Cathepsin L, a lysosomal cysteine proteinase, may have a key role in various biological and disease processes by intracellular and extracellular degradation of proteins. We examined the levels of cathepsin L and its intrinsic inhibitors in glomeruli of rats with puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) nephrosis. In contrast to the weak levels of cathepsin L in normal glomeruli, on days 4 and 8, strong immunostaining was detected in almost all podocytes when proteinuria and pathological changes of the podocytes developed. Cathepsin L was reduced after day 28, but remained in a focal and segmental manner. Cystatin β, an intracellular inhibitor, was not detected in podocytes. However, cystatin C, an extracellular inhibitor, was detected in podocytes after day 4, coincident with cathepsin L. Cystatin C levels were gradually reduced but sustained in many podocytes on day 28, while cystatin C was not detected in podocytes sustained cathepsin L. These results demonstrated that cathepsin L levels are not always accompanied by the levels of its inhibitors in podocytes of PAN nephrosis, suggesting a potential role of cathepsin L in podocyte injury, which is a critical process for the development and progression of tuft adhesion and sclerosis.
Role of Fat1 in cell-cell contact formation of podocytes in puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis and neonatal kidney