Alcohol Use Disorder among Adolescents: Impact of Paternal Alcoholism on Drinking Behavior, Drinking Motivation, and Consequences

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph E. Tarter ◽  
Levent Kirisci ◽  
Duncan B. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Paternal Alcoholism ◽  
Drinking Motivation

scholarly journals Behavioural cue reactivity to alcohol and non-alcohol-related stimuli among individuals with severe alcohol use disorder: an fMRI study with a visual task

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shou Fukushima ◽  
Hironori Kuga ◽  
Naoya Oribe ◽  
Takeo Mutou ◽  
Takefumi Yuzuriha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Cue Reactivity ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Bold Responses

AbstractPatients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) have difficulties controlling alcohol cravings and thus exhibit increased use and earlier relapse. Although patients tend to respond more strongly to alcohol-related images compared with non-alcohol-related images, few researchers examined the factors that modulate cravings. Here, we examined whole-brain blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) responses to behavioural cues in individuals with AUD and healthy controls (HCs). The participants included 24 patients with severe AUD and 15 HCs. We presented four beverage images (juice, drinking juice, sake, and drinking sake) and compared participant BOLD responses between the two groups. Multiple comparisons revealed that the AUD group had lower BOLD responses compared with the HC group to images of drinking juice in the left precuneus (p = 0.036) and the left posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) (p = 0.044) and higher BOLD responses to images of drinking sake in the left PCC (p = 0.044). Furthermore, compared to the HCs, the AUD patients had decreased BOLD responses associated with cue reactivity to drinking juice in the left precuneus during the period from 15 to 18 s (p = 0.004, df = 37) and 18 to 21 s (p = 0.002, df = 37). Using the Spearman correlation, we found a significant negative correlation between BOLD responses in the left PCC of the AUD patients and Mini–Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores (r = −0.619, p = 0.001). Our findings suggest that HCs and severe AUD patients differ in their responses not to images of alcoholic beverages but those related to alcohol drinking behavior. Thus, these patients appear to have different patterns of brain activity. This information may aid clinicians in developing treatments for patients with AUD.

scholarly journals Family alcohol use, rather than childhood trauma, is more likely to cause male alcohol use disorder: findings from a case-control study in northern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Chen ◽  
Yunmeng Pan ◽  
Peiru Xu ◽  
Yi Huang ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objective To explore the influence of childhood trauma and family alcohol use on male alcohol use disorder. Methods We conducted a case-control study using Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and a structured interview involving 129 men with alcohol use disorder and 129 healthy male volunteers. The two groups were compared in terms of childhood trauma, parental drinking behavior, and attitudes toward childhood drinking. Results Patients showed higher scores of CTQ than controls on childhood trauma experiences, including on the subscales of physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and emotional neglect. Higher proportions of patients than controls had fathers who drank seven or more times a week, and had mothers who were opposed to childhood drinking. Conversely, a smaller proportion of patients than controls had fathers who opposed childhood drinking. Patients were more likely than controls to have been induced to drink as children. Logistic regression analysis identified three risk factors for alcohol use disorder: induced drinking during childhood [odds ratio (OR) 6.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.56–14.51], the father’s weekly alcohol consumption during the respondent’s childhood (OR 4.40, 95%CI 2.94–6.58) and history of smoking (OR 3.39, 95%CI 1.48–7.77). Conversely, more years of education were a protective factor against alcohol use disorder (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.78–0.99). Conclusions Men whose fathers drank frequently during their childhood and were encouraged to drink may be at increased risk of alcohol use disorder in adulthood. In fact these factors of family alcohol use appear to increase risk of alcohol use disorder among adult men more than exposure to childhood trauma does.

Low sensitivity to, and craving for, alcohol in naturalistic and laboratory settings

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Constantine James Trela
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Cue Exposure ◽  
Alcohol Sensitivity ◽  
Incentive Sensitization ◽  
Established Risk Factor ◽  
Low Sensitivity

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Low sensitivity to alcohol is a well-established risk factor for the development of an alcohol use disorder. This risk is transmitted along several routes included, but not limited to, differences in alcohol expectancies, association with heavier drinking peers, and differences in motivations for drinking. A recent line of inquiry drawing on the Incentive Sensitization Theory of Addiction has emerged as another potential factor through which alcohol sensitivity interfaces with alcohol use disorder. The Incentive Sensitization Theory of Addiction posits that formerly neutral cues become imbued with incentive salience through their repeated pairing with drug use and become highly sought after in their own right. Psychophysiological laboratory work has produced promising results that suggest that this process is stronger for low sensitivity drinkers relative to their higher sensitivity peers. The present work attempts to extend these laboratory results into drinkers' natural environment. Participants completed a 10-day period of Ecological Momentary Assessment where they reported on their exposure to cues for alcohol use, levels of craving for alcohol, and their use of alcohol. Results indicated that lower sensitivity drinkers were exposed to alcohol cues more frequently, were more likely to drink, and to drink more heavily when drinking. Cue exposure was a robust predictor of momentary craving, which in turn was a predictor of the likelihood of drinking and marginally associated with the heaviness of drinking. Contrary to hypotheses, alcohol sensitivity was not a moderator of any associations between cue exposure and drinking or craving and drinking. Despite the lack of the expected moderating effects of alcohol sensitivity, the results indicate that craving is a substantial predictor for drinking behavior in an at-risk population. This association between craving and drinking in the "real world" in a non-clinical population has only been rarely documented previously and presents an exciting avenue for continued research.

Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder With Adjunctive Addiction-Focused EMDR: A Feasibility Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-220
Author(s):  
Wiebren Markus ◽  
Cindy de Kruijk ◽  
Hellen K. Hornsveld ◽  
Gerdien H. de Weert–van Oene ◽  
Eni S. Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Multiple Baseline ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Baseline Design ◽  
Evidence Based Treatment ◽  
Emdr Therapy

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) treatment presents a serious challenge. While there are evidence-based treatment options available, there is still a substantial group of treatment-seeking patients who do not complete regular AUD treatment. In addition, accomplished reductions in drinking behavior during treatment are often lost posttreatment. Therefore, both feasibility and effectiveness of AUD treatment are important. Innovative interventions, such as addiction-focused eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (AF-EMDR) therapy (Markus & Hornsveld, 2017), may hold promise as adjunctive treatments. Here the results of a feasibility study of adjunctive AF-EMDR therapy in outpatients with AUD and without comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are described. A multiple baseline design across four participants was used. They received AF-EMDR alongside treatment as usual (TAU). The results suggest that, while challenging, AF-EMDR therapy in outpatients with AUD can be safe, acceptable, and feasible. Whether it is effective, under what conditions and for whom, requires further study however.

DSM-5 alcohol use disorder features among treatment-seeking older adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Behrendt ◽  
Barbara Braun ◽  
Randi Bilberg ◽  
Gerhard Bühringer ◽  
Michael Bogenschutz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Gender ◽  
International Multicenter

Abstract. Background: The number of older adults with alcohol use disorder (AUD) is expected to rise. Adapted treatments for this group are lacking and information on AUD features in treatment seeking older adults is scarce. The international multicenter randomized-controlled clinical trial “ELDERLY-Study” with few exclusion criteria was conducted to investigate two outpatient AUD-treatments for adults aged 60+ with DSM-5 AUD. Aims: To add to 1) basic methodological information on the ELDERLY-Study by providing information on AUD features in ELDERLY-participants taking into account country and gender, and 2) knowledge on AUD features in older adults seeking outpatient treatment. Methods: baseline data from the German and Danish ELDERLY-sites (n=544) were used. AUD diagnoses were obtained with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, alcohol use information with Form 90. Results: Lost control, desired control, mental/physical problem, and craving were the most prevalent (> 70 %) AUD-symptoms. 54.9 % reported severe DSM-5 AUD (moderate: 28.2 %, mild: 16.9 %). Mean daily alcohol use was 6.3 drinks at 12 grams ethanol each. 93.9 % reported binging. More intense alcohol use was associated with greater AUD-severity and male gender. Country effects showed for alcohol use and AUD-severity. Conclusion: European ELDERLY-participants presented typical dependence symptoms, a wide range of severity, and intense alcohol use. This may underline the clinical significance of AUD in treatment-seeking seniors.

Persönliche vs. computerbasierte Alkoholintervention für Krankenhauspatienten: Studiendesign

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 347-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennis Freyer-Adam ◽  
Sophie Baumann ◽  
Inga Schnuerer ◽  
Katja Haberecht ◽  
Ulrich John ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Disorder Identification

Zusammenfassung. Ziel: Persönliche Beratungen können bei stationären Krankenhauspatienten Alkoholkonsum und Mortalität reduzieren. Sie sind jedoch mit hohen Kosten verbunden, wenn aus Public-Health-Erfordernis viele Menschen einer Bevölkerung erreicht werden müssen. Computerbasierte Interventionen stellen eine Alternative dar. Jedoch ist ihre Wirksamkeit im Vergleich zu persönlichen Beratungen und im Allgemeinkrankenhaus noch unklar. Eine quasi-randomisierte Kontrollgruppenstudie „Die Bedeutung der Vermittlungsform für Alkoholinterventionen bei Allgemeinkrankenhauspatienten: Persönlich vs. Computerisiert“ soll dies untersuchen. Design und Methoden werden beschrieben. Methode: Über 18 Monate sind alle 18- bis 64-jährigen Patienten auf Stationen der Universitätsmedizin Greifswald mittels Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) zu screenen. Frauen/Männer mit AUDIT-Consumption ≥ 4/5 und AUDIT < 20 werden einer von drei Gruppen zugeordnet: persönliche Intervention (Beratungen zur Konsumreduktion), computerbasierte Intervention (individualisierte Rückmeldebriefe und Broschüren) und Kontrollgruppe. Beide Interventionen erfolgen im Krankenhaus sowie telefonisch bzw. postalisch nach 1 und 3 Monaten. In computergestützten Telefoninterviews nach 6, 12, 18 und 24 Monaten wird Alkoholkonsum erfragt. Schlussfolgerung: Das Studienvorhaben, sofern erfolgreich umgesetzt, ist geeignet die längerfristige Wirksamkeit einer persönlichen und computerbasierten Intervention im Vergleich zu untersuchen.

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