Dissociative anaesthesia in free-ranging male koalas and selected marsupials in captivity

1990 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 449-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. BUSH ◽  
JAM GRAVES ◽  
SJ O'BRIEN ◽  
DE WILDT
Keyword(s):  
In Captivity ◽  
Free Ranging

scholarly journals Canine distemper virus infection in a lesser grison (Galictis cuja): first report and virus phylogeny

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Megid ◽  
Carlos R. Teixeira ◽  
Adriana Cortez ◽  
Marcos B. Heinemann ◽  
João M.A.P. Antunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Habitat Alterations ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
First Case ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Free Ranging

Infectious diseases in wild animals have been increasing as a result of their habitat alterations and closer contact with domestic animals. Canine distemper virus (CDV) has been reported in several species of wild carnivores, presenting a threat to wildlife conservation. We described the first case of canine distemper virus infection in lesser grison (Galictis cuja). A free-ranging individual, with no visible clinical sigs, presented sudden death after one day in captivity. Molecular diagnosis for CDV infection was performed using whole blood collected by postmortem intracardiac puncture, which resulted positive. The virus phylogeny indicated that domestic dogs were the probable source of infection.

The effects of environmental and visitor variables on the behavior of free-ranging ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) in captivity

Zoo Biology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 250-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney Collins ◽  
Ilse Corkery ◽  
Amy Haigh ◽  
Sean McKeown ◽  
Thomas Quirke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lemur Catta ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Free Ranging

Comparison of body weights between captive and free-ranging juvenile Richardson's ground squirrels (Spermophilus richardsoni)

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 1916-1920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah H. Harding ◽  
Josefine C. Rauch
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Free Ranging

Body weights of free-ranging and captive juvenile Richardson's ground squirrels (Spermophilus richardsoni) were determined at regular intervals during the nonhibernating season. Animals in captivity gained weight at a faster rate and to a greater extent than those in their natural habitat. Attainment of maximum weights in captive ground squirrels was associated with a reduction in food intake and could not be related to food availability, a change in temperature, or in photoperiod.

Behavioural adjustments of wild-caught kangaroos to captivity

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Munn ◽  
S. Phelan ◽  
M. Rigby ◽  
J. A. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Wild Animal ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Novel Environment ◽  
Short Period ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Free Ranging

It is important to understand how wild-caught animals may respond to captivity, and whether their behaviours in captivity are reflective of their wild counterparts. We observed the behaviour of wild-caught western grey kangaroos (Macropus fuliginosus) and red kangaroos (Osphranter rufus; formerly M. rufus) that were transferred to a large naturally vegetated enclosure. Observations were made on the first day of captivity and again after 7–10 days, and were compared with the behaviour of free-living kangaroos at the same locality and over the same period. We quantified feeding, moving, grooming and non-alert behaviours. Of these, grooming was higher in captive kangaroos than in free-living animals on the first day of captivity only, and was no different to that of wild animal by 7–10 days’ captivity. Such self-directed behaviour may be indicative of heightened distress for kangaroos on the first day of captivity, but it may also be indicative of grooming to eliminate contamination of human smells or debris following capture by darting and recovery. Overall, our findings indicate that after a short period of captivity, wild-caught kangaroos adjust to a novel environment relatively quickly, and animals from each species showed behaviour patterns comparable with free-ranging counterparts within 7–10 days after capture and captivity.

scholarly journals Surveillance using serological and molecular methods for the detection of infectious agents in captive Brazilian neotropic and exotic felids

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Filoni ◽  
José Luiz Catão-Dias ◽  
Valentino Cattori ◽  
Barbara Willi ◽  
Marina L. Meli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Feline Leukemia Virus ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Serologic Evidence ◽  
Herpesvirus 1 ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Feline Coronavirus

The aim of the current study was to investigate the exposure of captive wild felids to various infectious pathogens using serological and molecular methods. One hundred and fifty-nine neotropic felids and 51 exotic felids from 28 captive settings in Brazil were tested. While antibodies against Feline parvovirus and Feline coronavirus (FCoV), Feline calicivirus and Bartonella spp. were frequently detected by serologic tests, antibodies against Felid herpesvirus 1 or infection with hemotropic mycoplasmas were less prevalent. Serologic evidence of exposure to Ehrlichia spp., Feline immunodeficiency virus, and Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) was detected rarely, and infections with FeLV, Ehrlichia spp., and Cytauxzoon spp. were found infrequently. The detected Bartonella sequence was molecularly similar to B. koehlerae and B. henselae; for Cytauxzoon, the sequence resembled those from domestic cats. No Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Theileria spp. infections were detected. The positive test results varied significantly among different facilities and species. Additionally, FCoV seropositivity was more prevalent in captivity than in free-ranging populations. Results suggest that testing is appropriate prior to relocation of felids.

Seasonal patterns in body mass, body composition, and water transfer rates of free-ranging and captive black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis) in Alaska

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 1397-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine L. Parker ◽  
Michael P. Gillingham ◽  
Thomas A. Hanley ◽  
Charles T. Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus Sitkensis ◽  
Free Ranging

Body mass, body composition, and water transfer rates were determined over a continuous 2-year period in nine free-ranging Sitka black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis). Body masses showed a cyclical pattern, declined 14 – 31% between October and March, and were best described by a five-parameter, biologically based regression model. The amount of mass lost by black-tailed deer over winter depended on the peak body mass attained during fall. During winter, animals used 70 – 82% of their body fat and 10 – 15% of their protein reserves. Body fat was preferentially mobilized at rates 2.3 – 11.6 times higher than protein. Because of the higher energy content of fat, fat accounted for 83 – 92% of the catabolized energy. Water transfer rates varied seasonally with average summer values approximately four times those of winter; lactating deer had significantly higher rates of water transfer than nonlactating animals. Seasonal changes in all of the above parameters for wild deer were greater than those for eight deer of the same age in captivity.

Sequential orgaqisation of social behaviour in captive adult and juvenile Macropus rufus (Marsupialia: Macropodidae).

1989 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
P. Wilhelm ◽  
U. Ganslosser
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Functional Categories ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Macropus Rufus ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Behavioural Repertoire

The behavioural repertoire of Macropus rufus in captivity is described in comparison with data from literature. Most behavioural elements observed do not differ from those of free-ranging populations. Some new elements of agonistic and sexual behaviour are described. The sequential organisation of adult social behaviour allows a distinction between the functional categories of agonistic, friendly and sexual behaviour as well as a series of transitional elements. In sexual behaviour, low-intensity sexual checking can be distinguished from high-intensity courting and mating behaviour. In agonistic contexts a distinction between elements of ritualised and unritualised fighting is possible on the basis of sequences, with fixed sequences of behaviour patterns in ritualised fighting. Young M. rufus show nearly all behaviour patterns of adults, though frequently out of context. Their behavioural repertoire is not organised into different functional categories. Playfighting as well as running-play are not restricted to the mother-young dyad.

scholarly journals Sexual maturation in free-ranging Chilabothrus angulifer (Serpentes: Boidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Tomás M. Rodríguez-Cabrera ◽  
Javier Torres López ◽  
Ruben Marrero ◽  
Ernesto Morell Savall ◽  
Ana Sanz Ochotorena
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
The West ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Free Ranging

The Cuban Boa (C. angulifer) is the only boid snake in Cuba. It is the largest member of the genus, as well as the largest snake in the West Indies (> 400 cm in snout-vent length); as such, it is an iconic species of the Cuban herpetofauna. Although the snake’s natural history is poorly known, several studies describe aspects of its reproductive biology in captivity. Herein we document the sizes and ages at which both sexes reach sexual maturity in nature, and show that the Cuban Boa reaches adulthood at a much smaller size than previously reported for captive snakes. Based on the limited information on the growth rate of C. angulifer in nature, males must reach breeding size after 3 years and females after 5 years

scholarly journals Ecologically relevant spatial memory use modulates hippocampal neurogenesis

2009 ◽  
Vol 277 (1684) ◽  
pp. 1071-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara D. LaDage ◽  
Timothy C. Roth ◽  
Rebecca A. Fox ◽  
Vladimir V. Pravosudov
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Neural Architecture ◽  
Food Caching ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Adult Hippocampus ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Mountain Chickadees

The adult hippocampus in birds and mammals undergoes neurogenesis and the resulting new neurons appear to integrate structurally and functionally into the existing neural architecture. However, the factors underlying the regulation of new neuron production is still under scrutiny. In recent years, the concept that spatial memory affects adult hippocampal neurogenesis has gained acceptance, although results attempting to causally link memory use to neurogenesis remain inconclusive, possibly owing to confounds of motor activity, task difficulty or training for the task. Here, we show that ecologically relevant, spatial memory-based experiences of food caching and retrieving directly affect hippocampal neurogenesis in mountain chickadees ( Poecile gambeli ). We found that restricting memory experiences in captivity caused significantly lower rates of neurogenesis, as determined by doublecortin expression, compared with captive individuals provided with such experiences. However, neurogenesis rates in both groups of captive birds were still greatly lower than those in free-ranging conspecifics. These findings show that ecologically relevant spatial memory experiences can directly modulate neurogenesis, separate from other confounds that may also independently affect neurogenesis.

Temporal aspects of feeding events in tammar (Macropus eugenii) and parma (Macropus parma) wallabies. I. Food acquisition and oral processing

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Lentle ◽  
I. D. Hume ◽  
K. J. Stafford ◽  
M. Kennedy ◽  
B. P. Springett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Tammar Wallaby ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Food Acquisition ◽  
Macropus Eugenii ◽  
Temporal Aspects ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Oral Processing ◽  
Free Ranging

We studied parameters that influence the efficiency of food acquisition and oral processing in the tammar wallaby (a grazer) and the parma wallaby (a grazer/browser), both in captivity and under free range on Kawau Island, New Zealand.In captivity, both species spent less time feeding per gram of dry matter intake when browsing than when grazing, and there were no significant differences between the species with respect to the rates of feeding per gram of dry matter intake of a given food. However, under free-ranging conditions, tammar wallabies spent longer feeding than did parma wallabies, so it was likely that tammar wallabies spent more time grazing than browsing. Differences in the relationships between feeding event and inter-feed interval duration in captive and free-ranging wallabies indicated that feeding behaviour was influenced by different factors in the two situations.Microtemporal analysis of the chewing sounds of free-ranging tammar and parma wallabies showed that the interval between the first and second sounds in a 'run' of chewing sounds was longer than that between subsequent intervals, indicating that there was a time cost associated with food aquisition. However, as there were no significant differences between the two wallaby species, either in the mean duration of 'runs' of chewing sounds within feeding events or in the mean duration of whole feeding events, this cost was similar for grazing and browsing. Chewing characteristics differed from those of larger (eutherian) herbivores in that the numbers of chews in a run were not randomly distributed, both species having a preponderance of runs with seven chews. Whilst, the intervals between the second and subsequent chewing sounds in a run did not vary in a periodic manner, such as would occur in batch processing of food, they were more prolonged in runs with more chewing sounds and were significantly longer in tammar wallabies than in parma wallabies. Thus, the slower rate of oral processing of grass was likely due to a generally slower rate of chewing when grazing than when browsing.

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