Osmopriming-Regulated Changes of Plasma Membrane Composition and Function were Inhibited by Phenylarsine Oxide in Soybean Seeds

Lateral organization in the plane of the plasma membrane is an important driver of biological processes. The past dozen years have seen increasing experimental support for the notion that lipid organization plays an important role in modulating this heterogeneity. Various biophysical mechanisms rooted in the concept of liquid–liquid phase separation have been proposed to explain diverse experimental observations of heterogeneity in model and cell membranes with distinct but overlapping applicability. In this review, we focus on the evidence for and the consequences of the hypothesis that the plasma membrane is poised near an equilibrium miscibility critical point. Critical phenomena explain certain features of the heterogeneity observed in cells and model systems but also go beyond heterogeneity to predict other interesting phenomena, including responses to perturbations in membrane composition. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Physical Chemistry, Volume 72 is April 20, 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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Role of diet fat in subcellular structure and function

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/y85-094 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 63 (5) ◽

pp. 546-556 ◽

Cited By ~ 103

Author(s):

M. T. Clandinin ◽

C. J. Field ◽

K. Hargreaves ◽

L. Morson ◽

E. Zsigmond

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membrane ◽

Cardiac Tissue ◽

Dietary Lipid ◽

Head Group ◽

Polar Head Group ◽

Mitochondrial Atpase ◽

Membrane Composition ◽

Lipid Environment ◽

And Function

Current concepts of the biomembrane will be extrapolated to membranes of homeotherms to illustrate the influence of the nature of dietary lipid in nutritionally complete diets on membrane polar head group content and fatty acid composition. Utilizing animal models, the controlling influence of dietary long chain fatty acids on major lipid constituents of the mitochondrial membrane in cardiac tissue, the plasma membrane of liver, and the synaptosomal membrane in brain can be demonstrated. Diet-induced alterations in membrane composition arc associated with demonstrable changes in the function of specific membrane proteins. To illustrate this relationship, the effect of diet on mitochondrial ATPase activity and on a hormone receptor-stimulated function in the plasma membrane of the liver will be discussed. These observations suggest that the diet fat modulates enzyme functions in vivo by changing the surrounding lipid environment in the membrane.

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Actin-membrane interaction in fibroblasts: what proteins are involved in this association?

The Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1083/jcb.99.1.95s ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 99 (1) ◽

pp. 95s-103s ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

P Mangeat ◽

K Burridge

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membrane ◽

Actin Filaments ◽

Stress Fiber ◽

Membrane Interaction ◽

Microfilament Bundles ◽

The Family ◽

Form Part ◽

Membrane Attachment ◽

A Chain ◽

And Function

In this review we discuss some of the proteins for which a role in linking actin to the fibroblast plasma membrane has been suggested. We focus on the family of proteins related to erythrocyte spectrin, proteins that have generally been viewed as having an organization and a function in actin-membrane attachment similar to those of erythrocyte spectrin. Experiments in which we precipitated the nonerythrocyte spectrin within living fibroblasts have led us to question this supposed similarity of organization and function of the nonerythrocyte and erythrocyte spectrins. Intracellular precipitation of fibroblast spectrin does not affect the integrity of the major actin-containing structures, the stress fiber microfilament bundles. Unexpectedly, however, we found that the precipitation of spectrin results in a condensation and altered distribution of the vimentin class of intermediate filaments in most cells examined. Although fibroblast spectrin may have a role in the attachment of some of the cortical, submembranous actin, it is surprising how little the intracellular immunoprecipitation of the spectrin affects the cells. Several proteins have been found concentrated at the ends of stress fibers, where the actin filaments terminate at focal contacts. Two of these proteins, alpha-actinin and fimbrin, have properties that suggest that they are not involved in the attachment of the ends of the bundles to the membrane but are more probably involved in the organization and cross-linking of the filaments within the bundles. On the other hand, vinculin and talin are two proteins that interact with each other and may form part of a chain of attachments between the ends of the microfilament bundles and the focal contact membrane. Their role in this attachment, however, has not been established and further work is needed to examine their interaction with actin and to identify any other components with which they may interact, particularly in the plasma membrane.

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Impact of Membrane Lipids on UapA and AzgA Transporter Subcellular Localization and Activity in Aspergillus nidulans

Journal of Fungi ◽

10.3390/jof7070514 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 514

Author(s):

Mariangela Dionysopoulou ◽

George Diallinas

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membrane ◽

Subcellular Localization ◽

Aspergillus Nidulans ◽

Membrane Lipids ◽

Membrane Lipid ◽

Lipid Biosynthesis ◽

Transport Kinetics ◽

Negative Effect ◽

And Function

Recent biochemical and biophysical evidence have established that membrane lipids, namely phospholipids, sphingolipids and sterols, are critical for the function of eukaryotic plasma membrane transporters. Here, we study the effect of selected membrane lipid biosynthesis mutations and of the ergosterol-related antifungal itraconazole on the subcellular localization, stability and transport kinetics of two well-studied purine transporters, UapA and AzgA, in Aspergillus nidulans. We show that genetic reduction in biosynthesis of ergosterol, sphingolipids or phosphoinositides arrest A. nidulans growth after germling formation, but solely blocks in early steps of ergosterol (Erg11) or sphingolipid (BasA) synthesis have a negative effect on plasma membrane (PM) localization and stability of transporters before growth arrest. Surprisingly, the fraction of UapA or AzgA that reaches the PM in lipid biosynthesis mutants is shown to conserve normal apparent transport kinetics. We further show that turnover of UapA, which is the transporter mostly sensitive to membrane lipid content modification, occurs during its trafficking and by enhanced endocytosis, and is partly dependent on autophagy and Hect-type HulARsp5 ubiquitination. Our results point out that the role of specific membrane lipids on transporter biogenesis and function in vivo is complex, combinatorial and transporter-dependent.

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Plasma membrane integrity in health and disease: significance and therapeutic potential

Cell Discovery ◽

10.1038/s41421-020-00233-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Catarina Dias ◽

Jesper Nylandsted

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membrane ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Calcium Influx ◽

Membrane Integrity ◽

Cell Types ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Membrane Repair ◽

Plasma Membrane Integrity ◽

Repair Mechanisms ◽

And Function

AbstractMaintenance of plasma membrane integrity is essential for normal cell viability and function. Thus, robust membrane repair mechanisms have evolved to counteract the eminent threat of a torn plasma membrane. Different repair mechanisms and the bio-physical parameters required for efficient repair are now emerging from different research groups. However, less is known about when these mechanisms come into play. This review focuses on the existence of membrane disruptions and repair mechanisms in both physiological and pathological conditions, and across multiple cell types, albeit to different degrees. Fundamentally, irrespective of the source of membrane disruption, aberrant calcium influx is the common stimulus that activates the membrane repair response. Inadequate repair responses can tip the balance between physiology and pathology, highlighting the significance of plasma membrane integrity. For example, an over-activated repair response can promote cancer invasion, while the inability to efficiently repair membrane can drive neurodegeneration and muscular dystrophies. The interdisciplinary view explored here emphasises the widespread potential of targeting plasma membrane repair mechanisms for therapeutic purposes.

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