M (2265.7 μg/pot) followed by CdEDTA+M (2251.2 μg/pot), CdFYM+M (1485.7 μg/pot) and Cd100+M (993.1 μg/pot).

Download Full-text

Combined modification of clay with sulfhydryl and iron: Toxicity alleviation in Cr-contaminated soils for mustard (Brassica juncea) growth

Journal of Geochemical Exploration ◽

10.1016/j.gexplo.2016.10.014 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 176 ◽

pp. 2-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yingheng Fei ◽

Chengshuai Liu ◽

Fangbai Li ◽

Manjia Chen ◽

Hui Tong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brassica Juncea ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Iron Toxicity

Download Full-text

Field assessment of Pb in contaminated soils and in leaf mustard (Brassica juncea): the LIBS technique

Chemistry and Ecology ◽

10.1080/02757540.2010.534464 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 27 (sup1) ◽

pp. 161-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Meri Barbafieri ◽

Roberto Pini ◽

Alessandro Ciucci ◽

Eliana Tassi

Keyword(s):

Brassica Juncea ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Field Assessment

Download Full-text

Organic Amendments Application Increases Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Mustard (Brassica Juncea) Grown in Chromium-Contaminated Soils

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis ◽

10.1080/00103624.2019.1695831 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 149-159

Author(s):

Vipin Kumar ◽

Pramod Kumar Sharma ◽

Hanuman Singh Jatav ◽

Satish Kumar Singh ◽

Ashish Rai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Brassica Juncea ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Organic Amendments

Download Full-text

Interactions between the Hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens and Brassica juncea or Lupinus albus for Phytoextraction

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10091367 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1367

Author(s):

Isabel Martínez-Alcalá ◽

Rafael Clemente ◽

María Pilar Bernal

Keyword(s):

Trace Element ◽

Brassica Juncea ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Environmental Concern ◽

Lupinus Albus ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

High Concentrations ◽

Trace Element Contamination ◽

Surrounding Areas

Trace-element-contaminated soils cause environmental concern and represent a source of contamination for surrounding areas. Phytoremediation uses plants to diminish the environmental risks associated with this contamination. When the final aim is the extraction of the pollutants, this technique requires the use of plants that are able to accumulate high concentrations of the target elements in their aerial part, while producing high plant biomass. Here, pot experiments were carried out in order to determine the interaction between a hyperaccumulator (Nocaea caerulescens) and a metal excluder (Lupinus albus) or an accumulator (Brassica juncea) species regarding their trace element accumulation/exclusion capacity when sharing the rhizosphere. The plants were grown alone or were cocultivated in soils with different levels of trace element contamination. The Zn concentration in N. caerulescens plants was lower in cocultivation with B. juncea than when they were grown alone, indicating competition between the two species for Zn uptake. Contrastingly, when grown with L. albus, the Zn concentrations in N. caerulescens plants were higher than when grown alone. Therefore, under climatic conditions adequate for N. caerulescens growth, cocultivation with L. albus could favor Zn phytoextraction, while in the case of B. juncea, crop rotation rather than cocultivation is recommended for efficient phytoextraction.

Download Full-text