scholarly journals Role of gut microbiota in liver diseases

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Miyake ◽  
Kazuhide Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Liver Diseases

scholarly journals The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Liver Cirrhosis Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Na Young Lee ◽  
Ki Tae Suk
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Sclerosing Cholangitis ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Chronic Liver Diseases

Liver cirrhosis is one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases worldwide. In addition to viral hepatitis, diseases such as steatohepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, sclerosing cholangitis and Wilson’s disease can also lead to cirrhosis. Moreover, alcohol can cause cirrhosis on its own and exacerbate chronic liver disease of other causes. The treatment of cirrhosis can be divided into addressing the cause of cirrhosis and reversing liver fibrosis. To this date, there is still no clear consensus on the treatment of cirrhosis. Recently, there has been a lot of interest in potential treatments that modulate the gut microbiota and gut-liver axis for the treatment of cirrhosis. According to recent studies, modulation of the gut microbiome by probiotics ameliorates the progression of liver disease. The precise mechanism for relieving cirrhosis via gut microbial modulation has not been identified. This paper summarizes the role and effects of the gut microbiome in cirrhosis based on experimental and clinical studies on absorbable antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics. Moreover, it provides evidence of a relationship between the gut microbiome and liver fibrosis.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases: from role of gut microbiota to microbial-based therapies

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Ebrahimzadeh Leylabadlo ◽  
Reza Ghotaslou ◽  
Hossein Samadi Kafil ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi ◽  
Seyed Yaghoub Moaddab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver

scholarly journals The Gut-Liver Axis in Health and Disease: The Role of Gut Microbiota-Derived Signals in Liver Injury and Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhipeng Zheng ◽  
Baohong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Liver Regeneration ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Pathophysiological Process ◽  
Tryptophan Metabolites ◽  
Health And Disease

Diverse liver diseases undergo a similar pathophysiological process in which liver regeneration follows a liver injury. Given the important role of the gut-liver axis in health and diseases, the role of gut microbiota-derived signals in liver injury and regeneration has attracted much attention. It has been observed that the composition of gut microbiota dynamically changes in the process of liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy, and gut microbiota modulation by antibiotics or probiotics affects both liver injury and regeneration. Mechanically, through the portal vein, the liver is constantly exposed to gut microbial components and metabolites, which have immense effects on the immunity and metabolism of the host. Emerging data demonstrate that gut-derived lipopolysaccharide, gut microbiota-associated bile acids, and other bacterial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids and tryptophan metabolites, may play multifaceted roles in liver injury and regeneration. In this perspective, we provide an overview of the possible molecular mechanisms by which gut microbiota-derived signals modulate liver injury and regeneration, highlighting the potential roles of gut microbiota in the development of gut microbiota-based therapies to alleviate liver injury and promote liver regeneration.

scholarly journals The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Liver Fibrosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Young Lee ◽  
Ki Tae Suk
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Sclerosing Cholangitis ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Chronic Liver Diseases

Liver cirrhosis is one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases worldwide. In addition to viral hepatitis, genetic conditions such as steatohepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, sclerosing cholangitis, and Wilson’s disease can also lead to cirrhosis. Moreover, alcohol can cause cirrhosis on its own and exacerbate chronic liver disease from other causes. The treatment of cirrhosis can be divided into addressing the cause of cirrhosis and reversing liver fibrosis. To this date, there is still no clear consensus on the treatment of cirrhosis. Recently, there has been a lot of interest in potential treatments that modulate the gut microbiota and gut-liver axis for the treatment of cirrhosis. According to recent studies, modulation of the gut microbiome by probiotics ameliorates the progression of liver disease. The precise mechanism for relieving cirrhosis via gut microbial modulation has not been identified. This paper summarizes the role and effects of the gut microbiome in cirrhosis based on experimental and clinical studies on absorbable antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics. Moreover, it provides evidence of a relationship between the gut microbiome and liver cirrhosis.

scholarly journals Human Gut Microbiome and Liver Diseases: From Correlation to Causation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1017
Author(s):  
Rui Li ◽  
Zhengsheng Mao ◽  
Xujun Ye ◽  
Tao Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Traditional Function ◽  
High Throughput Dna Sequencing

The important role of human gut microbiota in liver diseases has long been recognized as dysbiosis and the translocation of certain microbes from the gut to liver. With the development of high-throughput DNA sequencing, the complexity and integrity of the gut microbiome in the whole spectrum of liver diseases is emerging. Specific patterns of gut microbiota have been identified in liver diseases with different causes, including alcoholic, non-alcoholic, and virus induced liver diseases, or even at different stages, ranging from steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, to hepatocellular carcinoma. At the same time, the mechanism of how microbiota contributes to liver diseases goes beyond the traditional function of the gut–liver axis which could lead to liver injury and inflammation. With the application of proteomics, metabolomics, and modern molecular technologies, more microbial metabolites and the complicated interaction of microbiota with host immunity come into our understanding in the liver pathogenesis. Germ-free animal models serve as a workhorse to test the function of microbiota and their derivatives in liver disease models. Here, we review the current evidence on the relationship between gut microbiota and liver diseases, and the mechanisms underlying this phenotype. In addition to original liver diseases, gut microbiota might also affect liver injury in systemic disorders involving multiple organs, as in the case of COVID-19 at a severe state. A better understanding of the gut microbial contribution to liver diseases might help us better benefit from this guest–host relationship and pave the way for novel therapies.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota in Liver Disease: What Do We Know and What Do We Not Know?

Physiology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Jiang ◽  
Bernd Schnabl
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Chronic Liver Diseases ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Bidirectional Communication ◽  
Microbial Products ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The gut and the liver have a bidirectional communication via the biliary system and the portal vein. The intestinal microbiota and microbial products play an important role for modulating liver diseases such as alcohol-associated liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis, and cholestatic liver diseases. Here, we review the role of the gut microbiota and its products for the pathogenesis and therapy of chronic liver diseases.

Liver Diseases: The Role of Gut Microbiota and Probiotics

2016 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagtap Nitin ◽  
Sharma Mithun ◽  
Rao PN ◽  
D Nageshwar Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Liver Diseases

The role of gut microbiota in intestinal and liver diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Hrncir ◽  
Lucia Hrncirova ◽  
Miloslav Kverka ◽  
Helena Tlaskalova-Hogenova
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Intestinal Immune System

The world-wide incidence of many immune-mediated and metabolic diseases, including those of the intestines and liver, is steadily increasing. Gut microbiota plays a central role in the pathogenesis of these diseases as it mediates environmental changes to the intestinal immune system. Various environmental factors including diet, food additives and medication also trigger the compositional and functional alterations of microbiota, that is, dysbiosis, and this dysbiosis is closely associated with many chronic inflammatory diseases. However, the causal relationship remains unclear for the majority of these diseases. In this review, we discuss essential epidemiological data, known pathogenetic factors including those of genetic and environmental nature, while mainly focusing on the role of gut microbiota in the development of selected intestinal and liver diseases. Using specific examples, we also briefly describe some of the most widely-used animal models including gnotobiotic models and their contribution to the research of pathogenetic mechanisms of the host–microbiota relationship.

scholarly journals The Gut Microbiota: How Does It Influence the Development and Progression of Liver Diseases

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 501
Author(s):  
Paulraj Kanmani ◽  
Kanmani Suganya ◽  
Hojun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Host Health ◽  
Cellular Components ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

The gut–liver axis plays important roles in both the maintenance of a healthy liver and the pathogenesis of liver diseases, where the gut microbiota acts as a major determinant of this relationship. Gut bacteria-derived metabolites and cellular components are key molecules that affect the function of the liver and modulate the pathology of liver diseases. Accumulating evidence showed that gut microbiota produces a myriad of molecules, including lipopolysaccharide, lipoteichoic acid, peptidoglycan, and DNA, as well as short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, trimethylamine, and indole derivatives. The translocation of these components to the liver exerts beneficial or pathogenic effects by interacting with liver immune cells. This is a bidirectional relationship. Therefore, the existence of crosstalk between the gut and liver and its implications on host health and diseases are essential for the etiology and treatment of diseases. Several mechanisms have been proposed for the pathogenesis of liver diseases, but still, the mechanisms behind the pathogenic role of gut-derived components on liver pathogenesis remain elusive and not understandable. This review discusses the current progress on the gut microbiota and its components in terms of the progression of liver diseases, and in turn, how liver diseases indirectly affect the intestinal function and induce intestinal inflammation. Moreover, this paper highlights the current therapeutic and preventive strategies used to restore the gut microbiota composition and improve host health.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document