An Environmental Domain Classification of New Zealand and Its Use as a Tool for Biodiversity Management

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1612-1623 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. LEATHWICK ◽  
J. McC OVERTON ◽  
M. McLEOD
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Biodiversity Management ◽  
Environmental Domain

AN EARLY CLASSIFICATION OF NEW ZEALAND COASTAL CLIMATES

1964 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
R. P. Hargreaves ◽  
W. J. Maunder
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Early Classification

scholarly journals The key roles of seed banks in plant biodiversity management in New Zealand

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
W.M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Introduced Species ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Plant Biodiversity ◽  
Biodiversity Management ◽  
Recent Initiative ◽  
New Zealand Flora ◽  
Pasture Plants

The New Zealand flora is a mixture of indigenous and introduced species. The indigenous species have a high intrinsic value while the introduced species include all of the crop and pasture plants upon which the export-led economy depends. New Zealand must maintain both of these important sources of biodiversity in balance. Seed banks are useful tools for biodiversity management. In New Zealand, a seed bank for indigenous species has been a very recent initiative. By contrast, seed banks for introduced species have been established for over 70 years. The reasons for this discrepancy are discussed. For the economic species, conserved genetic diversity is used to enhance productivity and the environment. Large advances can be gained from species that are not used as economic plants. The gene-pool of white clover has been expanded by the use of minor species conserved as seeds in the Margot Forde Germplasm Centre. Keywords: Seed banks, biodiversity conservation, New Zealand flora

scholarly journals O1A.6 The carcinogenicity of pesticides used in new zealand

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A4.2-A4
Author(s):  
Andrea ‘t Mannetje
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Active Ingredients

IntroductionYearly over 3000 tonnes of pesticide active ingredients are applied in New Zealand agriculture. Since the 1980’s, epidemiological studies have reported increased risks of lymphopoietic cancers in agricultural sectors with high pesticide use. Here we aim to estimate the number and total volume of currently used pesticides in New Zealand that are known or suspected human carcinogens, in order to inform interventions.MethodsFor each of the pesticide active ingredients most commonly used in New Zealand, the carcinogenicity classification of three regulatory agencies (The New Zealand Environmental Protection Authority [NZ-EPA], the US Environmental Protection Agency [US-EPA], and the European Chemicals Agency [EU]) were extracted, as well as the classification of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monograph Programme. Total tonnes of active ingredients that are known or suspected human carcinogens was calculated for each classification.ResultsNone of the pesticides used in New Zealand are classified as known human carcinogens by any of the three regulatory agencies or IARC. Annually New Zealand uses 148–756 tonnes of active pesticide ingredients that are classified as suspected human carcinogens by the three regulatory agencies. If also including the pesticides classified by IARC as possible or probable human carcinogens, the upper estimate doubles to 1475 tonnes, representing half of the total volume of pesticide active ingredients used in New Zealand agriculture. The percentage and volume of active ingredients classified as suspected carcinogens by the three regulatory agencies was highest for the fungicides (8%–60%; 72–540 tonnes), followed by herbicides (3%–10%; 60–200 tonnes), and insecticides (8%, 16 tonnes).ConclusionsAlthough no known human carcinogens are used as pesticides, New Zealand’s high use of pesticides that are suspected carcinogens requires a greater awareness of the presence of potential carcinogens in the agricultural sector and the development of an intervention strategy to reduce cancer risk.

Saxipoa and Sylvipoa - two new genera and a new classification for Australian Poa (Poaceae: Poinae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Soreng ◽  
Lynn J. Gillespie ◽  
Surrey W. L. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
New Genera ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Indigenous Australian ◽  
Infrageneric Classification ◽  
Australian Species

Two species are removed from the genus Poa in Australia on the basis of morphology and DNA and placed in new genera. One is placed in Saxipoa Soreng, L.J.Gillespie & S.W.L.Jacobs – type: S. saxicola (R.Br.) Soreng, L.J.Gillespie & S.W.L.Jacobs; and one is placed in Sylvipoa Soreng, L.J.Gillespie & S.W.L.Jacobs – type: S. queenslandica (C.E.Hubb.) Soreng, L.J.Gillespie & S.W.L.Jacobs. An infrageneric classification of Poa is proposed that places all 41 indigenous Australian species in P. subg. Poa supersect. Homalopoa sect. Brizoides. Thirty-three of these species, plus six species of New Zealand Poa, are placed in a new P. subsect. Australopoa Soreng, L.J.Gillespie & S.W.L.Jacobs. Two species are placed in P. subsect. Austrofestuca (Tzvelev) Soreng, L.J.Gillespie & S.W.L.Jacobs, one in P. subsect. Brizoides (Pilg. ex Potztal) Soreng, L.J.Gillespie & S.W.L.Jacobs, and one in P. subsect. Neuropoa (Clayton) Soreng, L.J.Gillespie & S.W.L.Jacobs.

scholarly journals Work-Related Fatalities Involving Children in New Zealand, 1999–2014

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Rebbecca Lilley ◽  
Bronwen McNoe ◽  
Gabrielle Davie ◽  
Brandon de Graaf ◽  
Tim Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
Unintentional Injury ◽  
Child Work ◽  
Workplace Hazards ◽  
Work Related ◽  
International Classification Of Disease ◽  
Injury Mortality ◽  
Work Related Injury

In high income countries, children under 15 years of age are exposed to workplace hazards when they visit or live on worksites or participate in formal or informal work. This study describes the causes and circumstances of unintentional child work-related fatal injuries (child WRFI) in New Zealand. Potential cases were identified from the Mortality Collection using International Classification of Disease external cause codes: these were matched to Coronial records and reviewed for work-relatedness. Data were abstracted on the socio-demographic, employment and injury-related circumstances. Of the 1335 unintentional injury deaths in children from 1999 through 2014, 206 (15%) were identified as dying from a work-related injury: 9 workers and 197 bystanders—the majority involving vehicle crashes or being stuck by moving objects in incidents occurring on farms or public roads. Those at highest risk were males, preschoolers, and those of Māori or European ethnicity. Work made a notable contribution to the burden of unintentional fatal injury in children with most deaths highly preventable, largely by adult intervention and legislation. To address the determinants of child WRFI greater attention on rural farm and transport settings would result in a significant reduction in the injury mortality rates of New Zealand children.

An Ecoregion Classification of the South Island, New Zealand

1997 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon S. Harding ◽  
Michael J. Winterbourn
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
The South

Genesis and classification of a sequence of soils formed From aeolian parent materials in East Otago, New Zealand

Soil Research ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
PD Mcintosh
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Phosphorus Sorption ◽  
Soil Taxonomy ◽  
Genetic Classification ◽  
Lower Altitude ◽  
Loess Deposition ◽  
Colour Patterns

Eight soil types occurring between 60 and 480 m altitude on Waiora Research Farm, East Otago, New Zealand, are described. The soils are classified in the New Zealand Genetic and Soil Taxonomy classification systems respectively as yellow-grey earths (Fragiochrepts and Fra'giaquepts), yellow-brown earths and podzolized yellow-brown earths (Dystrochrepts), and a podzol (Placorthod). The soils form a development sequence related primarily to altitude, demonstrated chemically by greater leaching of the higher altitude soils and morphologically by the presence of a fragipan in the drier soils at lower altitude and an iron pan in the soils at higher altitude. Fragipans of yellow-grey earths at higher altitudes are modified by the effect of perched water. In the yellow-brown earths, podzolized yellow-brown earths and podzols firm subsoils with gammate colour patterns are found in some profiles and are regarded as relict features of fragipans formed under a previously drier climate. Planar fractures in lower B and upper C horizons, subparallel to the present soil surface, are attributed to breaks of loess deposition due to intermittent colder conditions. Relationships between soils are better demonstrated by the New Zealand Genetic Classification, because of lack of differentiae related to leaching or phosphorus sorption properties at subgroup or family level in the USDA classification.

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